xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/mutex.h (revision 325151a3)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1997 Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12  * 3. Berkeley Software Design Inc's name may not be used to endorse or
13  *    promote products derived from this software without specific prior
14  *    written permission.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  *	from BSDI $Id: mutex.h,v 2.7.2.35 2000/04/27 03:10:26 cp Exp $
29  * $FreeBSD$
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef _SYS_MUTEX_H_
33 #define _SYS_MUTEX_H_
34 
35 #include <sys/queue.h>
36 #include <sys/_lock.h>
37 #include <sys/_mutex.h>
38 
39 #ifdef _KERNEL
40 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
41 #include <sys/lock_profile.h>
42 #include <sys/lockstat.h>
43 #include <machine/atomic.h>
44 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
45 
46 /*
47  * Mutex types and options passed to mtx_init().  MTX_QUIET and MTX_DUPOK
48  * can also be passed in.
49  */
50 #define	MTX_DEF		0x00000000	/* DEFAULT (sleep) lock */
51 #define MTX_SPIN	0x00000001	/* Spin lock (disables interrupts) */
52 #define MTX_RECURSE	0x00000004	/* Option: lock allowed to recurse */
53 #define	MTX_NOWITNESS	0x00000008	/* Don't do any witness checking. */
54 #define MTX_NOPROFILE   0x00000020	/* Don't profile this lock */
55 #define	MTX_NEW		0x00000040	/* Don't check for double-init */
56 
57 /*
58  * Option flags passed to certain lock/unlock routines, through the use
59  * of corresponding mtx_{lock,unlock}_flags() interface macros.
60  */
61 #define	MTX_QUIET	LOP_QUIET	/* Don't log a mutex event */
62 #define	MTX_DUPOK	LOP_DUPOK	/* Don't log a duplicate acquire */
63 
64 /*
65  * State bits kept in mutex->mtx_lock, for the DEFAULT lock type. None of this,
66  * with the exception of MTX_UNOWNED, applies to spin locks.
67  */
68 #define	MTX_RECURSED	0x00000001	/* lock recursed (for MTX_DEF only) */
69 #define	MTX_CONTESTED	0x00000002	/* lock contested (for MTX_DEF only) */
70 #define MTX_UNOWNED	0x00000004	/* Cookie for free mutex */
71 #define	MTX_FLAGMASK	(MTX_RECURSED | MTX_CONTESTED | MTX_UNOWNED)
72 
73 /*
74  * Value stored in mutex->mtx_lock to denote a destroyed mutex.
75  */
76 #define	MTX_DESTROYED	(MTX_CONTESTED | MTX_UNOWNED)
77 
78 /*
79  * Prototypes
80  *
81  * NOTE: Functions prepended with `_' (underscore) are exported to other parts
82  *	 of the kernel via macros, thus allowing us to use the cpp LOCK_FILE
83  *	 and LOCK_LINE or for hiding the lock cookie crunching to the
84  *	 consumers. These functions should not be called directly by any
85  *	 code using the API. Their macros cover their functionality.
86  *	 Functions with a `_' suffix are the entrypoint for the common
87  *	 KPI covering both compat shims and fast path case.  These can be
88  *	 used by consumers willing to pass options, file and line
89  *	 informations, in an option-independent way.
90  *
91  * [See below for descriptions]
92  *
93  */
94 void	_mtx_init(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *name, const char *type,
95 	    int opts);
96 void	_mtx_destroy(volatile uintptr_t *c);
97 void	mtx_sysinit(void *arg);
98 int	_mtx_trylock_flags_(volatile uintptr_t *c, int opts, const char *file,
99 	    int line);
100 void	mutex_init(void);
101 void	__mtx_lock_sleep(volatile uintptr_t *c, uintptr_t tid, int opts,
102 	    const char *file, int line);
103 void	__mtx_unlock_sleep(volatile uintptr_t *c, int opts, const char *file,
104 	    int line);
105 #ifdef SMP
106 void	_mtx_lock_spin_cookie(volatile uintptr_t *c, uintptr_t tid, int opts,
107 	    const char *file, int line);
108 #endif
109 void	__mtx_lock_flags(volatile uintptr_t *c, int opts, const char *file,
110 	    int line);
111 void	__mtx_unlock_flags(volatile uintptr_t *c, int opts, const char *file,
112 	    int line);
113 void	__mtx_lock_spin_flags(volatile uintptr_t *c, int opts, const char *file,
114 	     int line);
115 void	__mtx_unlock_spin_flags(volatile uintptr_t *c, int opts,
116 	    const char *file, int line);
117 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
118 void	__mtx_assert(const volatile uintptr_t *c, int what, const char *file,
119 	    int line);
120 #endif
121 void	thread_lock_flags_(struct thread *, int, const char *, int);
122 
123 #define	thread_lock(tdp)						\
124 	thread_lock_flags_((tdp), 0, __FILE__, __LINE__)
125 #define	thread_lock_flags(tdp, opt)					\
126 	thread_lock_flags_((tdp), (opt), __FILE__, __LINE__)
127 #define	thread_unlock(tdp)						\
128        mtx_unlock_spin((tdp)->td_lock)
129 
130 /*
131  * Top-level macros to provide lock cookie once the actual mtx is passed.
132  * They will also prevent passing a malformed object to the mtx KPI by
133  * failing compilation as the mtx_lock reserved member will not be found.
134  */
135 #define	mtx_init(m, n, t, o)						\
136 	_mtx_init(&(m)->mtx_lock, n, t, o)
137 #define	mtx_destroy(m)							\
138 	_mtx_destroy(&(m)->mtx_lock)
139 #define	mtx_trylock_flags_(m, o, f, l)					\
140 	_mtx_trylock_flags_(&(m)->mtx_lock, o, f, l)
141 #define	_mtx_lock_sleep(m, t, o, f, l)					\
142 	__mtx_lock_sleep(&(m)->mtx_lock, t, o, f, l)
143 #define	_mtx_unlock_sleep(m, o, f, l)					\
144 	__mtx_unlock_sleep(&(m)->mtx_lock, o, f, l)
145 #ifdef SMP
146 #define	_mtx_lock_spin(m, t, o, f, l)					\
147 	_mtx_lock_spin_cookie(&(m)->mtx_lock, t, o, f, l)
148 #endif
149 #define	_mtx_lock_flags(m, o, f, l)					\
150 	__mtx_lock_flags(&(m)->mtx_lock, o, f, l)
151 #define	_mtx_unlock_flags(m, o, f, l)					\
152 	__mtx_unlock_flags(&(m)->mtx_lock, o, f, l)
153 #define	_mtx_lock_spin_flags(m, o, f, l)				\
154 	__mtx_lock_spin_flags(&(m)->mtx_lock, o, f, l)
155 #define	_mtx_unlock_spin_flags(m, o, f, l)				\
156 	__mtx_unlock_spin_flags(&(m)->mtx_lock, o, f, l)
157 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
158 #define	_mtx_assert(m, w, f, l)						\
159 	__mtx_assert(&(m)->mtx_lock, w, f, l)
160 #endif
161 
162 #define	mtx_recurse	lock_object.lo_data
163 
164 /* Very simple operations on mtx_lock. */
165 
166 /* Try to obtain mtx_lock once. */
167 #define _mtx_obtain_lock(mp, tid)					\
168 	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr(&(mp)->mtx_lock, MTX_UNOWNED, (tid))
169 
170 /* Try to release mtx_lock if it is unrecursed and uncontested. */
171 #define _mtx_release_lock(mp, tid)					\
172 	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr(&(mp)->mtx_lock, (tid), MTX_UNOWNED)
173 
174 /* Release mtx_lock quickly, assuming we own it. */
175 #define _mtx_release_lock_quick(mp)					\
176 	atomic_store_rel_ptr(&(mp)->mtx_lock, MTX_UNOWNED)
177 
178 /*
179  * Full lock operations that are suitable to be inlined in non-debug
180  * kernels.  If the lock cannot be acquired or released trivially then
181  * the work is deferred to another function.
182  */
183 
184 /* Lock a normal mutex. */
185 #define __mtx_lock(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
186 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
187 									\
188 	if (!_mtx_obtain_lock((mp), _tid))				\
189 		_mtx_lock_sleep((mp), _tid, (opts), (file), (line));	\
190 	else								\
191 		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_OBTAIN_LOCK_SUCCESS(adaptive__acquire,	\
192 		    mp, 0, 0, file, line);				\
193 } while (0)
194 
195 /*
196  * Lock a spin mutex.  For spinlocks, we handle recursion inline (it
197  * turns out that function calls can be significantly expensive on
198  * some architectures).  Since spin locks are not _too_ common,
199  * inlining this code is not too big a deal.
200  */
201 #ifdef SMP
202 #define __mtx_lock_spin(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
203 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
204 									\
205 	spinlock_enter();						\
206 	if (!_mtx_obtain_lock((mp), _tid)) {				\
207 		if ((mp)->mtx_lock == _tid)				\
208 			(mp)->mtx_recurse++;				\
209 		else							\
210 			_mtx_lock_spin((mp), _tid, (opts), (file), (line)); \
211 	} else 								\
212 		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_OBTAIN_LOCK_SUCCESS(spin__acquire,	\
213 		    mp, 0, 0, file, line);				\
214 } while (0)
215 #else /* SMP */
216 #define __mtx_lock_spin(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
217 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
218 									\
219 	spinlock_enter();						\
220 	if ((mp)->mtx_lock == _tid)					\
221 		(mp)->mtx_recurse++;					\
222 	else {								\
223 		KASSERT((mp)->mtx_lock == MTX_UNOWNED, ("corrupt spinlock")); \
224 		(mp)->mtx_lock = _tid;					\
225 	}								\
226 } while (0)
227 #endif /* SMP */
228 
229 /* Unlock a normal mutex. */
230 #define __mtx_unlock(mp, tid, opts, file, line) do {			\
231 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
232 									\
233 	if ((mp)->mtx_recurse == 0)					\
234 		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_RELEASE_LOCK(adaptive__release, mp);	\
235 	if (!_mtx_release_lock((mp), _tid))				\
236 		_mtx_unlock_sleep((mp), (opts), (file), (line));	\
237 } while (0)
238 
239 /*
240  * Unlock a spin mutex.  For spinlocks, we can handle everything
241  * inline, as it's pretty simple and a function call would be too
242  * expensive (at least on some architectures).  Since spin locks are
243  * not _too_ common, inlining this code is not too big a deal.
244  *
245  * Since we always perform a spinlock_enter() when attempting to acquire a
246  * spin lock, we need to always perform a matching spinlock_exit() when
247  * releasing a spin lock.  This includes the recursion cases.
248  */
249 #ifdef SMP
250 #define __mtx_unlock_spin(mp) do {					\
251 	if (mtx_recursed((mp)))						\
252 		(mp)->mtx_recurse--;					\
253 	else {								\
254 		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_RELEASE_LOCK(spin__release, mp);	\
255 		_mtx_release_lock_quick((mp));				\
256 	}								\
257 	spinlock_exit();						\
258 } while (0)
259 #else /* SMP */
260 #define __mtx_unlock_spin(mp) do {					\
261 	if (mtx_recursed((mp)))						\
262 		(mp)->mtx_recurse--;					\
263 	else {								\
264 		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_RELEASE_LOCK(spin__release, mp);	\
265 		(mp)->mtx_lock = MTX_UNOWNED;				\
266 	}								\
267 	spinlock_exit();						\
268 } while (0)
269 #endif /* SMP */
270 
271 /*
272  * Exported lock manipulation interface.
273  *
274  * mtx_lock(m) locks MTX_DEF mutex `m'
275  *
276  * mtx_lock_spin(m) locks MTX_SPIN mutex `m'
277  *
278  * mtx_unlock(m) unlocks MTX_DEF mutex `m'
279  *
280  * mtx_unlock_spin(m) unlocks MTX_SPIN mutex `m'
281  *
282  * mtx_lock_spin_flags(m, opts) and mtx_lock_flags(m, opts) locks mutex `m'
283  *     and passes option flags `opts' to the "hard" function, if required.
284  *     With these routines, it is possible to pass flags such as MTX_QUIET
285  *     to the appropriate lock manipulation routines.
286  *
287  * mtx_trylock(m) attempts to acquire MTX_DEF mutex `m' but doesn't sleep if
288  *     it cannot. Rather, it returns 0 on failure and non-zero on success.
289  *     It does NOT handle recursion as we assume that if a caller is properly
290  *     using this part of the interface, he will know that the lock in question
291  *     is _not_ recursed.
292  *
293  * mtx_trylock_flags(m, opts) is used the same way as mtx_trylock() but accepts
294  *     relevant option flags `opts.'
295  *
296  * mtx_initialized(m) returns non-zero if the lock `m' has been initialized.
297  *
298  * mtx_owned(m) returns non-zero if the current thread owns the lock `m'
299  *
300  * mtx_recursed(m) returns non-zero if the lock `m' is presently recursed.
301  */
302 #define mtx_lock(m)		mtx_lock_flags((m), 0)
303 #define mtx_lock_spin(m)	mtx_lock_spin_flags((m), 0)
304 #define mtx_trylock(m)		mtx_trylock_flags((m), 0)
305 #define mtx_unlock(m)		mtx_unlock_flags((m), 0)
306 #define mtx_unlock_spin(m)	mtx_unlock_spin_flags((m), 0)
307 
308 struct mtx_pool;
309 
310 struct mtx_pool *mtx_pool_create(const char *mtx_name, int pool_size, int opts);
311 void mtx_pool_destroy(struct mtx_pool **poolp);
312 struct mtx *mtx_pool_find(struct mtx_pool *pool, void *ptr);
313 struct mtx *mtx_pool_alloc(struct mtx_pool *pool);
314 #define mtx_pool_lock(pool, ptr)					\
315 	mtx_lock(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
316 #define mtx_pool_lock_spin(pool, ptr)					\
317 	mtx_lock_spin(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
318 #define mtx_pool_unlock(pool, ptr)					\
319 	mtx_unlock(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
320 #define mtx_pool_unlock_spin(pool, ptr)					\
321 	mtx_unlock_spin(mtx_pool_find((pool), (ptr)))
322 
323 /*
324  * mtxpool_sleep is a general purpose pool of sleep mutexes.
325  */
326 extern struct mtx_pool *mtxpool_sleep;
327 
328 #ifndef LOCK_DEBUG
329 #error LOCK_DEBUG not defined, include <sys/lock.h> before <sys/mutex.h>
330 #endif
331 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0 || defined(MUTEX_NOINLINE)
332 #define	mtx_lock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
333 	_mtx_lock_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
334 #define	mtx_unlock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
335 	_mtx_unlock_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
336 #define	mtx_lock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
337 	_mtx_lock_spin_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
338 #define	mtx_unlock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
339 	_mtx_unlock_spin_flags((m), (opts), (file), (line))
340 #else	/* LOCK_DEBUG == 0 && !MUTEX_NOINLINE */
341 #define	mtx_lock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
342 	__mtx_lock((m), curthread, (opts), (file), (line))
343 #define	mtx_unlock_flags_(m, opts, file, line)				\
344 	__mtx_unlock((m), curthread, (opts), (file), (line))
345 #define	mtx_lock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
346 	__mtx_lock_spin((m), curthread, (opts), (file), (line))
347 #define	mtx_unlock_spin_flags_(m, opts, file, line)			\
348 	__mtx_unlock_spin((m))
349 #endif	/* LOCK_DEBUG > 0 || MUTEX_NOINLINE */
350 
351 #ifdef INVARIANTS
352 #define	mtx_assert_(m, what, file, line)				\
353 	_mtx_assert((m), (what), (file), (line))
354 
355 #define GIANT_REQUIRED	mtx_assert_(&Giant, MA_OWNED, __FILE__, __LINE__)
356 
357 #else	/* INVARIANTS */
358 #define mtx_assert_(m, what, file, line)	(void)0
359 #define GIANT_REQUIRED
360 #endif	/* INVARIANTS */
361 
362 #define	mtx_lock_flags(m, opts)						\
363 	mtx_lock_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
364 #define	mtx_unlock_flags(m, opts)					\
365 	mtx_unlock_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
366 #define	mtx_lock_spin_flags(m, opts)					\
367 	mtx_lock_spin_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
368 #define	mtx_unlock_spin_flags(m, opts)					\
369 	mtx_unlock_spin_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
370 #define mtx_trylock_flags(m, opts)					\
371 	mtx_trylock_flags_((m), (opts), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
372 #define	mtx_assert(m, what)						\
373 	mtx_assert_((m), (what), __FILE__, __LINE__)
374 
375 #define	mtx_sleep(chan, mtx, pri, wmesg, timo)				\
376 	_sleep((chan), &(mtx)->lock_object, (pri), (wmesg),		\
377 	    tick_sbt * (timo), 0, C_HARDCLOCK)
378 
379 #define	mtx_initialized(m)	lock_initialized(&(m)->lock_object)
380 
381 #define mtx_owned(m)	(((m)->mtx_lock & ~MTX_FLAGMASK) == (uintptr_t)curthread)
382 
383 #define mtx_recursed(m)	((m)->mtx_recurse != 0)
384 
385 #define mtx_name(m)	((m)->lock_object.lo_name)
386 
387 /*
388  * Global locks.
389  */
390 extern struct mtx Giant;
391 extern struct mtx blocked_lock;
392 
393 /*
394  * Giant lock manipulation and clean exit macros.
395  * Used to replace return with an exit Giant and return.
396  *
397  * Note that DROP_GIANT*() needs to be paired with PICKUP_GIANT()
398  * The #ifndef is to allow lint-like tools to redefine DROP_GIANT.
399  */
400 #ifndef DROP_GIANT
401 #define DROP_GIANT()							\
402 do {									\
403 	int _giantcnt = 0;						\
404 	WITNESS_SAVE_DECL(Giant);					\
405 									\
406 	if (mtx_owned(&Giant)) {					\
407 		WITNESS_SAVE(&Giant.lock_object, Giant);		\
408 		for (_giantcnt = 0; mtx_owned(&Giant) &&		\
409 		    !SCHEDULER_STOPPED(); _giantcnt++)			\
410 			mtx_unlock(&Giant);				\
411 	}
412 
413 #define PICKUP_GIANT()							\
414 	PARTIAL_PICKUP_GIANT();						\
415 } while (0)
416 
417 #define PARTIAL_PICKUP_GIANT()						\
418 	mtx_assert(&Giant, MA_NOTOWNED);				\
419 	if (_giantcnt > 0) {						\
420 		while (_giantcnt--)					\
421 			mtx_lock(&Giant);				\
422 		WITNESS_RESTORE(&Giant.lock_object, Giant);		\
423 	}
424 #endif
425 
426 struct mtx_args {
427 	void		*ma_mtx;
428 	const char 	*ma_desc;
429 	int		 ma_opts;
430 };
431 
432 #define	MTX_SYSINIT(name, mtx, desc, opts)				\
433 	static struct mtx_args name##_args = {				\
434 		(mtx),							\
435 		(desc),							\
436 		(opts)							\
437 	};								\
438 	SYSINIT(name##_mtx_sysinit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
439 	    mtx_sysinit, &name##_args);					\
440 	SYSUNINIT(name##_mtx_sysuninit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
441 	    _mtx_destroy, __DEVOLATILE(void *, &(mtx)->mtx_lock))
442 
443 /*
444  * The INVARIANTS-enabled mtx_assert() functionality.
445  *
446  * The constants need to be defined for INVARIANT_SUPPORT infrastructure
447  * support as _mtx_assert() itself uses them and the latter implies that
448  * _mtx_assert() must build.
449  */
450 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
451 #define MA_OWNED	LA_XLOCKED
452 #define MA_NOTOWNED	LA_UNLOCKED
453 #define MA_RECURSED	LA_RECURSED
454 #define MA_NOTRECURSED	LA_NOTRECURSED
455 #endif
456 
457 /*
458  * Common lock type names.
459  */
460 #define	MTX_NETWORK_LOCK	"network driver"
461 
462 #endif	/* _KERNEL */
463 #endif	/* _SYS_MUTEX_H_ */
464