1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 2014 Andrew Turner 3 * Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Ruslan Bukin <br@bsdpad.com> 4 * All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * Portions of this software were developed by SRI International and the 7 * University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory under DARPA/AFRL contract 8 * FA8750-10-C-0237 ("CTSRD"), as part of the DARPA CRASH research programme. 9 * 10 * Portions of this software were developed by the University of Cambridge 11 * Computer Laboratory as part of the CTSRD Project, with support from the 12 * UK Higher Education Innovation Fund (HEIF). 13 * 14 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 15 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 16 * are met: 17 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 19 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 20 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 21 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 22 * 23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33 * SUCH DAMAGE. 34 */ 35 36 #include "opt_platform.h" 37 38 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 39 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 40 41 #include <sys/param.h> 42 #include <sys/systm.h> 43 #include <sys/boot.h> 44 #include <sys/buf.h> 45 #include <sys/bus.h> 46 #include <sys/cons.h> 47 #include <sys/cpu.h> 48 #include <sys/devmap.h> 49 #include <sys/exec.h> 50 #include <sys/imgact.h> 51 #include <sys/kdb.h> 52 #include <sys/kernel.h> 53 #include <sys/ktr.h> 54 #include <sys/limits.h> 55 #include <sys/linker.h> 56 #include <sys/msgbuf.h> 57 #include <sys/pcpu.h> 58 #include <sys/physmem.h> 59 #include <sys/proc.h> 60 #include <sys/ptrace.h> 61 #include <sys/reboot.h> 62 #include <sys/reg.h> 63 #include <sys/rwlock.h> 64 #include <sys/sched.h> 65 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 66 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h> 67 #include <sys/sysent.h> 68 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 69 #include <sys/tslog.h> 70 #include <sys/ucontext.h> 71 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 72 73 #include <vm/vm.h> 74 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 75 #include <vm/vm_kern.h> 76 #include <vm/vm_object.h> 77 #include <vm/vm_page.h> 78 #include <vm/vm_phys.h> 79 #include <vm/pmap.h> 80 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 81 #include <vm/vm_pager.h> 82 83 #include <machine/cpu.h> 84 #include <machine/intr.h> 85 #include <machine/kdb.h> 86 #include <machine/machdep.h> 87 #include <machine/metadata.h> 88 #include <machine/pcb.h> 89 #include <machine/pte.h> 90 #include <machine/riscvreg.h> 91 #include <machine/sbi.h> 92 #include <machine/trap.h> 93 #include <machine/vmparam.h> 94 95 #ifdef FPE 96 #include <machine/fpe.h> 97 #endif 98 99 #ifdef FDT 100 #include <contrib/libfdt/libfdt.h> 101 #include <dev/fdt/fdt_common.h> 102 #include <dev/ofw/openfirm.h> 103 #endif 104 105 struct pcpu __pcpu[MAXCPU]; 106 107 static struct trapframe proc0_tf; 108 109 int early_boot = 1; 110 int cold = 1; 111 112 #define DTB_SIZE_MAX (1024 * 1024) 113 114 vm_paddr_t physmap[PHYS_AVAIL_ENTRIES]; 115 u_int physmap_idx; 116 117 struct kva_md_info kmi; 118 119 int64_t dcache_line_size; /* The minimum D cache line size */ 120 int64_t icache_line_size; /* The minimum I cache line size */ 121 int64_t idcache_line_size; /* The minimum cache line size */ 122 123 #define BOOT_HART_INVALID 0xffffffff 124 uint32_t boot_hart = BOOT_HART_INVALID; /* The hart we booted on. */ 125 126 cpuset_t all_harts; 127 128 extern int *end; 129 130 static char static_kenv[PAGE_SIZE]; 131 132 static void 133 cpu_startup(void *dummy) 134 { 135 136 sbi_print_version(); 137 identify_cpu(); 138 139 printf("real memory = %ju (%ju MB)\n", ptoa((uintmax_t)realmem), 140 ptoa((uintmax_t)realmem) / (1024 * 1024)); 141 142 /* 143 * Display any holes after the first chunk of extended memory. 144 */ 145 if (bootverbose) { 146 int indx; 147 148 printf("Physical memory chunk(s):\n"); 149 for (indx = 0; phys_avail[indx + 1] != 0; indx += 2) { 150 vm_paddr_t size; 151 152 size = phys_avail[indx + 1] - phys_avail[indx]; 153 printf( 154 "0x%016jx - 0x%016jx, %ju bytes (%ju pages)\n", 155 (uintmax_t)phys_avail[indx], 156 (uintmax_t)phys_avail[indx + 1] - 1, 157 (uintmax_t)size, (uintmax_t)size / PAGE_SIZE); 158 } 159 } 160 161 vm_ksubmap_init(&kmi); 162 163 printf("avail memory = %ju (%ju MB)\n", 164 ptoa((uintmax_t)vm_free_count()), 165 ptoa((uintmax_t)vm_free_count()) / (1024 * 1024)); 166 if (bootverbose) 167 devmap_print_table(); 168 169 bufinit(); 170 vm_pager_bufferinit(); 171 } 172 173 SYSINIT(cpu, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_FIRST, cpu_startup, NULL); 174 175 int 176 cpu_idle_wakeup(int cpu) 177 { 178 179 return (0); 180 } 181 182 void 183 cpu_idle(int busy) 184 { 185 186 spinlock_enter(); 187 if (!busy) 188 cpu_idleclock(); 189 if (!sched_runnable()) 190 __asm __volatile( 191 "fence \n" 192 "wfi \n"); 193 if (!busy) 194 cpu_activeclock(); 195 spinlock_exit(); 196 } 197 198 void 199 cpu_halt(void) 200 { 201 202 /* 203 * Try to power down using the HSM SBI extension and fall back to a 204 * simple wfi loop. 205 */ 206 intr_disable(); 207 if (sbi_probe_extension(SBI_EXT_ID_HSM) != 0) 208 sbi_hsm_hart_stop(); 209 for (;;) 210 __asm __volatile("wfi"); 211 /* NOTREACHED */ 212 } 213 214 /* 215 * Flush the D-cache for non-DMA I/O so that the I-cache can 216 * be made coherent later. 217 */ 218 void 219 cpu_flush_dcache(void *ptr, size_t len) 220 { 221 222 /* TBD */ 223 } 224 225 /* Get current clock frequency for the given CPU ID. */ 226 int 227 cpu_est_clockrate(int cpu_id, uint64_t *rate) 228 { 229 230 panic("cpu_est_clockrate"); 231 } 232 233 void 234 cpu_pcpu_init(struct pcpu *pcpu, int cpuid, size_t size) 235 { 236 } 237 238 void 239 spinlock_enter(void) 240 { 241 struct thread *td; 242 register_t reg; 243 244 td = curthread; 245 if (td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0) { 246 reg = intr_disable(); 247 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count = 1; 248 td->td_md.md_saved_sstatus_ie = reg; 249 critical_enter(); 250 } else 251 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count++; 252 } 253 254 void 255 spinlock_exit(void) 256 { 257 struct thread *td; 258 register_t sstatus_ie; 259 260 td = curthread; 261 sstatus_ie = td->td_md.md_saved_sstatus_ie; 262 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count--; 263 if (td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0) { 264 critical_exit(); 265 intr_restore(sstatus_ie); 266 } 267 } 268 269 /* 270 * Construct a PCB from a trapframe. This is called from kdb_trap() where 271 * we want to start a backtrace from the function that caused us to enter 272 * the debugger. We have the context in the trapframe, but base the trace 273 * on the PCB. The PCB doesn't have to be perfect, as long as it contains 274 * enough for a backtrace. 275 */ 276 void 277 makectx(struct trapframe *tf, struct pcb *pcb) 278 { 279 280 memcpy(pcb->pcb_s, tf->tf_s, sizeof(tf->tf_s)); 281 282 pcb->pcb_ra = tf->tf_sepc; 283 pcb->pcb_sp = tf->tf_sp; 284 pcb->pcb_gp = tf->tf_gp; 285 pcb->pcb_tp = tf->tf_tp; 286 } 287 288 static void 289 init_proc0(vm_offset_t kstack) 290 { 291 struct pcpu *pcpup; 292 293 pcpup = &__pcpu[0]; 294 295 proc_linkup0(&proc0, &thread0); 296 thread0.td_kstack = kstack; 297 thread0.td_kstack_pages = KSTACK_PAGES; 298 thread0.td_pcb = (struct pcb *)(thread0.td_kstack + 299 thread0.td_kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE) - 1; 300 thread0.td_pcb->pcb_fpflags = 0; 301 thread0.td_frame = &proc0_tf; 302 pcpup->pc_curpcb = thread0.td_pcb; 303 } 304 305 #ifdef FDT 306 static void 307 try_load_dtb(caddr_t kmdp) 308 { 309 vm_offset_t dtbp; 310 311 dtbp = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_DTBP, vm_offset_t); 312 313 #if defined(FDT_DTB_STATIC) 314 /* 315 * In case the device tree blob was not retrieved (from metadata) try 316 * to use the statically embedded one. 317 */ 318 if (dtbp == (vm_offset_t)NULL) 319 dtbp = (vm_offset_t)&fdt_static_dtb; 320 #endif 321 322 if (dtbp == (vm_offset_t)NULL) { 323 printf("ERROR loading DTB\n"); 324 return; 325 } 326 327 if (OF_install(OFW_FDT, 0) == FALSE) 328 panic("Cannot install FDT"); 329 330 if (OF_init((void *)dtbp) != 0) 331 panic("OF_init failed with the found device tree"); 332 } 333 #endif 334 335 static void 336 cache_setup(void) 337 { 338 339 /* TODO */ 340 341 dcache_line_size = 0; 342 icache_line_size = 0; 343 idcache_line_size = 0; 344 } 345 346 /* 347 * Fake up a boot descriptor table. 348 */ 349 static void 350 fake_preload_metadata(struct riscv_bootparams *rvbp) 351 { 352 static uint32_t fake_preload[48]; 353 vm_offset_t lastaddr; 354 size_t fake_size, dtb_size; 355 356 #define PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(type, value) do { \ 357 *(type *)((char *)fake_preload + fake_size) = (value); \ 358 fake_size += sizeof(type); \ 359 } while (0) 360 361 #define PRELOAD_PUSH_STRING(str) do { \ 362 uint32_t ssize; \ 363 ssize = strlen(str) + 1; \ 364 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, ssize); \ 365 strcpy(((char *)fake_preload + fake_size), str); \ 366 fake_size += ssize; \ 367 fake_size = roundup(fake_size, sizeof(u_long)); \ 368 } while (0) 369 370 fake_size = 0; 371 lastaddr = (vm_offset_t)&end; 372 373 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_NAME); 374 PRELOAD_PUSH_STRING("kernel"); 375 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_TYPE); 376 PRELOAD_PUSH_STRING("elf kernel"); 377 378 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_ADDR); 379 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(vm_offset_t)); 380 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint64_t, KERNBASE); 381 382 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_SIZE); 383 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(size_t)); 384 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint64_t, (size_t)((vm_offset_t)&end - KERNBASE)); 385 386 /* Copy the DTB to KVA space. */ 387 lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr, sizeof(int)); 388 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_DTBP); 389 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(vm_offset_t)); 390 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(vm_offset_t, lastaddr); 391 dtb_size = fdt_totalsize(rvbp->dtbp_virt); 392 memmove((void *)lastaddr, (const void *)rvbp->dtbp_virt, dtb_size); 393 lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr + dtb_size, sizeof(int)); 394 395 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_KERNEND); 396 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(vm_offset_t)); 397 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(vm_offset_t, lastaddr); 398 399 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_HOWTO); 400 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(int)); 401 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(int, RB_VERBOSE); 402 403 /* End marker */ 404 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, 0); 405 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, 0); 406 preload_metadata = (caddr_t)fake_preload; 407 408 /* Check if bootloader clobbered part of the kernel with the DTB. */ 409 KASSERT(rvbp->dtbp_phys + dtb_size <= rvbp->kern_phys || 410 rvbp->dtbp_phys >= rvbp->kern_phys + (lastaddr - KERNBASE), 411 ("FDT (%lx-%lx) and kernel (%lx-%lx) overlap", rvbp->dtbp_phys, 412 rvbp->dtbp_phys + dtb_size, rvbp->kern_phys, 413 rvbp->kern_phys + (lastaddr - KERNBASE))); 414 KASSERT(fake_size < sizeof(fake_preload), 415 ("Too many fake_preload items")); 416 417 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE) 418 printf("FDT phys (%lx-%lx), kernel phys (%lx-%lx)\n", 419 rvbp->dtbp_phys, rvbp->dtbp_phys + dtb_size, 420 rvbp->kern_phys, rvbp->kern_phys + (lastaddr - KERNBASE)); 421 } 422 423 /* Support for FDT configurations only. */ 424 CTASSERT(FDT); 425 426 #ifdef FDT 427 static void 428 parse_fdt_bootargs(void) 429 { 430 char bootargs[512]; 431 432 bootargs[sizeof(bootargs) - 1] = '\0'; 433 if (fdt_get_chosen_bootargs(bootargs, sizeof(bootargs) - 1) == 0) { 434 boothowto |= boot_parse_cmdline(bootargs); 435 } 436 } 437 #endif 438 439 static vm_offset_t 440 parse_metadata(void) 441 { 442 caddr_t kmdp; 443 vm_offset_t lastaddr; 444 #ifdef DDB 445 vm_offset_t ksym_start, ksym_end; 446 #endif 447 char *kern_envp; 448 449 /* Find the kernel address */ 450 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf kernel"); 451 if (kmdp == NULL) 452 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf64 kernel"); 453 KASSERT(kmdp != NULL, ("No preload metadata found!")); 454 455 /* Read the boot metadata */ 456 boothowto = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_HOWTO, int); 457 lastaddr = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_KERNEND, vm_offset_t); 458 kern_envp = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_ENVP, char *); 459 if (kern_envp != NULL) 460 init_static_kenv(kern_envp, 0); 461 else 462 init_static_kenv(static_kenv, sizeof(static_kenv)); 463 #ifdef DDB 464 ksym_start = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_SSYM, uintptr_t); 465 ksym_end = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_ESYM, uintptr_t); 466 db_fetch_ksymtab(ksym_start, ksym_end); 467 #endif 468 #ifdef FDT 469 try_load_dtb(kmdp); 470 if (kern_envp == NULL) 471 parse_fdt_bootargs(); 472 #endif 473 return (lastaddr); 474 } 475 476 void 477 initriscv(struct riscv_bootparams *rvbp) 478 { 479 struct mem_region mem_regions[FDT_MEM_REGIONS]; 480 struct pcpu *pcpup; 481 int mem_regions_sz; 482 vm_offset_t lastaddr; 483 vm_size_t kernlen; 484 #ifdef FDT 485 phandle_t chosen; 486 uint32_t hart; 487 #endif 488 char *env; 489 490 TSRAW(&thread0, TS_ENTER, __func__, NULL); 491 492 /* Set the pcpu data, this is needed by pmap_bootstrap */ 493 pcpup = &__pcpu[0]; 494 pcpu_init(pcpup, 0, sizeof(struct pcpu)); 495 496 /* Set the pcpu pointer */ 497 __asm __volatile("mv tp, %0" :: "r"(pcpup)); 498 499 PCPU_SET(curthread, &thread0); 500 501 /* Initialize SBI interface. */ 502 sbi_init(); 503 504 /* Parse the boot metadata. */ 505 if (rvbp->modulep != 0) { 506 preload_metadata = (caddr_t)rvbp->modulep; 507 } else { 508 fake_preload_metadata(rvbp); 509 } 510 lastaddr = parse_metadata(); 511 512 #ifdef FDT 513 /* 514 * Look for the boot hart ID. This was either passed in directly from 515 * the SBI firmware and handled by locore, or was stored in the device 516 * tree by an earlier boot stage. 517 */ 518 chosen = OF_finddevice("/chosen"); 519 if (OF_getencprop(chosen, "boot-hartid", &hart, sizeof(hart)) != -1) { 520 boot_hart = hart; 521 } 522 #endif 523 if (boot_hart == BOOT_HART_INVALID) { 524 panic("Boot hart ID was not properly set"); 525 } 526 pcpup->pc_hart = boot_hart; 527 528 #ifdef FDT 529 /* 530 * Exclude reserved memory specified by the device tree. Typically, 531 * this contains an entry for memory used by the runtime SBI firmware. 532 */ 533 if (fdt_get_reserved_mem(mem_regions, &mem_regions_sz) == 0) { 534 physmem_exclude_regions(mem_regions, mem_regions_sz, 535 EXFLAG_NODUMP | EXFLAG_NOALLOC); 536 } 537 538 /* Grab physical memory regions information from device tree. */ 539 if (fdt_get_mem_regions(mem_regions, &mem_regions_sz, NULL) != 0) { 540 panic("Cannot get physical memory regions"); 541 } 542 physmem_hardware_regions(mem_regions, mem_regions_sz); 543 #endif 544 545 /* Do basic tuning, hz etc */ 546 init_param1(); 547 548 cache_setup(); 549 550 /* Bootstrap enough of pmap to enter the kernel proper */ 551 kernlen = (lastaddr - KERNBASE); 552 pmap_bootstrap(rvbp->kern_l1pt, rvbp->kern_phys, kernlen); 553 554 #ifdef FDT 555 /* 556 * XXX: Exclude the lowest 2MB of physical memory, if it hasn't been 557 * already, as this area is assumed to contain the SBI firmware. This 558 * is a little fragile, but it is consistent with the platforms we 559 * support so far. 560 * 561 * TODO: remove this when the all regular booting methods properly 562 * report their reserved memory in the device tree. 563 */ 564 if (mem_regions[0].mr_start == physmap[0]) { 565 physmem_exclude_region(mem_regions[0].mr_start, L2_SIZE, 566 EXFLAG_NODUMP | EXFLAG_NOALLOC); 567 } 568 #endif 569 physmem_init_kernel_globals(); 570 571 /* Establish static device mappings */ 572 devmap_bootstrap(0, NULL); 573 574 cninit(); 575 576 /* 577 * Dump the boot metadata. We have to wait for cninit() since console 578 * output is required. If it's grossly incorrect the kernel will never 579 * make it this far. 580 */ 581 if (getenv_is_true("debug.dump_modinfo_at_boot")) 582 preload_dump(); 583 584 init_proc0(rvbp->kern_stack); 585 586 msgbufinit(msgbufp, msgbufsize); 587 mutex_init(); 588 init_param2(physmem); 589 kdb_init(); 590 #ifdef KDB 591 if ((boothowto & RB_KDB) != 0) 592 kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BOOTFLAGS, "Boot flags requested debugger"); 593 #endif 594 595 env = kern_getenv("kernelname"); 596 if (env != NULL) 597 strlcpy(kernelname, env, sizeof(kernelname)); 598 599 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE) 600 physmem_print_tables(); 601 602 early_boot = 0; 603 604 TSEXIT(); 605 } 606