1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 2014 Andrew Turner 3 * Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Ruslan Bukin <br@bsdpad.com> 4 * All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * Portions of this software were developed by SRI International and the 7 * University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory under DARPA/AFRL contract 8 * FA8750-10-C-0237 ("CTSRD"), as part of the DARPA CRASH research programme. 9 * 10 * Portions of this software were developed by the University of Cambridge 11 * Computer Laboratory as part of the CTSRD Project, with support from the 12 * UK Higher Education Innovation Fund (HEIF). 13 * 14 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 15 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 16 * are met: 17 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 19 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 20 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 21 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 22 * 23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33 * SUCH DAMAGE. 34 */ 35 36 #include "opt_platform.h" 37 38 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 39 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 40 41 #include <sys/param.h> 42 #include <sys/systm.h> 43 #include <sys/boot.h> 44 #include <sys/buf.h> 45 #include <sys/bus.h> 46 #include <sys/cons.h> 47 #include <sys/cpu.h> 48 #include <sys/devmap.h> 49 #include <sys/exec.h> 50 #include <sys/imgact.h> 51 #include <sys/kdb.h> 52 #include <sys/kernel.h> 53 #include <sys/ktr.h> 54 #include <sys/limits.h> 55 #include <sys/linker.h> 56 #include <sys/msgbuf.h> 57 #include <sys/pcpu.h> 58 #include <sys/physmem.h> 59 #include <sys/proc.h> 60 #include <sys/ptrace.h> 61 #include <sys/reboot.h> 62 #include <sys/reg.h> 63 #include <sys/rwlock.h> 64 #include <sys/sched.h> 65 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 66 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h> 67 #include <sys/sysent.h> 68 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 69 #include <sys/tslog.h> 70 #include <sys/ucontext.h> 71 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 72 73 #include <vm/vm.h> 74 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 75 #include <vm/vm_kern.h> 76 #include <vm/vm_object.h> 77 #include <vm/vm_page.h> 78 #include <vm/vm_phys.h> 79 #include <vm/pmap.h> 80 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 81 #include <vm/vm_pager.h> 82 83 #include <machine/cpu.h> 84 #include <machine/intr.h> 85 #include <machine/kdb.h> 86 #include <machine/machdep.h> 87 #include <machine/metadata.h> 88 #include <machine/pcb.h> 89 #include <machine/pte.h> 90 #include <machine/riscvreg.h> 91 #include <machine/sbi.h> 92 #include <machine/trap.h> 93 #include <machine/vmparam.h> 94 95 #ifdef FPE 96 #include <machine/fpe.h> 97 #endif 98 99 #ifdef FDT 100 #include <contrib/libfdt/libfdt.h> 101 #include <dev/fdt/fdt_common.h> 102 #include <dev/ofw/openfirm.h> 103 #endif 104 105 struct pcpu __pcpu[MAXCPU]; 106 107 static struct trapframe proc0_tf; 108 109 int early_boot = 1; 110 int cold = 1; 111 112 #define DTB_SIZE_MAX (1024 * 1024) 113 114 struct kva_md_info kmi; 115 116 int64_t dcache_line_size; /* The minimum D cache line size */ 117 int64_t icache_line_size; /* The minimum I cache line size */ 118 int64_t idcache_line_size; /* The minimum cache line size */ 119 120 #define BOOT_HART_INVALID 0xffffffff 121 uint32_t boot_hart = BOOT_HART_INVALID; /* The hart we booted on. */ 122 123 cpuset_t all_harts; 124 125 extern int *end; 126 127 static char static_kenv[PAGE_SIZE]; 128 129 static void 130 cpu_startup(void *dummy) 131 { 132 133 sbi_print_version(); 134 identify_cpu(); 135 136 printf("real memory = %ju (%ju MB)\n", ptoa((uintmax_t)realmem), 137 ptoa((uintmax_t)realmem) / (1024 * 1024)); 138 139 /* 140 * Display any holes after the first chunk of extended memory. 141 */ 142 if (bootverbose) { 143 int indx; 144 145 printf("Physical memory chunk(s):\n"); 146 for (indx = 0; phys_avail[indx + 1] != 0; indx += 2) { 147 vm_paddr_t size; 148 149 size = phys_avail[indx + 1] - phys_avail[indx]; 150 printf( 151 "0x%016jx - 0x%016jx, %ju bytes (%ju pages)\n", 152 (uintmax_t)phys_avail[indx], 153 (uintmax_t)phys_avail[indx + 1] - 1, 154 (uintmax_t)size, (uintmax_t)size / PAGE_SIZE); 155 } 156 } 157 158 vm_ksubmap_init(&kmi); 159 160 printf("avail memory = %ju (%ju MB)\n", 161 ptoa((uintmax_t)vm_free_count()), 162 ptoa((uintmax_t)vm_free_count()) / (1024 * 1024)); 163 if (bootverbose) 164 devmap_print_table(); 165 166 bufinit(); 167 vm_pager_bufferinit(); 168 } 169 170 SYSINIT(cpu, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_FIRST, cpu_startup, NULL); 171 172 int 173 cpu_idle_wakeup(int cpu) 174 { 175 176 return (0); 177 } 178 179 void 180 cpu_idle(int busy) 181 { 182 183 spinlock_enter(); 184 if (!busy) 185 cpu_idleclock(); 186 if (!sched_runnable()) 187 __asm __volatile( 188 "fence \n" 189 "wfi \n"); 190 if (!busy) 191 cpu_activeclock(); 192 spinlock_exit(); 193 } 194 195 void 196 cpu_halt(void) 197 { 198 199 /* 200 * Try to power down using the HSM SBI extension and fall back to a 201 * simple wfi loop. 202 */ 203 intr_disable(); 204 if (sbi_probe_extension(SBI_EXT_ID_HSM) != 0) 205 sbi_hsm_hart_stop(); 206 for (;;) 207 __asm __volatile("wfi"); 208 /* NOTREACHED */ 209 } 210 211 /* 212 * Flush the D-cache for non-DMA I/O so that the I-cache can 213 * be made coherent later. 214 */ 215 void 216 cpu_flush_dcache(void *ptr, size_t len) 217 { 218 219 /* TBD */ 220 } 221 222 /* Get current clock frequency for the given CPU ID. */ 223 int 224 cpu_est_clockrate(int cpu_id, uint64_t *rate) 225 { 226 227 panic("cpu_est_clockrate"); 228 } 229 230 void 231 cpu_pcpu_init(struct pcpu *pcpu, int cpuid, size_t size) 232 { 233 } 234 235 void 236 spinlock_enter(void) 237 { 238 struct thread *td; 239 register_t reg; 240 241 td = curthread; 242 if (td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0) { 243 reg = intr_disable(); 244 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count = 1; 245 td->td_md.md_saved_sstatus_ie = reg; 246 critical_enter(); 247 } else 248 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count++; 249 } 250 251 void 252 spinlock_exit(void) 253 { 254 struct thread *td; 255 register_t sstatus_ie; 256 257 td = curthread; 258 sstatus_ie = td->td_md.md_saved_sstatus_ie; 259 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count--; 260 if (td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0) { 261 critical_exit(); 262 intr_restore(sstatus_ie); 263 } 264 } 265 266 /* 267 * Construct a PCB from a trapframe. This is called from kdb_trap() where 268 * we want to start a backtrace from the function that caused us to enter 269 * the debugger. We have the context in the trapframe, but base the trace 270 * on the PCB. The PCB doesn't have to be perfect, as long as it contains 271 * enough for a backtrace. 272 */ 273 void 274 makectx(struct trapframe *tf, struct pcb *pcb) 275 { 276 277 memcpy(pcb->pcb_s, tf->tf_s, sizeof(tf->tf_s)); 278 279 pcb->pcb_ra = tf->tf_sepc; 280 pcb->pcb_sp = tf->tf_sp; 281 pcb->pcb_gp = tf->tf_gp; 282 pcb->pcb_tp = tf->tf_tp; 283 } 284 285 static void 286 init_proc0(vm_offset_t kstack) 287 { 288 struct pcpu *pcpup; 289 290 pcpup = &__pcpu[0]; 291 292 proc_linkup0(&proc0, &thread0); 293 thread0.td_kstack = kstack; 294 thread0.td_kstack_pages = kstack_pages; 295 thread0.td_pcb = (struct pcb *)(thread0.td_kstack + 296 thread0.td_kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE) - 1; 297 thread0.td_pcb->pcb_fpflags = 0; 298 thread0.td_frame = &proc0_tf; 299 pcpup->pc_curpcb = thread0.td_pcb; 300 } 301 302 #ifdef FDT 303 static void 304 try_load_dtb(caddr_t kmdp) 305 { 306 vm_offset_t dtbp; 307 308 dtbp = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_DTBP, vm_offset_t); 309 310 #if defined(FDT_DTB_STATIC) 311 /* 312 * In case the device tree blob was not retrieved (from metadata) try 313 * to use the statically embedded one. 314 */ 315 if (dtbp == (vm_offset_t)NULL) 316 dtbp = (vm_offset_t)&fdt_static_dtb; 317 #endif 318 319 if (dtbp == (vm_offset_t)NULL) { 320 printf("ERROR loading DTB\n"); 321 return; 322 } 323 324 if (OF_install(OFW_FDT, 0) == FALSE) 325 panic("Cannot install FDT"); 326 327 if (OF_init((void *)dtbp) != 0) 328 panic("OF_init failed with the found device tree"); 329 } 330 #endif 331 332 static void 333 cache_setup(void) 334 { 335 336 /* TODO */ 337 338 dcache_line_size = 0; 339 icache_line_size = 0; 340 idcache_line_size = 0; 341 } 342 343 /* 344 * Fake up a boot descriptor table. 345 */ 346 static void 347 fake_preload_metadata(struct riscv_bootparams *rvbp) 348 { 349 static uint32_t fake_preload[48]; 350 vm_offset_t lastaddr; 351 size_t fake_size, dtb_size; 352 353 #define PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(type, value) do { \ 354 *(type *)((char *)fake_preload + fake_size) = (value); \ 355 fake_size += sizeof(type); \ 356 } while (0) 357 358 #define PRELOAD_PUSH_STRING(str) do { \ 359 uint32_t ssize; \ 360 ssize = strlen(str) + 1; \ 361 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, ssize); \ 362 strcpy(((char *)fake_preload + fake_size), str); \ 363 fake_size += ssize; \ 364 fake_size = roundup(fake_size, sizeof(u_long)); \ 365 } while (0) 366 367 fake_size = 0; 368 lastaddr = (vm_offset_t)&end; 369 370 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_NAME); 371 PRELOAD_PUSH_STRING("kernel"); 372 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_TYPE); 373 PRELOAD_PUSH_STRING("elf kernel"); 374 375 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_ADDR); 376 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(vm_offset_t)); 377 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint64_t, KERNBASE); 378 379 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_SIZE); 380 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(size_t)); 381 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint64_t, (size_t)((vm_offset_t)&end - KERNBASE)); 382 383 /* Copy the DTB to KVA space. */ 384 lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr, sizeof(int)); 385 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_DTBP); 386 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(vm_offset_t)); 387 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(vm_offset_t, lastaddr); 388 dtb_size = fdt_totalsize(rvbp->dtbp_virt); 389 memmove((void *)lastaddr, (const void *)rvbp->dtbp_virt, dtb_size); 390 lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr + dtb_size, sizeof(int)); 391 392 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_KERNEND); 393 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(vm_offset_t)); 394 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(vm_offset_t, lastaddr); 395 396 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_HOWTO); 397 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, sizeof(int)); 398 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(int, RB_VERBOSE); 399 400 /* End marker */ 401 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, 0); 402 PRELOAD_PUSH_VALUE(uint32_t, 0); 403 preload_metadata = (caddr_t)fake_preload; 404 405 /* Check if bootloader clobbered part of the kernel with the DTB. */ 406 KASSERT(rvbp->dtbp_phys + dtb_size <= rvbp->kern_phys || 407 rvbp->dtbp_phys >= rvbp->kern_phys + (lastaddr - KERNBASE), 408 ("FDT (%lx-%lx) and kernel (%lx-%lx) overlap", rvbp->dtbp_phys, 409 rvbp->dtbp_phys + dtb_size, rvbp->kern_phys, 410 rvbp->kern_phys + (lastaddr - KERNBASE))); 411 KASSERT(fake_size < sizeof(fake_preload), 412 ("Too many fake_preload items")); 413 414 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE) 415 printf("FDT phys (%lx-%lx), kernel phys (%lx-%lx)\n", 416 rvbp->dtbp_phys, rvbp->dtbp_phys + dtb_size, 417 rvbp->kern_phys, rvbp->kern_phys + (lastaddr - KERNBASE)); 418 } 419 420 /* Support for FDT configurations only. */ 421 CTASSERT(FDT); 422 423 #ifdef FDT 424 static void 425 parse_fdt_bootargs(void) 426 { 427 char bootargs[512]; 428 429 bootargs[sizeof(bootargs) - 1] = '\0'; 430 if (fdt_get_chosen_bootargs(bootargs, sizeof(bootargs) - 1) == 0) { 431 boothowto |= boot_parse_cmdline(bootargs); 432 } 433 } 434 #endif 435 436 static vm_offset_t 437 parse_metadata(void) 438 { 439 caddr_t kmdp; 440 vm_offset_t lastaddr; 441 #ifdef DDB 442 vm_offset_t ksym_start, ksym_end; 443 #endif 444 char *kern_envp; 445 446 /* Find the kernel address */ 447 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf kernel"); 448 if (kmdp == NULL) 449 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf64 kernel"); 450 KASSERT(kmdp != NULL, ("No preload metadata found!")); 451 452 /* Read the boot metadata */ 453 boothowto = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_HOWTO, int); 454 lastaddr = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_KERNEND, vm_offset_t); 455 kern_envp = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_ENVP, char *); 456 if (kern_envp != NULL) 457 init_static_kenv(kern_envp, 0); 458 else 459 init_static_kenv(static_kenv, sizeof(static_kenv)); 460 #ifdef DDB 461 ksym_start = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_SSYM, uintptr_t); 462 ksym_end = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_ESYM, uintptr_t); 463 db_fetch_ksymtab(ksym_start, ksym_end); 464 #endif 465 #ifdef FDT 466 try_load_dtb(kmdp); 467 if (kern_envp == NULL) 468 parse_fdt_bootargs(); 469 #endif 470 return (lastaddr); 471 } 472 473 void 474 initriscv(struct riscv_bootparams *rvbp) 475 { 476 struct mem_region mem_regions[FDT_MEM_REGIONS]; 477 struct pcpu *pcpup; 478 int mem_regions_sz; 479 vm_offset_t lastaddr; 480 vm_size_t kernlen; 481 #ifdef FDT 482 phandle_t chosen; 483 uint32_t hart; 484 #endif 485 char *env; 486 487 TSRAW(&thread0, TS_ENTER, __func__, NULL); 488 489 /* Set the pcpu data, this is needed by pmap_bootstrap */ 490 pcpup = &__pcpu[0]; 491 pcpu_init(pcpup, 0, sizeof(struct pcpu)); 492 493 /* Set the pcpu pointer */ 494 __asm __volatile("mv tp, %0" :: "r"(pcpup)); 495 496 PCPU_SET(curthread, &thread0); 497 498 /* Initialize SBI interface. */ 499 sbi_init(); 500 501 /* Parse the boot metadata. */ 502 if (rvbp->modulep != 0) { 503 preload_metadata = (caddr_t)rvbp->modulep; 504 } else { 505 fake_preload_metadata(rvbp); 506 } 507 lastaddr = parse_metadata(); 508 509 #ifdef FDT 510 /* 511 * Look for the boot hart ID. This was either passed in directly from 512 * the SBI firmware and handled by locore, or was stored in the device 513 * tree by an earlier boot stage. 514 */ 515 chosen = OF_finddevice("/chosen"); 516 if (OF_getencprop(chosen, "boot-hartid", &hart, sizeof(hart)) != -1) { 517 boot_hart = hart; 518 } 519 #endif 520 if (boot_hart == BOOT_HART_INVALID) { 521 panic("Boot hart ID was not properly set"); 522 } 523 pcpup->pc_hart = boot_hart; 524 525 #ifdef FDT 526 /* 527 * Exclude reserved memory specified by the device tree. Typically, 528 * this contains an entry for memory used by the runtime SBI firmware. 529 */ 530 if (fdt_get_reserved_mem(mem_regions, &mem_regions_sz) == 0) { 531 physmem_exclude_regions(mem_regions, mem_regions_sz, 532 EXFLAG_NODUMP | EXFLAG_NOALLOC); 533 } 534 535 /* Grab physical memory regions information from device tree. */ 536 if (fdt_get_mem_regions(mem_regions, &mem_regions_sz, NULL) != 0) { 537 panic("Cannot get physical memory regions"); 538 } 539 physmem_hardware_regions(mem_regions, mem_regions_sz); 540 #endif 541 542 /* Do basic tuning, hz etc */ 543 init_param1(); 544 545 cache_setup(); 546 547 /* Bootstrap enough of pmap to enter the kernel proper */ 548 kernlen = (lastaddr - KERNBASE); 549 pmap_bootstrap(rvbp->kern_l1pt, rvbp->kern_phys, kernlen); 550 551 #ifdef FDT 552 /* 553 * XXX: Unconditionally exclude the lowest 2MB of physical memory, as 554 * this area is assumed to contain the SBI firmware. This is a little 555 * fragile, but it is consistent with the platforms we support so far. 556 * 557 * TODO: remove this when the all regular booting methods properly 558 * report their reserved memory in the device tree. 559 */ 560 physmem_exclude_region(mem_regions[0].mr_start, L2_SIZE, 561 EXFLAG_NODUMP | EXFLAG_NOALLOC); 562 #endif 563 physmem_init_kernel_globals(); 564 565 /* Establish static device mappings */ 566 devmap_bootstrap(0, NULL); 567 568 cninit(); 569 570 /* 571 * Dump the boot metadata. We have to wait for cninit() since console 572 * output is required. If it's grossly incorrect the kernel will never 573 * make it this far. 574 */ 575 if (getenv_is_true("debug.dump_modinfo_at_boot")) 576 preload_dump(); 577 578 init_proc0(rvbp->kern_stack); 579 580 msgbufinit(msgbufp, msgbufsize); 581 mutex_init(); 582 init_param2(physmem); 583 kdb_init(); 584 #ifdef KDB 585 if ((boothowto & RB_KDB) != 0) 586 kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BOOTFLAGS, "Boot flags requested debugger"); 587 #endif 588 589 env = kern_getenv("kernelname"); 590 if (env != NULL) 591 strlcpy(kernelname, env, sizeof(kernelname)); 592 593 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE) 594 physmem_print_tables(); 595 596 early_boot = 0; 597 598 TSEXIT(); 599 } 600