xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/uipc_shm.c (revision 148a8da8)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2006, 2011, 2016-2017 Robert N. M. Watson
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Portions of this software were developed by BAE Systems, the University of
8  * Cambridge Computer Laboratory, and Memorial University under DARPA/AFRL
9  * contract FA8650-15-C-7558 ("CADETS"), as part of the DARPA Transparent
10  * Computing (TC) research program.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 /*
35  * Support for shared swap-backed anonymous memory objects via
36  * shm_open(2) and shm_unlink(2).  While most of the implementation is
37  * here, vm_mmap.c contains mapping logic changes.
38  *
39  * TODO:
40  *
41  * (1) Need to export data to a userland tool via a sysctl.  Should ipcs(1)
42  *     and ipcrm(1) be expanded or should new tools to manage both POSIX
43  *     kernel semaphores and POSIX shared memory be written?
44  *
45  * (2) Add support for this file type to fstat(1).
46  *
47  * (3) Resource limits?  Does this need its own resource limits or are the
48  *     existing limits in mmap(2) sufficient?
49  */
50 
51 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
52 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
53 
54 #include "opt_capsicum.h"
55 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
56 
57 #include <sys/param.h>
58 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
59 #include <sys/conf.h>
60 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
61 #include <sys/file.h>
62 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
63 #include <sys/filio.h>
64 #include <sys/fnv_hash.h>
65 #include <sys/kernel.h>
66 #include <sys/uio.h>
67 #include <sys/signal.h>
68 #include <sys/jail.h>
69 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
70 #include <sys/lock.h>
71 #include <sys/malloc.h>
72 #include <sys/mman.h>
73 #include <sys/mutex.h>
74 #include <sys/priv.h>
75 #include <sys/proc.h>
76 #include <sys/refcount.h>
77 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
78 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
79 #include <sys/stat.h>
80 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
81 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
82 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
83 #include <sys/systm.h>
84 #include <sys/sx.h>
85 #include <sys/time.h>
86 #include <sys/vnode.h>
87 #include <sys/unistd.h>
88 #include <sys/user.h>
89 
90 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
91 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
92 
93 #include <vm/vm.h>
94 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
95 #include <vm/pmap.h>
96 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
97 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
98 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
99 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
100 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
101 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
102 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
103 #include <vm/swap_pager.h>
104 
105 struct shm_mapping {
106 	char		*sm_path;
107 	Fnv32_t		sm_fnv;
108 	struct shmfd	*sm_shmfd;
109 	LIST_ENTRY(shm_mapping) sm_link;
110 };
111 
112 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_SHMFD, "shmfd", "shared memory file descriptor");
113 static LIST_HEAD(, shm_mapping) *shm_dictionary;
114 static struct sx shm_dict_lock;
115 static struct mtx shm_timestamp_lock;
116 static u_long shm_hash;
117 static struct unrhdr64 shm_ino_unr;
118 static dev_t shm_dev_ino;
119 
120 #define	SHM_HASH(fnv)	(&shm_dictionary[(fnv) & shm_hash])
121 
122 static void	shm_init(void *arg);
123 static void	shm_insert(char *path, Fnv32_t fnv, struct shmfd *shmfd);
124 static struct shmfd *shm_lookup(char *path, Fnv32_t fnv);
125 static int	shm_remove(char *path, Fnv32_t fnv, struct ucred *ucred);
126 
127 static fo_rdwr_t	shm_read;
128 static fo_rdwr_t	shm_write;
129 static fo_truncate_t	shm_truncate;
130 static fo_ioctl_t	shm_ioctl;
131 static fo_stat_t	shm_stat;
132 static fo_close_t	shm_close;
133 static fo_chmod_t	shm_chmod;
134 static fo_chown_t	shm_chown;
135 static fo_seek_t	shm_seek;
136 static fo_fill_kinfo_t	shm_fill_kinfo;
137 static fo_mmap_t	shm_mmap;
138 
139 /* File descriptor operations. */
140 struct fileops shm_ops = {
141 	.fo_read = shm_read,
142 	.fo_write = shm_write,
143 	.fo_truncate = shm_truncate,
144 	.fo_ioctl = shm_ioctl,
145 	.fo_poll = invfo_poll,
146 	.fo_kqfilter = invfo_kqfilter,
147 	.fo_stat = shm_stat,
148 	.fo_close = shm_close,
149 	.fo_chmod = shm_chmod,
150 	.fo_chown = shm_chown,
151 	.fo_sendfile = vn_sendfile,
152 	.fo_seek = shm_seek,
153 	.fo_fill_kinfo = shm_fill_kinfo,
154 	.fo_mmap = shm_mmap,
155 	.fo_flags = DFLAG_PASSABLE | DFLAG_SEEKABLE
156 };
157 
158 FEATURE(posix_shm, "POSIX shared memory");
159 
160 static int
161 uiomove_object_page(vm_object_t obj, size_t len, struct uio *uio)
162 {
163 	vm_page_t m;
164 	vm_pindex_t idx;
165 	size_t tlen;
166 	int error, offset, rv;
167 
168 	idx = OFF_TO_IDX(uio->uio_offset);
169 	offset = uio->uio_offset & PAGE_MASK;
170 	tlen = MIN(PAGE_SIZE - offset, len);
171 
172 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(obj);
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * Read I/O without either a corresponding resident page or swap
176 	 * page: use zero_region.  This is intended to avoid instantiating
177 	 * pages on read from a sparse region.
178 	 */
179 	if (uio->uio_rw == UIO_READ && vm_page_lookup(obj, idx) == NULL &&
180 	    !vm_pager_has_page(obj, idx, NULL, NULL)) {
181 		VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
182 		return (uiomove(__DECONST(void *, zero_region), tlen, uio));
183 	}
184 
185 	/*
186 	 * Parallel reads of the page content from disk are prevented
187 	 * by exclusive busy.
188 	 *
189 	 * Although the tmpfs vnode lock is held here, it is
190 	 * nonetheless safe to sleep waiting for a free page.  The
191 	 * pageout daemon does not need to acquire the tmpfs vnode
192 	 * lock to page out tobj's pages because tobj is a OBJT_SWAP
193 	 * type object.
194 	 */
195 	m = vm_page_grab(obj, idx, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_NOBUSY);
196 	if (m->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
197 		vm_page_xbusy(m);
198 		if (vm_pager_has_page(obj, idx, NULL, NULL)) {
199 			rv = vm_pager_get_pages(obj, &m, 1, NULL, NULL);
200 			if (rv != VM_PAGER_OK) {
201 				printf(
202 	    "uiomove_object: vm_obj %p idx %jd valid %x pager error %d\n",
203 				    obj, idx, m->valid, rv);
204 				vm_page_lock(m);
205 				vm_page_free(m);
206 				vm_page_unlock(m);
207 				VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
208 				return (EIO);
209 			}
210 		} else
211 			vm_page_zero_invalid(m, TRUE);
212 		vm_page_xunbusy(m);
213 	}
214 	vm_page_lock(m);
215 	vm_page_hold(m);
216 	if (vm_page_active(m))
217 		vm_page_reference(m);
218 	else
219 		vm_page_activate(m);
220 	vm_page_unlock(m);
221 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
222 	error = uiomove_fromphys(&m, offset, tlen, uio);
223 	if (uio->uio_rw == UIO_WRITE && error == 0) {
224 		VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(obj);
225 		vm_page_dirty(m);
226 		vm_pager_page_unswapped(m);
227 		VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
228 	}
229 	vm_page_lock(m);
230 	vm_page_unhold(m);
231 	vm_page_unlock(m);
232 
233 	return (error);
234 }
235 
236 int
237 uiomove_object(vm_object_t obj, off_t obj_size, struct uio *uio)
238 {
239 	ssize_t resid;
240 	size_t len;
241 	int error;
242 
243 	error = 0;
244 	while ((resid = uio->uio_resid) > 0) {
245 		if (obj_size <= uio->uio_offset)
246 			break;
247 		len = MIN(obj_size - uio->uio_offset, resid);
248 		if (len == 0)
249 			break;
250 		error = uiomove_object_page(obj, len, uio);
251 		if (error != 0 || resid == uio->uio_resid)
252 			break;
253 	}
254 	return (error);
255 }
256 
257 static int
258 shm_seek(struct file *fp, off_t offset, int whence, struct thread *td)
259 {
260 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
261 	off_t foffset;
262 	int error;
263 
264 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
265 	foffset = foffset_lock(fp, 0);
266 	error = 0;
267 	switch (whence) {
268 	case L_INCR:
269 		if (foffset < 0 ||
270 		    (offset > 0 && foffset > OFF_MAX - offset)) {
271 			error = EOVERFLOW;
272 			break;
273 		}
274 		offset += foffset;
275 		break;
276 	case L_XTND:
277 		if (offset > 0 && shmfd->shm_size > OFF_MAX - offset) {
278 			error = EOVERFLOW;
279 			break;
280 		}
281 		offset += shmfd->shm_size;
282 		break;
283 	case L_SET:
284 		break;
285 	default:
286 		error = EINVAL;
287 	}
288 	if (error == 0) {
289 		if (offset < 0 || offset > shmfd->shm_size)
290 			error = EINVAL;
291 		else
292 			td->td_uretoff.tdu_off = offset;
293 	}
294 	foffset_unlock(fp, offset, error != 0 ? FOF_NOUPDATE : 0);
295 	return (error);
296 }
297 
298 static int
299 shm_read(struct file *fp, struct uio *uio, struct ucred *active_cred,
300     int flags, struct thread *td)
301 {
302 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
303 	void *rl_cookie;
304 	int error;
305 
306 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
307 #ifdef MAC
308 	error = mac_posixshm_check_read(active_cred, fp->f_cred, shmfd);
309 	if (error)
310 		return (error);
311 #endif
312 	foffset_lock_uio(fp, uio, flags);
313 	rl_cookie = rangelock_rlock(&shmfd->shm_rl, uio->uio_offset,
314 	    uio->uio_offset + uio->uio_resid, &shmfd->shm_mtx);
315 	error = uiomove_object(shmfd->shm_object, shmfd->shm_size, uio);
316 	rangelock_unlock(&shmfd->shm_rl, rl_cookie, &shmfd->shm_mtx);
317 	foffset_unlock_uio(fp, uio, flags);
318 	return (error);
319 }
320 
321 static int
322 shm_write(struct file *fp, struct uio *uio, struct ucred *active_cred,
323     int flags, struct thread *td)
324 {
325 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
326 	void *rl_cookie;
327 	int error;
328 
329 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
330 #ifdef MAC
331 	error = mac_posixshm_check_write(active_cred, fp->f_cred, shmfd);
332 	if (error)
333 		return (error);
334 #endif
335 	foffset_lock_uio(fp, uio, flags);
336 	if ((flags & FOF_OFFSET) == 0) {
337 		rl_cookie = rangelock_wlock(&shmfd->shm_rl, 0, OFF_MAX,
338 		    &shmfd->shm_mtx);
339 	} else {
340 		rl_cookie = rangelock_wlock(&shmfd->shm_rl, uio->uio_offset,
341 		    uio->uio_offset + uio->uio_resid, &shmfd->shm_mtx);
342 	}
343 
344 	error = uiomove_object(shmfd->shm_object, shmfd->shm_size, uio);
345 	rangelock_unlock(&shmfd->shm_rl, rl_cookie, &shmfd->shm_mtx);
346 	foffset_unlock_uio(fp, uio, flags);
347 	return (error);
348 }
349 
350 static int
351 shm_truncate(struct file *fp, off_t length, struct ucred *active_cred,
352     struct thread *td)
353 {
354 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
355 #ifdef MAC
356 	int error;
357 #endif
358 
359 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
360 #ifdef MAC
361 	error = mac_posixshm_check_truncate(active_cred, fp->f_cred, shmfd);
362 	if (error)
363 		return (error);
364 #endif
365 	return (shm_dotruncate(shmfd, length));
366 }
367 
368 int
369 shm_ioctl(struct file *fp, u_long com, void *data, struct ucred *active_cred,
370     struct thread *td)
371 {
372 
373 	switch (com) {
374 	case FIONBIO:
375 	case FIOASYNC:
376 		/*
377 		 * Allow fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) to work,
378 		 * just like it would on an unlinked regular file
379 		 */
380 		return (0);
381 	default:
382 		return (ENOTTY);
383 	}
384 }
385 
386 static int
387 shm_stat(struct file *fp, struct stat *sb, struct ucred *active_cred,
388     struct thread *td)
389 {
390 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
391 #ifdef MAC
392 	int error;
393 #endif
394 
395 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
396 
397 #ifdef MAC
398 	error = mac_posixshm_check_stat(active_cred, fp->f_cred, shmfd);
399 	if (error)
400 		return (error);
401 #endif
402 
403 	/*
404 	 * Attempt to return sanish values for fstat() on a memory file
405 	 * descriptor.
406 	 */
407 	bzero(sb, sizeof(*sb));
408 	sb->st_blksize = PAGE_SIZE;
409 	sb->st_size = shmfd->shm_size;
410 	sb->st_blocks = howmany(sb->st_size, sb->st_blksize);
411 	mtx_lock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
412 	sb->st_atim = shmfd->shm_atime;
413 	sb->st_ctim = shmfd->shm_ctime;
414 	sb->st_mtim = shmfd->shm_mtime;
415 	sb->st_birthtim = shmfd->shm_birthtime;
416 	sb->st_mode = S_IFREG | shmfd->shm_mode;		/* XXX */
417 	sb->st_uid = shmfd->shm_uid;
418 	sb->st_gid = shmfd->shm_gid;
419 	mtx_unlock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
420 	sb->st_dev = shm_dev_ino;
421 	sb->st_ino = shmfd->shm_ino;
422 
423 	return (0);
424 }
425 
426 static int
427 shm_close(struct file *fp, struct thread *td)
428 {
429 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
430 
431 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
432 	fp->f_data = NULL;
433 	shm_drop(shmfd);
434 
435 	return (0);
436 }
437 
438 int
439 shm_dotruncate(struct shmfd *shmfd, off_t length)
440 {
441 	vm_object_t object;
442 	vm_page_t m;
443 	vm_pindex_t idx, nobjsize;
444 	vm_ooffset_t delta;
445 	int base, rv;
446 
447 	KASSERT(length >= 0, ("shm_dotruncate: length < 0"));
448 	object = shmfd->shm_object;
449 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(object);
450 	if (length == shmfd->shm_size) {
451 		VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
452 		return (0);
453 	}
454 	nobjsize = OFF_TO_IDX(length + PAGE_MASK);
455 
456 	/* Are we shrinking?  If so, trim the end. */
457 	if (length < shmfd->shm_size) {
458 		/*
459 		 * Disallow any requests to shrink the size if this
460 		 * object is mapped into the kernel.
461 		 */
462 		if (shmfd->shm_kmappings > 0) {
463 			VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
464 			return (EBUSY);
465 		}
466 
467 		/*
468 		 * Zero the truncated part of the last page.
469 		 */
470 		base = length & PAGE_MASK;
471 		if (base != 0) {
472 			idx = OFF_TO_IDX(length);
473 retry:
474 			m = vm_page_lookup(object, idx);
475 			if (m != NULL) {
476 				if (vm_page_sleep_if_busy(m, "shmtrc"))
477 					goto retry;
478 			} else if (vm_pager_has_page(object, idx, NULL, NULL)) {
479 				m = vm_page_alloc(object, idx,
480 				    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_WAITFAIL);
481 				if (m == NULL)
482 					goto retry;
483 				rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, &m, 1, NULL,
484 				    NULL);
485 				vm_page_lock(m);
486 				if (rv == VM_PAGER_OK) {
487 					/*
488 					 * Since the page was not resident,
489 					 * and therefore not recently
490 					 * accessed, immediately enqueue it
491 					 * for asynchronous laundering.  The
492 					 * current operation is not regarded
493 					 * as an access.
494 					 */
495 					vm_page_launder(m);
496 					vm_page_unlock(m);
497 					vm_page_xunbusy(m);
498 				} else {
499 					vm_page_free(m);
500 					vm_page_unlock(m);
501 					VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
502 					return (EIO);
503 				}
504 			}
505 			if (m != NULL) {
506 				pmap_zero_page_area(m, base, PAGE_SIZE - base);
507 				KASSERT(m->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
508 				    ("shm_dotruncate: page %p is invalid", m));
509 				vm_page_dirty(m);
510 				vm_pager_page_unswapped(m);
511 			}
512 		}
513 		delta = IDX_TO_OFF(object->size - nobjsize);
514 
515 		/* Toss in memory pages. */
516 		if (nobjsize < object->size)
517 			vm_object_page_remove(object, nobjsize, object->size,
518 			    0);
519 
520 		/* Toss pages from swap. */
521 		if (object->type == OBJT_SWAP)
522 			swap_pager_freespace(object, nobjsize, delta);
523 
524 		/* Free the swap accounted for shm */
525 		swap_release_by_cred(delta, object->cred);
526 		object->charge -= delta;
527 	} else {
528 		/* Try to reserve additional swap space. */
529 		delta = IDX_TO_OFF(nobjsize - object->size);
530 		if (!swap_reserve_by_cred(delta, object->cred)) {
531 			VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
532 			return (ENOMEM);
533 		}
534 		object->charge += delta;
535 	}
536 	shmfd->shm_size = length;
537 	mtx_lock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
538 	vfs_timestamp(&shmfd->shm_ctime);
539 	shmfd->shm_mtime = shmfd->shm_ctime;
540 	mtx_unlock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
541 	object->size = nobjsize;
542 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(object);
543 	return (0);
544 }
545 
546 /*
547  * shmfd object management including creation and reference counting
548  * routines.
549  */
550 struct shmfd *
551 shm_alloc(struct ucred *ucred, mode_t mode)
552 {
553 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
554 
555 	shmfd = malloc(sizeof(*shmfd), M_SHMFD, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
556 	shmfd->shm_size = 0;
557 	shmfd->shm_uid = ucred->cr_uid;
558 	shmfd->shm_gid = ucred->cr_gid;
559 	shmfd->shm_mode = mode;
560 	shmfd->shm_object = vm_pager_allocate(OBJT_DEFAULT, NULL,
561 	    shmfd->shm_size, VM_PROT_DEFAULT, 0, ucred);
562 	KASSERT(shmfd->shm_object != NULL, ("shm_create: vm_pager_allocate"));
563 	shmfd->shm_object->pg_color = 0;
564 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(shmfd->shm_object);
565 	vm_object_clear_flag(shmfd->shm_object, OBJ_ONEMAPPING);
566 	vm_object_set_flag(shmfd->shm_object, OBJ_COLORED | OBJ_NOSPLIT);
567 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(shmfd->shm_object);
568 	vfs_timestamp(&shmfd->shm_birthtime);
569 	shmfd->shm_atime = shmfd->shm_mtime = shmfd->shm_ctime =
570 	    shmfd->shm_birthtime;
571 	shmfd->shm_ino = alloc_unr64(&shm_ino_unr);
572 	refcount_init(&shmfd->shm_refs, 1);
573 	mtx_init(&shmfd->shm_mtx, "shmrl", NULL, MTX_DEF);
574 	rangelock_init(&shmfd->shm_rl);
575 #ifdef MAC
576 	mac_posixshm_init(shmfd);
577 	mac_posixshm_create(ucred, shmfd);
578 #endif
579 
580 	return (shmfd);
581 }
582 
583 struct shmfd *
584 shm_hold(struct shmfd *shmfd)
585 {
586 
587 	refcount_acquire(&shmfd->shm_refs);
588 	return (shmfd);
589 }
590 
591 void
592 shm_drop(struct shmfd *shmfd)
593 {
594 
595 	if (refcount_release(&shmfd->shm_refs)) {
596 #ifdef MAC
597 		mac_posixshm_destroy(shmfd);
598 #endif
599 		rangelock_destroy(&shmfd->shm_rl);
600 		mtx_destroy(&shmfd->shm_mtx);
601 		vm_object_deallocate(shmfd->shm_object);
602 		free(shmfd, M_SHMFD);
603 	}
604 }
605 
606 /*
607  * Determine if the credentials have sufficient permissions for a
608  * specified combination of FREAD and FWRITE.
609  */
610 int
611 shm_access(struct shmfd *shmfd, struct ucred *ucred, int flags)
612 {
613 	accmode_t accmode;
614 	int error;
615 
616 	accmode = 0;
617 	if (flags & FREAD)
618 		accmode |= VREAD;
619 	if (flags & FWRITE)
620 		accmode |= VWRITE;
621 	mtx_lock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
622 	error = vaccess(VREG, shmfd->shm_mode, shmfd->shm_uid, shmfd->shm_gid,
623 	    accmode, ucred, NULL);
624 	mtx_unlock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
625 	return (error);
626 }
627 
628 /*
629  * Dictionary management.  We maintain an in-kernel dictionary to map
630  * paths to shmfd objects.  We use the FNV hash on the path to store
631  * the mappings in a hash table.
632  */
633 static void
634 shm_init(void *arg)
635 {
636 
637 	mtx_init(&shm_timestamp_lock, "shm timestamps", NULL, MTX_DEF);
638 	sx_init(&shm_dict_lock, "shm dictionary");
639 	shm_dictionary = hashinit(1024, M_SHMFD, &shm_hash);
640 	new_unrhdr64(&shm_ino_unr, 1);
641 	shm_dev_ino = devfs_alloc_cdp_inode();
642 	KASSERT(shm_dev_ino > 0, ("shm dev inode not initialized"));
643 }
644 SYSINIT(shm_init, SI_SUB_SYSV_SHM, SI_ORDER_ANY, shm_init, NULL);
645 
646 static struct shmfd *
647 shm_lookup(char *path, Fnv32_t fnv)
648 {
649 	struct shm_mapping *map;
650 
651 	LIST_FOREACH(map, SHM_HASH(fnv), sm_link) {
652 		if (map->sm_fnv != fnv)
653 			continue;
654 		if (strcmp(map->sm_path, path) == 0)
655 			return (map->sm_shmfd);
656 	}
657 
658 	return (NULL);
659 }
660 
661 static void
662 shm_insert(char *path, Fnv32_t fnv, struct shmfd *shmfd)
663 {
664 	struct shm_mapping *map;
665 
666 	map = malloc(sizeof(struct shm_mapping), M_SHMFD, M_WAITOK);
667 	map->sm_path = path;
668 	map->sm_fnv = fnv;
669 	map->sm_shmfd = shm_hold(shmfd);
670 	shmfd->shm_path = path;
671 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(SHM_HASH(fnv), map, sm_link);
672 }
673 
674 static int
675 shm_remove(char *path, Fnv32_t fnv, struct ucred *ucred)
676 {
677 	struct shm_mapping *map;
678 	int error;
679 
680 	LIST_FOREACH(map, SHM_HASH(fnv), sm_link) {
681 		if (map->sm_fnv != fnv)
682 			continue;
683 		if (strcmp(map->sm_path, path) == 0) {
684 #ifdef MAC
685 			error = mac_posixshm_check_unlink(ucred, map->sm_shmfd);
686 			if (error)
687 				return (error);
688 #endif
689 			error = shm_access(map->sm_shmfd, ucred,
690 			    FREAD | FWRITE);
691 			if (error)
692 				return (error);
693 			map->sm_shmfd->shm_path = NULL;
694 			LIST_REMOVE(map, sm_link);
695 			shm_drop(map->sm_shmfd);
696 			free(map->sm_path, M_SHMFD);
697 			free(map, M_SHMFD);
698 			return (0);
699 		}
700 	}
701 
702 	return (ENOENT);
703 }
704 
705 int
706 kern_shm_open(struct thread *td, const char *userpath, int flags, mode_t mode,
707     struct filecaps *fcaps)
708 {
709 	struct filedesc *fdp;
710 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
711 	struct file *fp;
712 	char *path;
713 	const char *pr_path;
714 	size_t pr_pathlen;
715 	Fnv32_t fnv;
716 	mode_t cmode;
717 	int fd, error;
718 
719 #ifdef CAPABILITY_MODE
720 	/*
721 	 * shm_open(2) is only allowed for anonymous objects.
722 	 */
723 	if (IN_CAPABILITY_MODE(td) && (userpath != SHM_ANON))
724 		return (ECAPMODE);
725 #endif
726 
727 	AUDIT_ARG_FFLAGS(flags);
728 	AUDIT_ARG_MODE(mode);
729 
730 	if ((flags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY && (flags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDWR)
731 		return (EINVAL);
732 
733 	if ((flags & ~(O_ACCMODE | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC)) != 0)
734 		return (EINVAL);
735 
736 	fdp = td->td_proc->p_fd;
737 	cmode = (mode & ~fdp->fd_cmask) & ACCESSPERMS;
738 
739 	error = falloc_caps(td, &fp, &fd, O_CLOEXEC, fcaps);
740 	if (error)
741 		return (error);
742 
743 	/* A SHM_ANON path pointer creates an anonymous object. */
744 	if (userpath == SHM_ANON) {
745 		/* A read-only anonymous object is pointless. */
746 		if ((flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY) {
747 			fdclose(td, fp, fd);
748 			fdrop(fp, td);
749 			return (EINVAL);
750 		}
751 		shmfd = shm_alloc(td->td_ucred, cmode);
752 	} else {
753 		path = malloc(MAXPATHLEN, M_SHMFD, M_WAITOK);
754 		pr_path = td->td_ucred->cr_prison->pr_path;
755 
756 		/* Construct a full pathname for jailed callers. */
757 		pr_pathlen = strcmp(pr_path, "/") == 0 ? 0
758 		    : strlcpy(path, pr_path, MAXPATHLEN);
759 		error = copyinstr(userpath, path + pr_pathlen,
760 		    MAXPATHLEN - pr_pathlen, NULL);
761 #ifdef KTRACE
762 		if (error == 0 && KTRPOINT(curthread, KTR_NAMEI))
763 			ktrnamei(path);
764 #endif
765 		/* Require paths to start with a '/' character. */
766 		if (error == 0 && path[pr_pathlen] != '/')
767 			error = EINVAL;
768 		if (error) {
769 			fdclose(td, fp, fd);
770 			fdrop(fp, td);
771 			free(path, M_SHMFD);
772 			return (error);
773 		}
774 
775 		AUDIT_ARG_UPATH1_CANON(path);
776 		fnv = fnv_32_str(path, FNV1_32_INIT);
777 		sx_xlock(&shm_dict_lock);
778 		shmfd = shm_lookup(path, fnv);
779 		if (shmfd == NULL) {
780 			/* Object does not yet exist, create it if requested. */
781 			if (flags & O_CREAT) {
782 #ifdef MAC
783 				error = mac_posixshm_check_create(td->td_ucred,
784 				    path);
785 				if (error == 0) {
786 #endif
787 					shmfd = shm_alloc(td->td_ucred, cmode);
788 					shm_insert(path, fnv, shmfd);
789 #ifdef MAC
790 				}
791 #endif
792 			} else {
793 				free(path, M_SHMFD);
794 				error = ENOENT;
795 			}
796 		} else {
797 			/*
798 			 * Object already exists, obtain a new
799 			 * reference if requested and permitted.
800 			 */
801 			free(path, M_SHMFD);
802 			if ((flags & (O_CREAT | O_EXCL)) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL))
803 				error = EEXIST;
804 			else {
805 #ifdef MAC
806 				error = mac_posixshm_check_open(td->td_ucred,
807 				    shmfd, FFLAGS(flags & O_ACCMODE));
808 				if (error == 0)
809 #endif
810 				error = shm_access(shmfd, td->td_ucred,
811 				    FFLAGS(flags & O_ACCMODE));
812 			}
813 
814 			/*
815 			 * Truncate the file back to zero length if
816 			 * O_TRUNC was specified and the object was
817 			 * opened with read/write.
818 			 */
819 			if (error == 0 &&
820 			    (flags & (O_ACCMODE | O_TRUNC)) ==
821 			    (O_RDWR | O_TRUNC)) {
822 #ifdef MAC
823 				error = mac_posixshm_check_truncate(
824 					td->td_ucred, fp->f_cred, shmfd);
825 				if (error == 0)
826 #endif
827 					shm_dotruncate(shmfd, 0);
828 			}
829 			if (error == 0)
830 				shm_hold(shmfd);
831 		}
832 		sx_xunlock(&shm_dict_lock);
833 
834 		if (error) {
835 			fdclose(td, fp, fd);
836 			fdrop(fp, td);
837 			return (error);
838 		}
839 	}
840 
841 	finit(fp, FFLAGS(flags & O_ACCMODE), DTYPE_SHM, shmfd, &shm_ops);
842 
843 	td->td_retval[0] = fd;
844 	fdrop(fp, td);
845 
846 	return (0);
847 }
848 
849 /* System calls. */
850 int
851 sys_shm_open(struct thread *td, struct shm_open_args *uap)
852 {
853 
854 	return (kern_shm_open(td, uap->path, uap->flags, uap->mode, NULL));
855 }
856 
857 int
858 sys_shm_unlink(struct thread *td, struct shm_unlink_args *uap)
859 {
860 	char *path;
861 	const char *pr_path;
862 	size_t pr_pathlen;
863 	Fnv32_t fnv;
864 	int error;
865 
866 	path = malloc(MAXPATHLEN, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
867 	pr_path = td->td_ucred->cr_prison->pr_path;
868 	pr_pathlen = strcmp(pr_path, "/") == 0 ? 0
869 	    : strlcpy(path, pr_path, MAXPATHLEN);
870 	error = copyinstr(uap->path, path + pr_pathlen, MAXPATHLEN - pr_pathlen,
871 	    NULL);
872 	if (error) {
873 		free(path, M_TEMP);
874 		return (error);
875 	}
876 #ifdef KTRACE
877 	if (KTRPOINT(curthread, KTR_NAMEI))
878 		ktrnamei(path);
879 #endif
880 	AUDIT_ARG_UPATH1_CANON(path);
881 	fnv = fnv_32_str(path, FNV1_32_INIT);
882 	sx_xlock(&shm_dict_lock);
883 	error = shm_remove(path, fnv, td->td_ucred);
884 	sx_xunlock(&shm_dict_lock);
885 	free(path, M_TEMP);
886 
887 	return (error);
888 }
889 
890 int
891 shm_mmap(struct file *fp, vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t *addr, vm_size_t objsize,
892     vm_prot_t prot, vm_prot_t cap_maxprot, int flags,
893     vm_ooffset_t foff, struct thread *td)
894 {
895 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
896 	vm_prot_t maxprot;
897 	int error;
898 
899 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
900 	maxprot = VM_PROT_NONE;
901 
902 	/* FREAD should always be set. */
903 	if ((fp->f_flag & FREAD) != 0)
904 		maxprot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE | VM_PROT_READ;
905 	if ((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) != 0)
906 		maxprot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
907 
908 	/* Don't permit shared writable mappings on read-only descriptors. */
909 	if ((flags & MAP_SHARED) != 0 &&
910 	    (maxprot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0 &&
911 	    (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0)
912 		return (EACCES);
913 	maxprot &= cap_maxprot;
914 
915 	/* See comment in vn_mmap(). */
916 	if (
917 #ifdef _LP64
918 	    objsize > OFF_MAX ||
919 #endif
920 	    foff < 0 || foff > OFF_MAX - objsize)
921 		return (EINVAL);
922 
923 #ifdef MAC
924 	error = mac_posixshm_check_mmap(td->td_ucred, shmfd, prot, flags);
925 	if (error != 0)
926 		return (error);
927 #endif
928 
929 	mtx_lock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
930 	vfs_timestamp(&shmfd->shm_atime);
931 	mtx_unlock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
932 	vm_object_reference(shmfd->shm_object);
933 
934 	error = vm_mmap_object(map, addr, objsize, prot, maxprot, flags,
935 	    shmfd->shm_object, foff, FALSE, td);
936 	if (error != 0)
937 		vm_object_deallocate(shmfd->shm_object);
938 	return (error);
939 }
940 
941 static int
942 shm_chmod(struct file *fp, mode_t mode, struct ucred *active_cred,
943     struct thread *td)
944 {
945 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
946 	int error;
947 
948 	error = 0;
949 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
950 	mtx_lock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
951 	/*
952 	 * SUSv4 says that x bits of permission need not be affected.
953 	 * Be consistent with our shm_open there.
954 	 */
955 #ifdef MAC
956 	error = mac_posixshm_check_setmode(active_cred, shmfd, mode);
957 	if (error != 0)
958 		goto out;
959 #endif
960 	error = vaccess(VREG, shmfd->shm_mode, shmfd->shm_uid,
961 	    shmfd->shm_gid, VADMIN, active_cred, NULL);
962 	if (error != 0)
963 		goto out;
964 	shmfd->shm_mode = mode & ACCESSPERMS;
965 out:
966 	mtx_unlock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
967 	return (error);
968 }
969 
970 static int
971 shm_chown(struct file *fp, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, struct ucred *active_cred,
972     struct thread *td)
973 {
974 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
975 	int error;
976 
977 	error = 0;
978 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
979 	mtx_lock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
980 #ifdef MAC
981 	error = mac_posixshm_check_setowner(active_cred, shmfd, uid, gid);
982 	if (error != 0)
983 		goto out;
984 #endif
985 	if (uid == (uid_t)-1)
986 		uid = shmfd->shm_uid;
987 	if (gid == (gid_t)-1)
988                  gid = shmfd->shm_gid;
989 	if (((uid != shmfd->shm_uid && uid != active_cred->cr_uid) ||
990 	    (gid != shmfd->shm_gid && !groupmember(gid, active_cred))) &&
991 	    (error = priv_check_cred(active_cred, PRIV_VFS_CHOWN)))
992 		goto out;
993 	shmfd->shm_uid = uid;
994 	shmfd->shm_gid = gid;
995 out:
996 	mtx_unlock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
997 	return (error);
998 }
999 
1000 /*
1001  * Helper routines to allow the backing object of a shared memory file
1002  * descriptor to be mapped in the kernel.
1003  */
1004 int
1005 shm_map(struct file *fp, size_t size, off_t offset, void **memp)
1006 {
1007 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
1008 	vm_offset_t kva, ofs;
1009 	vm_object_t obj;
1010 	int rv;
1011 
1012 	if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_SHM)
1013 		return (EINVAL);
1014 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
1015 	obj = shmfd->shm_object;
1016 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(obj);
1017 	/*
1018 	 * XXXRW: This validation is probably insufficient, and subject to
1019 	 * sign errors.  It should be fixed.
1020 	 */
1021 	if (offset >= shmfd->shm_size ||
1022 	    offset + size > round_page(shmfd->shm_size)) {
1023 		VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
1024 		return (EINVAL);
1025 	}
1026 
1027 	shmfd->shm_kmappings++;
1028 	vm_object_reference_locked(obj);
1029 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
1030 
1031 	/* Map the object into the kernel_map and wire it. */
1032 	kva = vm_map_min(kernel_map);
1033 	ofs = offset & PAGE_MASK;
1034 	offset = trunc_page(offset);
1035 	size = round_page(size + ofs);
1036 	rv = vm_map_find(kernel_map, obj, offset, &kva, size, 0,
1037 	    VMFS_OPTIMAL_SPACE, VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
1038 	    VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE, 0);
1039 	if (rv == KERN_SUCCESS) {
1040 		rv = vm_map_wire(kernel_map, kva, kva + size,
1041 		    VM_MAP_WIRE_SYSTEM | VM_MAP_WIRE_NOHOLES);
1042 		if (rv == KERN_SUCCESS) {
1043 			*memp = (void *)(kva + ofs);
1044 			return (0);
1045 		}
1046 		vm_map_remove(kernel_map, kva, kva + size);
1047 	} else
1048 		vm_object_deallocate(obj);
1049 
1050 	/* On failure, drop our mapping reference. */
1051 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(obj);
1052 	shmfd->shm_kmappings--;
1053 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
1054 
1055 	return (vm_mmap_to_errno(rv));
1056 }
1057 
1058 /*
1059  * We require the caller to unmap the entire entry.  This allows us to
1060  * safely decrement shm_kmappings when a mapping is removed.
1061  */
1062 int
1063 shm_unmap(struct file *fp, void *mem, size_t size)
1064 {
1065 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
1066 	vm_map_entry_t entry;
1067 	vm_offset_t kva, ofs;
1068 	vm_object_t obj;
1069 	vm_pindex_t pindex;
1070 	vm_prot_t prot;
1071 	boolean_t wired;
1072 	vm_map_t map;
1073 	int rv;
1074 
1075 	if (fp->f_type != DTYPE_SHM)
1076 		return (EINVAL);
1077 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
1078 	kva = (vm_offset_t)mem;
1079 	ofs = kva & PAGE_MASK;
1080 	kva = trunc_page(kva);
1081 	size = round_page(size + ofs);
1082 	map = kernel_map;
1083 	rv = vm_map_lookup(&map, kva, VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE, &entry,
1084 	    &obj, &pindex, &prot, &wired);
1085 	if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS)
1086 		return (EINVAL);
1087 	if (entry->start != kva || entry->end != kva + size) {
1088 		vm_map_lookup_done(map, entry);
1089 		return (EINVAL);
1090 	}
1091 	vm_map_lookup_done(map, entry);
1092 	if (obj != shmfd->shm_object)
1093 		return (EINVAL);
1094 	vm_map_remove(map, kva, kva + size);
1095 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(obj);
1096 	KASSERT(shmfd->shm_kmappings > 0, ("shm_unmap: object not mapped"));
1097 	shmfd->shm_kmappings--;
1098 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
1099 	return (0);
1100 }
1101 
1102 static int
1103 shm_fill_kinfo(struct file *fp, struct kinfo_file *kif, struct filedesc *fdp)
1104 {
1105 	const char *path, *pr_path;
1106 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
1107 	size_t pr_pathlen;
1108 
1109 	kif->kf_type = KF_TYPE_SHM;
1110 	shmfd = fp->f_data;
1111 
1112 	mtx_lock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
1113 	kif->kf_un.kf_file.kf_file_mode = S_IFREG | shmfd->shm_mode;	/* XXX */
1114 	mtx_unlock(&shm_timestamp_lock);
1115 	kif->kf_un.kf_file.kf_file_size = shmfd->shm_size;
1116 	if (shmfd->shm_path != NULL) {
1117 		sx_slock(&shm_dict_lock);
1118 		if (shmfd->shm_path != NULL) {
1119 			path = shmfd->shm_path;
1120 			pr_path = curthread->td_ucred->cr_prison->pr_path;
1121 			if (strcmp(pr_path, "/") != 0) {
1122 				/* Return the jail-rooted pathname. */
1123 				pr_pathlen = strlen(pr_path);
1124 				if (strncmp(path, pr_path, pr_pathlen) == 0 &&
1125 				    path[pr_pathlen] == '/')
1126 					path += pr_pathlen;
1127 			}
1128 			strlcpy(kif->kf_path, path, sizeof(kif->kf_path));
1129 		}
1130 		sx_sunlock(&shm_dict_lock);
1131 	}
1132 	return (0);
1133 }
1134