xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/namei.h (revision 53b70c86)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  *	@(#)namei.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 1/9/95
32  * $FreeBSD$
33  */
34 
35 #ifndef _SYS_NAMEI_H_
36 #define	_SYS_NAMEI_H_
37 
38 #include <sys/caprights.h>
39 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
40 #include <sys/queue.h>
41 #include <sys/_seqc.h>
42 #include <sys/_uio.h>
43 
44 enum nameiop { LOOKUP, CREATE, DELETE, RENAME };
45 
46 struct componentname {
47 	/*
48 	 * Arguments to lookup.
49 	 */
50 	u_int64_t cn_origflags;	/* flags to namei */
51 	u_int64_t cn_flags;	/* flags to namei */
52 	struct	thread *cn_thread;/* thread requesting lookup */
53 	struct	ucred *cn_cred;	/* credentials */
54 	enum nameiop cn_nameiop;	/* namei operation */
55 	int	cn_lkflags;	/* Lock flags LK_EXCLUSIVE or LK_SHARED */
56 	/*
57 	 * Shared between lookup and commit routines.
58 	 */
59 	char	*cn_pnbuf;	/* pathname buffer */
60 	char	*cn_nameptr;	/* pointer to looked up name */
61 	long	cn_namelen;	/* length of looked up component */
62 };
63 
64 struct nameicap_tracker;
65 TAILQ_HEAD(nameicap_tracker_head, nameicap_tracker);
66 
67 /*
68  * Encapsulation of namei parameters.
69  */
70 struct nameidata {
71 	/*
72 	 * Arguments to namei/lookup.
73 	 */
74 	const	char *ni_dirp;		/* pathname pointer */
75 	enum	uio_seg ni_segflg;	/* location of pathname */
76 	cap_rights_t *ni_rightsneeded;	/* rights required to look up vnode */
77 	/*
78 	 * Arguments to lookup.
79 	 */
80 	struct  vnode *ni_startdir;	/* starting directory */
81 	struct	vnode *ni_rootdir;	/* logical root directory */
82 	struct	vnode *ni_topdir;	/* logical top directory */
83 	int	ni_dirfd;		/* starting directory for *at functions */
84 	int	ni_lcf;			/* local call flags */
85 	/*
86 	 * Results: returned from namei
87 	 */
88 	struct filecaps ni_filecaps;	/* rights the *at base has */
89 	/*
90 	 * Results: returned from/manipulated by lookup
91 	 */
92 	struct	vnode *ni_vp;		/* vnode of result */
93 	struct	vnode *ni_dvp;		/* vnode of intermediate directory */
94 	/*
95 	 * Results: flags returned from namei
96 	 */
97 	u_int	ni_resflags;
98 	/*
99 	 * Debug for validating API use by the callers.
100 	 */
101 	u_short	ni_debugflags;
102 	/*
103 	 * Shared between namei and lookup/commit routines.
104 	 */
105 	u_short	ni_loopcnt;		/* count of symlinks encountered */
106 	size_t	ni_pathlen;		/* remaining chars in path */
107 	char	*ni_next;		/* next location in pathname */
108 	/*
109 	 * Lookup parameters: this structure describes the subset of
110 	 * information from the nameidata structure that is passed
111 	 * through the VOP interface.
112 	 */
113 	struct componentname ni_cnd;
114 	struct nameicap_tracker_head ni_cap_tracker;
115 	/*
116 	 * Private helper data for UFS, must be at the end.  See
117 	 * NDINIT_PREFILL().
118 	 */
119 	seqc_t	ni_dvp_seqc;
120 	seqc_t	ni_vp_seqc;
121 };
122 
123 #ifdef _KERNEL
124 
125 enum cache_fpl_status { CACHE_FPL_STATUS_DESTROYED, CACHE_FPL_STATUS_ABORTED,
126     CACHE_FPL_STATUS_PARTIAL, CACHE_FPL_STATUS_HANDLED, CACHE_FPL_STATUS_UNSET };
127 int	cache_fplookup(struct nameidata *ndp, enum cache_fpl_status *status,
128     struct pwd **pwdp);
129 
130 /*
131  * Flags for namei.
132  *
133  * If modifying the list make sure to check whether NDVALIDATE needs updating.
134  */
135 
136 /*
137  * Debug.
138  */
139 #define	NAMEI_DBG_INITED	0x0001
140 #define	NAMEI_DBG_CALLED	0x0002
141 #define	NAMEI_DBG_HADSTARTDIR	0x0004
142 
143 /*
144  * namei operational modifier flags, stored in ni_cnd.flags
145  */
146 #define	NC_NOMAKEENTRY	0x0001	/* name must not be added to cache */
147 #define	NC_KEEPPOSENTRY	0x0002	/* don't evict a positive entry */
148 #define	NOCACHE		NC_NOMAKEENTRY	/* for compatibility with older code */
149 #define	LOCKLEAF	0x0004	/* lock vnode on return */
150 #define	LOCKPARENT	0x0008	/* want parent vnode returned locked */
151 #define	WANTPARENT	0x0010	/* want parent vnode returned unlocked */
152 #define	FAILIFEXISTS	0x0020	/* return EEXIST if found */
153 #define	FOLLOW		0x0040	/* follow symbolic links */
154 #define	EMPTYPATH	0x0080	/* Allow empty path for *at */
155 #define	LOCKSHARED	0x0100	/* Shared lock leaf */
156 #define	NOFOLLOW	0x0000	/* do not follow symbolic links (pseudo) */
157 #define	RBENEATH	0x100000000ULL /* No escape, even tmp, from start dir */
158 #define	MODMASK		0xf000001ffULL	/* mask of operational modifiers */
159 
160 /*
161  * Namei parameter descriptors.
162  *
163  * SAVENAME may be set by either the callers of namei or by VOP_LOOKUP.
164  * If the caller of namei sets the flag (for example execve wants to
165  * know the name of the program that is being executed), then it must
166  * free the buffer. If VOP_LOOKUP sets the flag, then the buffer must
167  * be freed by either the commit routine or the VOP_ABORT routine.
168  * SAVESTART is set only by the callers of namei. It implies SAVENAME
169  * plus the addition of saving the parent directory that contains the
170  * name in ni_startdir. It allows repeated calls to lookup for the
171  * name being sought. The caller is responsible for releasing the
172  * buffer and for vrele'ing ni_startdir.
173  */
174 #define	RDONLY		0x00000200 /* lookup with read-only semantics */
175 #define	SAVENAME	0x00000400 /* save pathname buffer */
176 #define	SAVESTART	0x00000800 /* save starting directory */
177 #define	ISWHITEOUT	0x00001000 /* found whiteout */
178 #define	DOWHITEOUT	0x00002000 /* do whiteouts */
179 #define	WILLBEDIR	0x00004000 /* new files will be dirs; allow trailing / */
180 #define	ISOPEN		0x00008000 /* caller is opening; return a real vnode. */
181 #define	NOCROSSMOUNT	0x00010000 /* do not cross mount points */
182 #define	NOMACCHECK	0x00020000 /* do not perform MAC checks */
183 #define	AUDITVNODE1	0x00040000 /* audit the looked up vnode information */
184 #define	AUDITVNODE2	0x00080000 /* audit the looked up vnode information */
185 #define	NOCAPCHECK	0x00100000 /* do not perform capability checks */
186 #define	OPENREAD	0x00200000 /* open for reading */
187 #define	OPENWRITE	0x00400000 /* open for writing */
188 /* UNUSED		0x00800000 */
189 #define	HASBUF		0x01000000 /* has allocated pathname buffer */
190 #define	NOEXECCHECK	0x02000000 /* do not perform exec check on dir */
191 #define	MAKEENTRY	0x04000000 /* entry is to be added to name cache */
192 #define	ISSYMLINK	0x08000000 /* symlink needs interpretation */
193 #define	ISLASTCN	0x10000000 /* this is last component of pathname */
194 #define	ISDOTDOT	0x20000000 /* current component name is .. */
195 #define	TRAILINGSLASH	0x40000000 /* path ended in a slash */
196 #define	PARAMASK	0x7ffffe00 /* mask of parameter descriptors */
197 
198 /*
199  * Flags which must not be passed in by callers.
200  */
201 #define NAMEI_INTERNAL_FLAGS	\
202 	(HASBUF | NOEXECCHECK | MAKEENTRY | ISSYMLINK | ISLASTCN | ISDOTDOT | \
203 	 TRAILINGSLASH)
204 
205 /*
206  * Namei results flags
207  */
208 #define	NIRES_ABS	0x00000001 /* Path was absolute */
209 #define	NIRES_STRICTREL	0x00000002 /* Restricted lookup result */
210 #define	NIRES_EMPTYPATH	0x00000004 /* EMPTYPATH used */
211 
212 /*
213  * Flags in ni_lcf, valid for the duration of the namei call.
214  */
215 #define	NI_LCF_STRICTRELATIVE	0x0001	/* relative lookup only */
216 #define	NI_LCF_CAP_DOTDOT	0x0002	/* ".." in strictrelative case */
217 
218 /*
219  * Initialization of a nameidata structure.
220  */
221 #define	NDINIT(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, td)			\
222 	NDINIT_ALL(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, AT_FDCWD, NULL, &cap_no_rights, td)
223 #define	NDINIT_AT(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, dirfd, td)		\
224 	NDINIT_ALL(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, dirfd, NULL, &cap_no_rights, td)
225 #define	NDINIT_ATRIGHTS(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, dirfd, rightsp, td) \
226 	NDINIT_ALL(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, dirfd, NULL, rightsp, td)
227 #define	NDINIT_ATVP(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, vp, td)		\
228 	NDINIT_ALL(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, AT_FDCWD, vp, &cap_no_rights, td)
229 
230 /*
231  * Note the constant pattern may *hide* bugs.
232  */
233 #ifdef INVARIANTS
234 #define NDINIT_PREFILL(arg)	memset(arg, 0xff, offsetof(struct nameidata,	\
235     ni_dvp_seqc))
236 #define NDINIT_DBG(arg)		{ (arg)->ni_debugflags = NAMEI_DBG_INITED; }
237 #define NDREINIT_DBG(arg)	{						\
238 	if (((arg)->ni_debugflags & NAMEI_DBG_INITED) == 0)			\
239 		panic("namei data not inited");					\
240 	if (((arg)->ni_debugflags & NAMEI_DBG_HADSTARTDIR) != 0)		\
241 		panic("NDREINIT on namei data with NAMEI_DBG_HADSTARTDIR");	\
242 	(arg)->ni_debugflags = NAMEI_DBG_INITED;				\
243 }
244 #else
245 #define NDINIT_PREFILL(arg)	do { } while (0)
246 #define NDINIT_DBG(arg)		do { } while (0)
247 #define NDREINIT_DBG(arg)	do { } while (0)
248 #endif
249 
250 #define NDINIT_ALL(ndp, op, flags, segflg, namep, dirfd, startdir, rightsp, td)	\
251 do {										\
252 	struct nameidata *_ndp = (ndp);						\
253 	cap_rights_t *_rightsp = (rightsp);					\
254 	MPASS(_rightsp != NULL);						\
255 	NDINIT_PREFILL(_ndp);							\
256 	NDINIT_DBG(_ndp);							\
257 	_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameiop = op;						\
258 	_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_flags = flags;						\
259 	_ndp->ni_segflg = segflg;						\
260 	_ndp->ni_dirp = namep;							\
261 	_ndp->ni_dirfd = dirfd;							\
262 	_ndp->ni_startdir = startdir;						\
263 	_ndp->ni_resflags = 0;							\
264 	filecaps_init(&_ndp->ni_filecaps);					\
265 	_ndp->ni_cnd.cn_thread = td;						\
266 	_ndp->ni_rightsneeded = _rightsp;					\
267 } while (0)
268 
269 #define NDREINIT(ndp)	do {							\
270 	struct nameidata *_ndp = (ndp);						\
271 	NDREINIT_DBG(_ndp);							\
272 	_ndp->ni_resflags = 0;							\
273 	_ndp->ni_startdir = NULL;						\
274 } while (0)
275 
276 #define	NDPREINIT(ndp) do {							\
277 	(ndp)->ni_dvp_seqc = SEQC_MOD;						\
278 	(ndp)->ni_vp_seqc = SEQC_MOD;						\
279 } while (0)
280 
281 #define NDF_NO_DVP_RELE		0x00000001
282 #define NDF_NO_DVP_UNLOCK	0x00000002
283 #define NDF_NO_DVP_PUT		0x00000003
284 #define NDF_NO_VP_RELE		0x00000004
285 #define NDF_NO_VP_UNLOCK	0x00000008
286 #define NDF_NO_VP_PUT		0x0000000c
287 #define NDF_NO_STARTDIR_RELE	0x00000010
288 #define NDF_NO_FREE_PNBUF	0x00000020
289 #define NDF_ONLY_PNBUF		(~NDF_NO_FREE_PNBUF)
290 
291 void NDFREE_PNBUF(struct nameidata *);
292 void NDFREE(struct nameidata *, const u_int);
293 #define NDFREE(ndp, flags) do {						\
294 	struct nameidata *_ndp = (ndp);					\
295 	if (__builtin_constant_p(flags) && flags == NDF_ONLY_PNBUF)	\
296 		NDFREE_PNBUF(_ndp);					\
297 	else								\
298 		NDFREE(_ndp, flags);					\
299 } while (0)
300 
301 #ifdef INVARIANTS
302 void NDFREE_NOTHING(struct nameidata *);
303 void NDVALIDATE(struct nameidata *);
304 #else
305 #define NDFREE_NOTHING(ndp)	do { } while (0)
306 #define NDVALIDATE(ndp)	do { } while (0)
307 #endif
308 
309 int	namei(struct nameidata *ndp);
310 int	lookup(struct nameidata *ndp);
311 int	relookup(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode **vpp,
312 	    struct componentname *cnp);
313 #endif
314 
315 /*
316  * Stats on usefulness of namei caches.
317  */
318 struct nchstats {
319 	long	ncs_goodhits;		/* hits that we can really use */
320 	long	ncs_neghits;		/* negative hits that we can use */
321 	long	ncs_badhits;		/* hits we must drop */
322 	long	ncs_falsehits;		/* hits with id mismatch */
323 	long	ncs_miss;		/* misses */
324 	long	ncs_long;		/* long names that ignore cache */
325 	long	ncs_pass2;		/* names found with passes == 2 */
326 	long	ncs_2passes;		/* number of times we attempt it */
327 };
328 
329 extern struct nchstats nchstats;
330 
331 #endif /* !_SYS_NAMEI_H_ */
332