xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/bitstring.h (revision 315ee00f)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Paul Vixie.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  * Copyright (c) 2014 Spectra Logic Corporation
35  * All rights reserved.
36  *
37  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
38  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
39  * are met:
40  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
41  *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
42  *    without modification.
43  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
44  *    substantially similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below
45  *    ("Disclaimer") and any redistribution must be conditioned upon
46  *    including a substantially similar Disclaimer requirement for further
47  *    binary redistribution.
48  *
49  * NO WARRANTY
50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
51  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
52  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR
53  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
54  * HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
55  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
56  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
57  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
58  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
59  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
60  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
61  */
62 #ifndef _SYS_BITSTRING_H_
63 #define	_SYS_BITSTRING_H_
64 
65 #ifdef _KERNEL
66 #include <sys/libkern.h>
67 #include <sys/malloc.h>
68 #endif
69 
70 #include <sys/types.h>
71 
72 typedef	unsigned long bitstr_t;
73 
74 /*---------------------- Private Implementation Details ----------------------*/
75 #define	_BITSTR_MASK (~0UL)
76 #define	_BITSTR_BITS (sizeof(bitstr_t) * 8)
77 
78 #ifdef roundup2
79 #define        _bit_roundup2 roundup2
80 #else
81 #define        _bit_roundup2(x, y)        (((x)+((y)-1))&(~((y)-1))) /* if y is powers of two */
82 #endif
83 
84 /* bitstr_t in bit string containing the bit. */
85 static inline int
86 _bit_idx(int _bit)
87 {
88 	return (_bit / _BITSTR_BITS);
89 }
90 
91 /* bit number within bitstr_t at _bit_idx(_bit). */
92 static inline int
93 _bit_offset(int _bit)
94 {
95 	return (_bit % _BITSTR_BITS);
96 }
97 
98 /* Mask for the bit within its long. */
99 static inline bitstr_t
100 _bit_mask(int _bit)
101 {
102 	return (1UL << _bit_offset(_bit));
103 }
104 
105 static inline bitstr_t
106 _bit_make_mask(int _start, int _stop)
107 {
108 	return ((_BITSTR_MASK << _bit_offset(_start)) &
109 	    (_BITSTR_MASK >> (_BITSTR_BITS - _bit_offset(_stop) - 1)));
110 }
111 
112 /*----------------------------- Public Interface -----------------------------*/
113 /* Number of bytes allocated for a bit string of nbits bits */
114 #define	bitstr_size(_nbits) (_bit_roundup2(_nbits, _BITSTR_BITS) / 8)
115 
116 /* Allocate a bit string initialized with no bits set. */
117 #ifdef _KERNEL
118 static inline bitstr_t *
119 bit_alloc(int _nbits, struct malloc_type *type, int flags)
120 {
121 	return ((bitstr_t *)malloc(bitstr_size(_nbits), type, flags | M_ZERO));
122 }
123 #else
124 static inline bitstr_t *
125 bit_alloc(int _nbits)
126 {
127 	return ((bitstr_t *)calloc(bitstr_size(_nbits), 1));
128 }
129 #endif
130 
131 /* Allocate a bit string on the stack */
132 #define	bit_decl(name, nbits) \
133 	((name)[bitstr_size(nbits) / sizeof(bitstr_t)])
134 
135 /* Is bit N of bit string set? */
136 static inline int
137 bit_test(const bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _bit)
138 {
139 	return ((_bitstr[_bit_idx(_bit)] & _bit_mask(_bit)) != 0);
140 }
141 
142 /* Set bit N of bit string. */
143 static inline void
144 bit_set(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _bit)
145 {
146 	_bitstr[_bit_idx(_bit)] |= _bit_mask(_bit);
147 }
148 
149 /* clear bit N of bit string name */
150 static inline void
151 bit_clear(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _bit)
152 {
153 	_bitstr[_bit_idx(_bit)] &= ~_bit_mask(_bit);
154 }
155 
156 /* Are bits in [start ... stop] in bit string all 0 or all 1? */
157 static inline int
158 bit_ntest(const bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _stop, int _match)
159 {
160 	const bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
161 	bitstr_t _mask;
162 
163 	_mask = (_match == 0) ? 0 : _BITSTR_MASK;
164 	_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_stop);
165 	_bitstr += _bit_idx(_start);
166 
167 	if (_bitstr == _stopbitstr)
168 		return (0 == ((*_bitstr ^ _mask) &
169 		    _bit_make_mask(_start, _stop)));
170 	if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0 &&
171 	    0 != ((*_bitstr++ ^ _mask) &
172 	    _bit_make_mask(_start, _BITSTR_BITS - 1)))
173 		return (0);
174 	if (_bit_offset(_stop) == _BITSTR_BITS - 1)
175 		++_stopbitstr;
176 	while (_bitstr < _stopbitstr) {
177 		if (*_bitstr++ != _mask)
178 			return (0);
179 	}
180 	return (_bit_offset(_stop) == _BITSTR_BITS - 1 ||
181 	    0 == ((*_stopbitstr ^ _mask) & _bit_make_mask(0, _stop)));
182 }
183 
184 /* Set bits start ... stop inclusive in bit string. */
185 static inline void
186 bit_nset(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _stop)
187 {
188 	bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
189 
190 	_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_stop);
191 	_bitstr += _bit_idx(_start);
192 
193 	if (_bitstr == _stopbitstr) {
194 		*_bitstr |= _bit_make_mask(_start, _stop);
195 	} else {
196 		if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0)
197 			*_bitstr++ |= _bit_make_mask(_start, _BITSTR_BITS - 1);
198 		if (_bit_offset(_stop) == _BITSTR_BITS - 1)
199 			++_stopbitstr;
200 		while (_bitstr < _stopbitstr)
201 			*_bitstr++ = _BITSTR_MASK;
202 		if (_bit_offset(_stop) != _BITSTR_BITS - 1)
203 			*_stopbitstr |= _bit_make_mask(0, _stop);
204 	}
205 }
206 
207 /* Clear bits start ... stop inclusive in bit string. */
208 static inline void
209 bit_nclear(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _stop)
210 {
211 	bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
212 
213 	_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_stop);
214 	_bitstr += _bit_idx(_start);
215 
216 	if (_bitstr == _stopbitstr) {
217 		*_bitstr &= ~_bit_make_mask(_start, _stop);
218 	} else {
219 		if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0)
220 			*_bitstr++ &= ~_bit_make_mask(_start, _BITSTR_BITS - 1);
221 		if (_bit_offset(_stop) == _BITSTR_BITS - 1)
222 			++_stopbitstr;
223 		while (_bitstr < _stopbitstr)
224 			*_bitstr++ = 0;
225 		if (_bit_offset(_stop) != _BITSTR_BITS - 1)
226 			*_stopbitstr &= ~_bit_make_mask(0, _stop);
227 	}
228 }
229 
230 /* Find the first '_match'-bit in bit string at or after bit start. */
231 static inline void
232 bit_ff_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int _match,
233     int *_result)
234 {
235 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr;
236 	bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
237 	bitstr_t _mask;
238 	bitstr_t _test;
239 	int _value;
240 
241 	if (_start >= _nbits || _nbits <= 0) {
242 		*_result = -1;
243 		return;
244 	}
245 
246 	_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
247 	_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_nbits - 1);
248 	_mask = _match ? 0 : _BITSTR_MASK;
249 
250 	_test = _mask ^ *_curbitstr;
251 	if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0)
252 		_test &= _bit_make_mask(_start, _BITSTR_BITS - 1);
253 	while (_test == 0 && _curbitstr < _stopbitstr)
254 		_test = _mask ^ *(++_curbitstr);
255 
256 	_value = ((_curbitstr - _bitstr) * _BITSTR_BITS) + ffsl(_test) - 1;
257 	if (_test == 0 ||
258 	    (_bit_offset(_nbits) != 0 && _value >= _nbits))
259 		_value = -1;
260 	*_result = _value;
261 }
262 
263 /* Find the first bit set in bit string at or after bit start. */
264 static inline void
265 bit_ffs_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int *_result)
266 {
267 	bit_ff_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, 1, _result);
268 }
269 
270 /* Find the first bit clear in bit string at or after bit start. */
271 static inline void
272 bit_ffc_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int *_result)
273 {
274 	bit_ff_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, 0, _result);
275 }
276 
277 /* Find the first bit set in bit string. */
278 static inline void
279 bit_ffs(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int *_result)
280 {
281 	bit_ffs_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _result);
282 }
283 
284 /* Find the first bit clear in bit string. */
285 static inline void
286 bit_ffc(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int *_result)
287 {
288 	bit_ffc_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _result);
289 }
290 
291 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size '_match'-bits at or after start */
292 static inline void
293 bit_ff_area_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int _size,
294     int _match, int *_result)
295 {
296 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr, _mask, _test;
297 	int _value, _last, _shft, _maxshft;
298 
299 	if (_start + _size > _nbits || _nbits <= 0) {
300 		*_result = -1;
301 		return;
302 	}
303 
304 	_mask = _match ? _BITSTR_MASK : 0;
305 	_maxshft = _bit_idx(_size - 1) == 0 ? _size : (int)_BITSTR_BITS;
306 	_value = _start;
307 	_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
308 	_test = ~(_BITSTR_MASK << _bit_offset(_start));
309 	for (_last = _size - 1, _test |= _mask ^ *_curbitstr;
310 	    !(_bit_idx(_last) == 0 &&
311 	    (_test & _bit_make_mask(0, _last)) == 0);
312 	    _last -= _BITSTR_BITS, _test = _mask ^ *++_curbitstr) {
313 		if (_test == 0)
314 			continue;
315 		/* Shrink-left every 0-area in _test by maxshft-1 bits. */
316 		for (_shft = _maxshft; _shft > 1 && (_test & (_test + 1)) != 0;
317 		     _shft = (_shft + 1) / 2)
318 			_test |= _test >> _shft / 2;
319 		/* Find the start of the first 0-area in _test. */
320 		_last = ffsl(~(_test >> 1));
321 		_value = (_curbitstr - _bitstr) * _BITSTR_BITS + _last;
322 		/* If there's insufficient space left, give up. */
323 		if (_value + _size > _nbits) {
324 			_value = -1;
325 			break;
326 		}
327 		_last += _size - 1;
328 		/* If a solution is contained in _test, success! */
329 		if (_bit_idx(_last) == 0)
330 			break;
331 		/* A solution here needs bits from the next word. */
332 	}
333 	*_result = _value;
334 }
335 
336 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size set bits at or after start */
337 static inline void
338 bit_ffs_area_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int _size,
339     int *_result)
340 {
341 	bit_ff_area_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, _size, 1, _result);
342 }
343 
344 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size cleared bits at or after start */
345 static inline void
346 bit_ffc_area_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int _size,
347     int *_result)
348 {
349 	bit_ff_area_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, _size, 0, _result);
350 }
351 
352 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size set bits in bit string */
353 static inline void
354 bit_ffs_area(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int _size, int *_result)
355 {
356 	bit_ffs_area_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _size, _result);
357 }
358 
359 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size cleared bits in bit string */
360 static inline void
361 bit_ffc_area(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int _size, int *_result)
362 {
363 	bit_ffc_area_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _size, _result);
364 }
365 
366 /* Count the number of bits set in a bitstr of size _nbits at or after _start */
367 static inline void
368 bit_count(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int *_result)
369 {
370 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr, mask;
371 	int _value = 0, curbitstr_len;
372 
373 	if (_start >= _nbits)
374 		goto out;
375 
376 	_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
377 	_nbits -= _BITSTR_BITS * _bit_idx(_start);
378 	_start -= _BITSTR_BITS * _bit_idx(_start);
379 
380 	if (_start > 0) {
381 		curbitstr_len = (int)_BITSTR_BITS < _nbits ?
382 				(int)_BITSTR_BITS : _nbits;
383 		mask = _bit_make_mask(_start, _bit_offset(curbitstr_len - 1));
384 		_value += __bitcountl(*_curbitstr & mask);
385 		_curbitstr++;
386 		_nbits -= _BITSTR_BITS;
387 	}
388 	while (_nbits >= (int)_BITSTR_BITS) {
389 		_value += __bitcountl(*_curbitstr);
390 		_curbitstr++;
391 		_nbits -= _BITSTR_BITS;
392 	}
393 	if (_nbits > 0) {
394 		mask = _bit_make_mask(0, _bit_offset(_nbits - 1));
395 		_value += __bitcountl(*_curbitstr & mask);
396 	}
397 
398 out:
399 	*_result = _value;
400 }
401 
402 /* Traverse all set bits, assigning each location in turn to iter */
403 #define	bit_foreach_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, _iter)			\
404 	for (bit_ffs_at((_bitstr), (_start), (_nbits), &(_iter));	\
405 	     (_iter) != -1;						\
406 	     bit_ffs_at((_bitstr), (_iter) + 1, (_nbits), &(_iter)))
407 #define	bit_foreach(_bitstr, _nbits, _iter)				\
408 	bit_foreach_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _iter)
409 
410 /* Traverse all unset bits, assigning each location in turn to iter */
411 #define	bit_foreach_unset_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, _iter)		\
412 	for (bit_ffc_at((_bitstr), (_start), (_nbits), &(_iter));	\
413 	     (_iter) != -1;						\
414 	     bit_ffc_at((_bitstr), (_iter) + 1, (_nbits), &(_iter)))
415 #define	bit_foreach_unset(_bitstr, _nbits, _iter)			\
416 	bit_foreach_unset_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _iter)
417 
418 #endif	/* _SYS_BITSTRING_H_ */
419