xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/lock.h (revision 0957b409)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1997 Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. Berkeley Software Design Inc's name may not be used to endorse or
15  *    promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  *    written permission.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  *
30  *	from BSDI Id: mutex.h,v 2.7.2.35 2000/04/27 03:10:26 cp
31  * $FreeBSD$
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef _SYS_LOCK_H_
35 #define _SYS_LOCK_H_
36 
37 #include <sys/queue.h>
38 #include <sys/_lock.h>
39 #include <sys/ktr_class.h>
40 
41 struct lock_list_entry;
42 struct thread;
43 
44 /*
45  * Lock classes.  Each lock has a class which describes characteristics
46  * common to all types of locks of a given class.
47  *
48  * Spin locks in general must always protect against preemption, as it is
49  * an error to perform any type of context switch while holding a spin lock.
50  * Also, for an individual lock to be recursable, its class must allow
51  * recursion and the lock itself must explicitly allow recursion.
52  *
53  * The 'lc_ddb_show' function pointer is used to dump class-specific
54  * data for the 'show lock' DDB command.  The 'lc_lock' and
55  * 'lc_unlock' function pointers are used in sleep(9) and cv_wait(9)
56  * to lock and unlock locks while blocking on a sleep queue.  The
57  * return value of 'lc_unlock' will be passed to 'lc_lock' on resume
58  * to allow communication of state between the two routines.
59  */
60 
61 struct lock_class {
62 	const		char *lc_name;
63 	u_int		lc_flags;
64 	void		(*lc_assert)(const struct lock_object *lock, int what);
65 	void		(*lc_ddb_show)(const struct lock_object *lock);
66 	void		(*lc_lock)(struct lock_object *lock, uintptr_t how);
67 	int		(*lc_owner)(const struct lock_object *lock,
68 			    struct thread **owner);
69 	uintptr_t	(*lc_unlock)(struct lock_object *lock);
70 };
71 
72 #define	LC_SLEEPLOCK	0x00000001	/* Sleep lock. */
73 #define	LC_SPINLOCK	0x00000002	/* Spin lock. */
74 #define	LC_SLEEPABLE	0x00000004	/* Sleeping allowed with this lock. */
75 #define	LC_RECURSABLE	0x00000008	/* Locks of this type may recurse. */
76 #define	LC_UPGRADABLE	0x00000010	/* Upgrades and downgrades permitted. */
77 
78 #define	LO_CLASSFLAGS	0x0000ffff	/* Class specific flags. */
79 #define	LO_INITIALIZED	0x00010000	/* Lock has been initialized. */
80 #define	LO_WITNESS	0x00020000	/* Should witness monitor this lock. */
81 #define	LO_QUIET	0x00040000	/* Don't log locking operations. */
82 #define	LO_RECURSABLE	0x00080000	/* Lock may recurse. */
83 #define	LO_SLEEPABLE	0x00100000	/* Lock may be held while sleeping. */
84 #define	LO_UPGRADABLE	0x00200000	/* Lock may be upgraded/downgraded. */
85 #define	LO_DUPOK	0x00400000	/* Don't check for duplicate acquires */
86 #define	LO_IS_VNODE	0x00800000	/* Tell WITNESS about a VNODE lock */
87 #define	LO_CLASSMASK	0x0f000000	/* Class index bitmask. */
88 #define LO_NOPROFILE    0x10000000      /* Don't profile this lock */
89 #define	LO_NEW		0x20000000	/* Don't check for double-init */
90 
91 /*
92  * Lock classes are statically assigned an index into the gobal lock_classes
93  * array.  Debugging code looks up the lock class for a given lock object
94  * by indexing the array.
95  */
96 #define	LO_CLASSSHIFT		24
97 #define	LO_CLASSINDEX(lock)	((((lock)->lo_flags) & LO_CLASSMASK) >> LO_CLASSSHIFT)
98 #define	LOCK_CLASS(lock)	(lock_classes[LO_CLASSINDEX((lock))])
99 #define	LOCK_CLASS_MAX		(LO_CLASSMASK >> LO_CLASSSHIFT)
100 
101 /*
102  * Option flags passed to lock operations that witness also needs to know
103  * about or that are generic across all locks.
104  */
105 #define	LOP_NEWORDER	0x00000001	/* Define a new lock order. */
106 #define	LOP_QUIET	0x00000002	/* Don't log locking operations. */
107 #define	LOP_TRYLOCK	0x00000004	/* Don't check lock order. */
108 #define	LOP_EXCLUSIVE	0x00000008	/* Exclusive lock. */
109 #define	LOP_DUPOK	0x00000010	/* Don't check for duplicate acquires */
110 
111 /* Flags passed to witness_assert. */
112 #define	LA_MASKASSERT	0x000000ff	/* Mask for witness defined asserts. */
113 #define	LA_UNLOCKED	0x00000000	/* Lock is unlocked. */
114 #define	LA_LOCKED	0x00000001	/* Lock is at least share locked. */
115 #define	LA_SLOCKED	0x00000002	/* Lock is exactly share locked. */
116 #define	LA_XLOCKED	0x00000004	/* Lock is exclusively locked. */
117 #define	LA_RECURSED	0x00000008	/* Lock is recursed. */
118 #define	LA_NOTRECURSED	0x00000010	/* Lock is not recursed. */
119 
120 #ifdef _KERNEL
121 /*
122  * If any of WITNESS, INVARIANTS, or KTR_LOCK KTR tracing has been enabled,
123  * then turn on LOCK_DEBUG.  When this option is on, extra debugging
124  * facilities such as tracking the file and line number of lock operations
125  * are enabled.  Also, mutex locking operations are not inlined to avoid
126  * bloat from all the extra debugging code.  We also have to turn on all the
127  * calling conventions for this debugging code in modules so that modules can
128  * work with both debug and non-debug kernels.
129  */
130 #if (defined(KLD_MODULE) && !defined(KLD_TIED)) || defined(WITNESS) || defined(INVARIANTS) || \
131     defined(LOCK_PROFILING) || defined(KTR)
132 #define	LOCK_DEBUG	1
133 #else
134 #define	LOCK_DEBUG	0
135 #endif
136 
137 /*
138  * In the LOCK_DEBUG case, use the filename and line numbers for debugging
139  * operations.  Otherwise, use default values to avoid the unneeded bloat.
140  */
141 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0
142 #define LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF	, const char *file, int line
143 #define LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG	, file, line
144 #define	LOCK_FILE	__FILE__
145 #define	LOCK_LINE	__LINE__
146 #else
147 #define LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF
148 #define LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG
149 #define	LOCK_FILE	NULL
150 #define	LOCK_LINE	0
151 #endif
152 
153 /*
154  * Macros for KTR_LOCK tracing.
155  *
156  * opname  - name of this operation (LOCK/UNLOCK/SLOCK, etc.)
157  * lo      - struct lock_object * for this lock
158  * flags   - flags passed to the lock operation
159  * recurse - this locks recursion level (or 0 if class is not recursable)
160  * result  - result of a try lock operation
161  * file    - file name
162  * line    - line number
163  */
164 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0
165 #define	LOCK_LOG_TEST(lo, flags)					\
166 	(((flags) & LOP_QUIET) == 0 && ((lo)->lo_flags & LO_QUIET) == 0)
167 #else
168 #define	LOCK_LOG_TEST(lo, flags)	0
169 #endif
170 
171 
172 #define	LOCK_LOG_LOCK(opname, lo, flags, recurse, file, line) do {	\
173 	if (LOCK_LOG_TEST((lo), (flags)))				\
174 		CTR6(KTR_LOCK, opname " (%s) %s %p r = %d at %s:%d",	\
175 		    LOCK_CLASS(lo)->lc_name, (lo)->lo_name,		\
176 		    (lo), (u_int)(recurse), (file), (line));		\
177 } while (0)
178 
179 #define	LOCK_LOG_TRY(opname, lo, flags, result, file, line) do {	\
180 	if (LOCK_LOG_TEST((lo), (flags)))				\
181 		CTR6(KTR_LOCK, "TRY_" opname " (%s) %s %p result=%d at %s:%d",\
182 		    LOCK_CLASS(lo)->lc_name, (lo)->lo_name,		\
183 		    (lo), (u_int)(result), (file), (line));		\
184 } while (0)
185 
186 #define	LOCK_LOG_INIT(lo, flags) do {					\
187 	if (LOCK_LOG_TEST((lo), (flags)))				\
188 		CTR4(KTR_LOCK, "%s: %p (%s) %s", __func__, (lo),	\
189  		    LOCK_CLASS(lo)->lc_name, (lo)->lo_name);		\
190 } while (0)
191 
192 #define	LOCK_LOG_DESTROY(lo, flags)	LOCK_LOG_INIT(lo, flags)
193 
194 #define	lock_initialized(lo)	((lo)->lo_flags & LO_INITIALIZED)
195 
196 /*
197  * Helpful macros for quickly coming up with assertions with informative
198  * panic messages.
199  */
200 #define MPASS(ex)		MPASS4(ex, #ex, __FILE__, __LINE__)
201 #define MPASS2(ex, what)	MPASS4(ex, what, __FILE__, __LINE__)
202 #define MPASS3(ex, file, line)	MPASS4(ex, #ex, file, line)
203 #define MPASS4(ex, what, file, line)					\
204 	KASSERT((ex), ("Assertion %s failed at %s:%d", what, file, line))
205 
206 extern struct lock_class lock_class_mtx_sleep;
207 extern struct lock_class lock_class_mtx_spin;
208 extern struct lock_class lock_class_sx;
209 extern struct lock_class lock_class_rw;
210 extern struct lock_class lock_class_rm;
211 extern struct lock_class lock_class_rm_sleepable;
212 extern struct lock_class lock_class_lockmgr;
213 
214 extern struct lock_class *lock_classes[];
215 
216 struct lock_delay_config {
217 	u_int base;
218 	u_int max;
219 };
220 
221 struct lock_delay_arg {
222 	struct lock_delay_config *config;
223 	u_int delay;
224 	u_int spin_cnt;
225 };
226 
227 static inline void
228 lock_delay_arg_init(struct lock_delay_arg *la, struct lock_delay_config *lc)
229 {
230 	la->config = lc;
231 	la->delay = lc->base;
232 	la->spin_cnt = 0;
233 }
234 
235 #define lock_delay_spin(n)	do {	\
236 	u_int _i;			\
237 					\
238 	for (_i = (n); _i > 0; _i--)	\
239 		cpu_spinwait();		\
240 } while (0)
241 
242 #define	LOCK_DELAY_SYSINIT(func) \
243 	SYSINIT(func##_ld, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_ANY, func, NULL)
244 
245 #define	LOCK_DELAY_SYSINIT_DEFAULT(lc) \
246 	SYSINIT(lock_delay_##lc##_ld, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_ANY, \
247 	    lock_delay_default_init, &lc)
248 
249 void	lock_init(struct lock_object *, struct lock_class *,
250 	    const char *, const char *, int);
251 void	lock_destroy(struct lock_object *);
252 void	lock_delay(struct lock_delay_arg *);
253 void	lock_delay_default_init(struct lock_delay_config *);
254 void	spinlock_enter(void);
255 void	spinlock_exit(void);
256 void	witness_init(struct lock_object *, const char *);
257 void	witness_destroy(struct lock_object *);
258 int	witness_defineorder(struct lock_object *, struct lock_object *);
259 void	witness_checkorder(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int,
260 	    struct lock_object *);
261 void	witness_lock(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
262 void	witness_upgrade(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
263 void	witness_downgrade(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
264 void	witness_unlock(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
265 void	witness_save(struct lock_object *, const char **, int *);
266 void	witness_restore(struct lock_object *, const char *, int);
267 int	witness_list_locks(struct lock_list_entry **,
268 	    int (*)(const char *, ...));
269 int	witness_warn(int, struct lock_object *, const char *, ...);
270 void	witness_assert(const struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
271 void	witness_display_spinlock(struct lock_object *, struct thread *,
272 	    int (*)(const char *, ...));
273 int	witness_line(struct lock_object *);
274 void	witness_norelease(struct lock_object *);
275 void	witness_releaseok(struct lock_object *);
276 const char *witness_file(struct lock_object *);
277 void	witness_thread_exit(struct thread *);
278 
279 #ifdef	WITNESS
280 int	witness_startup_count(void);
281 void	witness_startup(void *);
282 
283 /* Flags for witness_warn(). */
284 #define	WARN_GIANTOK	0x01	/* Giant is exempt from this check. */
285 #define	WARN_PANIC	0x02	/* Panic if check fails. */
286 #define	WARN_SLEEPOK	0x04	/* Sleepable locks are exempt from check. */
287 
288 #define	WITNESS_INIT(lock, type)					\
289 	witness_init((lock), (type))
290 
291 #define WITNESS_DESTROY(lock)						\
292 	witness_destroy(lock)
293 
294 #define	WITNESS_CHECKORDER(lock, flags, file, line, interlock)		\
295 	witness_checkorder((lock), (flags), (file), (line), (interlock))
296 
297 #define	WITNESS_DEFINEORDER(lock1, lock2)				\
298 	witness_defineorder((struct lock_object *)(lock1),		\
299 	    (struct lock_object *)(lock2))
300 
301 #define	WITNESS_LOCK(lock, flags, file, line)				\
302 	witness_lock((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
303 
304 #define	WITNESS_UPGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)			\
305 	witness_upgrade((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
306 
307 #define	WITNESS_DOWNGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)			\
308 	witness_downgrade((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
309 
310 #define	WITNESS_UNLOCK(lock, flags, file, line)				\
311 	witness_unlock((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
312 
313 #define	WITNESS_CHECK(flags, lock, fmt, ...)				\
314 	witness_warn((flags), (lock), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
315 
316 #define	WITNESS_WARN(flags, lock, fmt, ...)				\
317 	witness_warn((flags), (lock), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
318 
319 #define	WITNESS_SAVE_DECL(n)						\
320 	const char * __CONCAT(n, __wf);					\
321 	int __CONCAT(n, __wl)
322 
323 #define	WITNESS_SAVE(lock, n) 						\
324 	witness_save((lock), &__CONCAT(n, __wf), &__CONCAT(n, __wl))
325 
326 #define	WITNESS_RESTORE(lock, n) 					\
327 	witness_restore((lock), __CONCAT(n, __wf), __CONCAT(n, __wl))
328 
329 #define	WITNESS_NORELEASE(lock)						\
330 	witness_norelease(&(lock)->lock_object)
331 
332 #define	WITNESS_RELEASEOK(lock)						\
333 	witness_releaseok(&(lock)->lock_object)
334 
335 #define	WITNESS_FILE(lock) 						\
336 	witness_file(lock)
337 
338 #define	WITNESS_LINE(lock) 						\
339 	witness_line(lock)
340 
341 #else	/* WITNESS */
342 #define	WITNESS_INIT(lock, type)				(void)0
343 #define	WITNESS_DESTROY(lock)					(void)0
344 #define	WITNESS_DEFINEORDER(lock1, lock2)	0
345 #define	WITNESS_CHECKORDER(lock, flags, file, line, interlock)	(void)0
346 #define	WITNESS_LOCK(lock, flags, file, line)			(void)0
347 #define	WITNESS_UPGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)		(void)0
348 #define	WITNESS_DOWNGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)		(void)0
349 #define	WITNESS_UNLOCK(lock, flags, file, line)			(void)0
350 #define	WITNESS_CHECK(flags, lock, fmt, ...)	0
351 #define	WITNESS_WARN(flags, lock, fmt, ...)			(void)0
352 #define	WITNESS_SAVE_DECL(n)					(void)0
353 #define	WITNESS_SAVE(lock, n)					(void)0
354 #define	WITNESS_RESTORE(lock, n)				(void)0
355 #define	WITNESS_NORELEASE(lock)					(void)0
356 #define	WITNESS_RELEASEOK(lock)					(void)0
357 #define	WITNESS_FILE(lock) ("?")
358 #define	WITNESS_LINE(lock) (0)
359 #endif	/* WITNESS */
360 
361 #endif	/* _KERNEL */
362 #endif	/* _SYS_LOCK_H_ */
363