xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/common/sys/poll_impl.h (revision 4d9fdb46)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License, Version 1.0 only
6  * (the "License").  You may not use this file except in compliance
7  * with the License.
8  *
9  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
10  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
11  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
12  * and limitations under the License.
13  *
14  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
15  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
16  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
17  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
18  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
19  *
20  * CDDL HEADER END
21  */
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * Copyright 2017 Joyent, Inc.
29  */
30 
31 #ifndef _SYS_POLL_IMPL_H
32 #define	_SYS_POLL_IMPL_H
33 
34 /*
35  * Caching Poll Subsystem:
36  *
37  * Each kernel thread (1), if engaged in poll system call, has a reference to
38  * a pollstate_t (2), which contains relevant flags and locks.  The pollstate_t
39  * contains a pointer to a pollcache_t (3), which caches the state of previous
40  * calls to poll.  A bitmap (4) is stored inside the poll cache, where each
41  * bit represents a file descriptor.  The bits are set if the corresponding
42  * device has a polled event pending.  Only fds with their bit set will be
43  * examined on the next poll invocation.  The pollstate_t also contains a list
44  * of fd sets (5), which are represented by the pollcacheset_t type.  These
45  * structures keep track of the pollfd_t arrays (6) passed in from userland.
46  * Each polled file descriptor has a corresponding polldat_t which can be
47  * chained onto a device's pollhead, and these are kept in a hash table (7)
48  * inside the pollcache_t.  The hash table allows efficient conversion of a
49  * given fd to its corresponding polldat_t.
50  *
51  * (1)              (2)
52  * +-----------+    +-------------+
53  * | kthread_t |--->| pollstate_t |-->+-------------+  (6)
54  * +-----------+    +-------------+(5)| pcacheset_t |->[_][_][_][_] pollfd_t
55  *                          |         +-------------+
56  *                          |         | pcacheset_t |->[_][_][_][_] pollfd_t
57  * (1a)                     |         +-------------+
58  * +---------------+	    |
59  * | /dev/poll tbl |	    |
60  * +-v-------------+	    |
61  *   |			    |
62  *   +------------------+   |
63  * (7)              (3) V   v
64  * polldat hash     +-------------+    (4) bitmap representing fd space
65  * [_][_][_][_]<----|             |--->000010010010001010101010101010110
66  *  |  |  |  |      | pollcache_t |
67  *  .  v  .  .      |             |
68  *    [polldat_t]   +-------------+
69  *     |
70  *    [polldat_t]
71  *     |
72  *     v
73  *     NULL
74  *
75  *
76  * Both poll system call and /dev/poll use the pollcache_t structure
77  * definition and the routines managing the structure. But poll(2) and
78  * /dev/poll have their own copy of the structures. The /dev/poll driver
79  * table (1a) contains an array of pointers, each pointing at a pollcache_t
80  * struct (3). A device minor number is used as an device table index.
81  *
82  */
83 #include <sys/poll.h>
84 
85 #if defined(_KERNEL) || defined(_KMEMUSER)
86 
87 #include <sys/thread.h>
88 #include <sys/file.h>
89 #include <sys/port_kernel.h>
90 
91 #ifdef	__cplusplus
92 extern "C" {
93 #endif
94 
95 /*
96  * Typedefs
97  */
98 struct pollcache;
99 struct pollstate;
100 struct pcachelink;
101 struct polldat;
102 
103 typedef struct pollcache pollcache_t;
104 typedef struct pollstate pollstate_t;
105 typedef struct pcachelink pcachelink_t;
106 typedef struct polldat polldat_t;
107 
108 /*
109  * description of pollcacheset structure
110  */
111 typedef struct pollcacheset {
112 	uintptr_t	pcs_usradr;	/* usr pollfd array address */
113 	pollfd_t	*pcs_pollfd;	/* cached poll lists */
114 	size_t		pcs_nfds;	/* number of poll fd in cached list */
115 	ulong_t		pcs_count;	/* for LU replacement policy */
116 } pollcacheset_t;
117 
118 #define	POLLFDSETS	2
119 
120 /*
121  * Maximum depth for recusive poll operations.
122  */
123 #define	POLLMAXDEPTH	5
124 
125 /*
126  * State information kept by each polling thread
127  */
128 struct pollstate {
129 	pollfd_t	*ps_pollfd;	/* hold the current poll list */
130 	size_t		ps_nfds;	/* size of ps_pollfd */
131 	kmutex_t	ps_lock;	/* mutex for sleep/wakeup */
132 	pollcache_t	*ps_pcache;	/* cached poll fd set */
133 	pollcacheset_t	*ps_pcacheset;	/* cached poll lists */
134 	int		ps_nsets;	/* no. of cached poll sets */
135 	pollfd_t	*ps_dpbuf;	/* return pollfd buf used by devpoll */
136 	size_t		ps_dpbufsize;	/* size of ps_dpbuf */
137 	int		ps_depth;	/* epoll recursion depth */
138 	pollcache_t	*ps_pc_stack[POLLMAXDEPTH]; /* epoll recursion state */
139 	pollcache_t	*ps_contend_pc;		/* pollcache waited on */
140 	pollstate_t	*ps_contend_nextp;	/* next in contender list */
141 	pollstate_t	**ps_contend_pnextp;	/* pointer-to-previous-next */
142 	int		ps_flags;	/* state flags */
143 };
144 
145 /* pollstate flags */
146 #define	POLLSTATE_STALEMATE	0x1
147 #define	POLLSTATE_ULFAIL	0x2
148 
149 /* pollstate_enter results */
150 #define	PSE_SUCCESS		0
151 #define	PSE_FAIL_DEPTH		1
152 #define	PSE_FAIL_LOOP		2
153 #define	PSE_FAIL_DEADLOCK	3
154 #define	PSE_FAIL_POLLSTATE	4
155 
156 /*
157  * poll cache size defines
158  */
159 #define	POLLCHUNKSHIFT		8	/* hash table increment size is 256 */
160 #define	POLLHASHCHUNKSZ		(1 << POLLCHUNKSHIFT)
161 #define	POLLHASHINC		2	/* poll hash table growth factor */
162 #define	POLLHASHTHRESHOLD	2	/* poll hash list length threshold */
163 #define	POLLHASH(x, y)	((y) % (x))	/* poll hash function */
164 
165 /*
166  * poll.c assumes the POLLMAPCHUNK is power of 2
167  */
168 #define	POLLMAPCHUNK	2048	/* bitmap inc -- each for 2K of polled fd's */
169 
170 /*
171  * used to refrence from watched fd back to the fd position in cached
172  * poll list for quick revents update.
173  */
174 typedef struct xref {
175 	ssize_t	xf_position;    /* xref fd position in poll fd list */
176 	short	xf_refcnt;	/* ref cnt of same fd in poll list */
177 } xref_t;
178 
179 #define	POLLPOSINVAL	(-1L)	/* xf_position is invalid */
180 #define	POLLPOSTRANS	(-2L)	/* xf_position is transient state */
181 
182 
183 typedef enum pclstate {
184 	PCL_INIT = 0,	/* just allocated/zeroed, prior */
185 	PCL_VALID,	/* linked with both parent and child pollcaches */
186 	PCL_STALE,	/* still linked but marked stale, pending refresh */
187 	PCL_INVALID,	/* dissociated from one pollcache, awaiting cleanup */
188 	PCL_FREE	/* only meant to indicate use-after-free */
189 } pclstate_t;
190 
191 /*
192  * The pcachelink struct creates an association between parent and child
193  * pollcaches in a recursive /dev/poll operation.  Fields are protected by
194  * pcl_lock although manipulation of pcl_child_next or pcl_parent_next also
195  * requires holding pc_lock in the respective pcl_parent_pc or pcl_child_pc
196  * pollcache.
197  */
198 struct pcachelink {
199 	kmutex_t	pcl_lock;		/* protects contents */
200 	pclstate_t	pcl_state;		/* status of link entry */
201 	int		pcl_refcnt;		/* ref cnt of linked pcaches */
202 	pollcache_t	*pcl_child_pc;		/* child pollcache */
203 	pollcache_t	*pcl_parent_pc;		/* parent pollcache */
204 	pcachelink_t	*pcl_child_next;	/* next in child list */
205 	pcachelink_t	*pcl_parent_next;	/* next in parents list */
206 };
207 
208 
209 /*
210  * polldat is an entry for a cached poll fd. A polldat struct can be in
211  * poll cache table as well as on pollhead ph_list, which is used by
212  * pollwakeup to wake up a sleeping poller. There should be one polldat
213  * per polled fd hanging off pollstate struct.
214  */
215 struct polldat {
216 	int		pd_fd;		/* cached poll fd */
217 	int		pd_events;	/* union of all polled events */
218 	file_t		*pd_fp;		/* used to detect fd reuse */
219 	pollhead_t	*pd_php;	/* used to undo poll registration */
220 	kthread_t	*pd_thread;	/* used for waking up a sleep thrd */
221 	pollcache_t	*pd_pcache;	/* a ptr to the pollcache of this fd */
222 	polldat_t	*pd_next;	/* next on pollhead's ph_list */
223 	polldat_t	*pd_hashnext;	/* next on pollhead's ph_list */
224 	int		pd_count;	/* total count from all ref'ed sets */
225 	int		pd_nsets;	/* num of xref sets, used by poll(2) */
226 	xref_t		*pd_ref;	/* ptr to xref info, 1 for each set */
227 	port_kevent_t	*pd_portev;	/* associated port event struct */
228 	uf_entry_gen_t	pd_gen;		/* fd generation at cache time */
229 	uint64_t	pd_epolldata;	/* epoll data, if any */
230 };
231 
232 /*
233  * One cache for each thread that polls. Points to a bitmap (used by pollwakeup)
234  * and a hash table of polldats.
235  * The offset of pc_lock field must be kept in sync with the pc_lock offset
236  * of port_fdcache_t, both structs implement pc_lock with offset 0 (see also
237  * pollrelock()).
238  */
239 struct pollcache {
240 	kmutex_t	pc_lock;	/* lock to protect pollcache */
241 	ulong_t		*pc_bitmap;	/* point to poll fd bitmap */
242 	polldat_t	**pc_hash;	/* points to a hash table of ptrs */
243 	int		pc_mapend;	/* the largest fd encountered so far */
244 	int		pc_mapsize;	/* the size of current map */
245 	int		pc_hashsize;	/* the size of current hash table */
246 	int		pc_fdcount;	/* track how many fd's are hashed */
247 	int		pc_flag;	/* see pc_flag define below */
248 	int		pc_busy;	/* can only exit when its 0 */
249 	kmutex_t	pc_no_exit;	/* protects pc_busy*, can't be nested */
250 	kcondvar_t	pc_busy_cv;	/* cv to wait on if ps_busy != 0 */
251 	kcondvar_t	pc_cv;		/* cv to wait on if needed */
252 	pid_t		pc_pid;		/* for check acc rights, devpoll only */
253 	int		pc_mapstart;	/* where search start, devpoll only */
254 	pcachelink_t	*pc_parents;	/* linked list of epoll parents */
255 	pcachelink_t	*pc_children;	/* linked list of epoll children */
256 };
257 
258 /* pc_flag */
259 #define	PC_POLLWAKE	0x02	/* pollwakeup() occurred */
260 #define	PC_EPOLL	0x04	/* pollcache is epoll-enabled */
261 
262 #if defined(_KERNEL)
263 /*
264  * Internal routines.
265  */
266 extern void pollnotify(pollcache_t *, int);
267 
268 /*
269  * public poll head interfaces (see poll.h):
270  *
271  *  pollhead_clean      clean up all polldats on a pollhead list
272  */
273 extern void pollhead_clean(pollhead_t *);
274 
275 /*
276  * private poll head interfaces:
277  *
278  *  pollhead_insert     adds a polldat to a pollhead list
279  *  pollhead_delete     removes a polldat from a pollhead list
280  */
281 extern void pollhead_insert(pollhead_t *, polldat_t *);
282 extern void pollhead_delete(pollhead_t *, polldat_t *);
283 
284 /*
285  * poll state interfaces:
286  *
287  *  pollstate_create	initializes per-thread pollstate
288  *  pollstate_destroy	cleans up per-thread pollstate
289  *  pollstate_enter	safely lock pollcache for pollstate
290  *  pollstate_exit	unlock pollcache from pollstate
291  */
292 extern pollstate_t *pollstate_create(void);
293 extern void pollstate_destroy(pollstate_t *);
294 extern int pollstate_enter(pollcache_t *);
295 extern void pollstate_exit(pollcache_t *);
296 
297 /*
298  * public pcache interfaces:
299  *
300  *  pcache_alloc	allocate a poll cache skeleton
301  *  pcache_create       creates all poll cache supporting data struct
302  *  pcache_insert	cache a poll fd, calls pcache_insert_fd
303  *  pcache_lookup       given an fd list, returns a cookie
304  *  pcache_poll         polls the cache for fd's having events on them
305  *  pcache_clean        clean up all the pollhead and fpollinfo reference
306  *  pcache_destroy      destroys the pcache
307  */
308 extern pollcache_t *pcache_alloc();
309 extern void pcache_create(pollcache_t *, nfds_t);
310 extern int pcache_insert(pollstate_t *, file_t *, pollfd_t *, int *, ssize_t,
311     int);
312 extern int pcache_poll(pollfd_t *, pollstate_t *, nfds_t, int *, int);
313 extern void pcache_clean(pollcache_t *);
314 extern void pcache_destroy(pollcache_t *);
315 
316 /*
317  * private pcache interfaces:
318  *
319  *  pcache_lookup_fd	lookup an fd, returns a polldat
320  *  pcache_alloc_fd	allocates and returns a polldat
321  *  pcache_insert_fd	insert an fd into pcache (called by pcache_insert)
322  *  pcache_delete_fd	insert an fd into pcache (called by pcacheset_delete_fd)
323  *  pcache_grow_hashtbl	grows the pollcache hash table and rehash
324  *  pcache_grow_map	grows the pollcache bitmap
325  *  pcache_update_xref	update cross ref (from polldat back to cacheset) info
326  *  pcache_clean_entry	cleanup an entry in pcache and more...
327  *  pcache_wake_parents	wake linked parent pollcaches
328  */
329 extern polldat_t *pcache_lookup_fd(pollcache_t *, int);
330 extern polldat_t *pcache_alloc_fd(int);
331 extern void pcache_insert_fd(pollcache_t *, polldat_t *, nfds_t);
332 extern int pcache_delete_fd(pollstate_t *, int, size_t, int, uint_t);
333 extern void pcache_grow_hashtbl(pollcache_t *, nfds_t);
334 extern void pcache_grow_map(pollcache_t *, int);
335 extern void pcache_update_xref(pollcache_t *, int, ssize_t, int);
336 extern void pcache_clean_entry(pollstate_t *, int);
337 extern void pcache_wake_parents(pollcache_t *);
338 
339 /*
340  * pcacheset interfaces:
341  *
342  * pcacheset_create     creates new pcachesets (easier for dynamic pcachesets)
343  * pcacheset_destroy    destroys a pcacheset
344  * pcacheset_cache_list caches and polls a new poll list
345  * pcacheset_remove_list removes (usually a partial) cached poll list
346  * pcacheset_resolve    resolves extant pcacheset and fd list
347  * pcacheset_cmp        compares a pcacheset with an fd list
348  * pcacheset_invalidate invalidate entries in pcachesets
349  * pcacheset_reset_count resets the usage counter of pcachesets
350  * pcacheset_replace	selects a poll cacheset for replacement
351  */
352 extern pollcacheset_t *pcacheset_create(int);
353 extern void pcacheset_destroy(pollcacheset_t *, int);
354 extern int pcacheset_cache_list(pollstate_t *, pollfd_t *, int *, int);
355 extern void pcacheset_remove_list(pollstate_t *, pollfd_t *, int, int, int,
356     int);
357 extern int pcacheset_resolve(pollstate_t *, nfds_t, int *, int);
358 extern int pcacheset_cmp(pollfd_t *, pollfd_t *, pollfd_t *, int);
359 extern void pcacheset_invalidate(pollstate_t *, polldat_t *);
360 extern void pcacheset_reset_count(pollstate_t *, int);
361 extern int pcacheset_replace(pollstate_t *);
362 
363 #endif /* defined(_KERNEL) */
364 
365 #ifdef	__cplusplus
366 }
367 #endif
368 
369 #endif /* defined(_KERNEL) || defined(_KMEMUSER) */
370 
371 #endif	/* _SYS_POLL_IMPL_H */
372