xref: /linux/fs/bcachefs/extents_format.h (revision e91c37f1)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _BCACHEFS_EXTENTS_FORMAT_H
3 #define _BCACHEFS_EXTENTS_FORMAT_H
4 
5 /*
6  * In extent bkeys, the value is a list of pointers (bch_extent_ptr), optionally
7  * preceded by checksum/compression information (bch_extent_crc32 or
8  * bch_extent_crc64).
9  *
10  * One major determining factor in the format of extents is how we handle and
11  * represent extents that have been partially overwritten and thus trimmed:
12  *
13  * If an extent is not checksummed or compressed, when the extent is trimmed we
14  * don't have to remember the extent we originally allocated and wrote: we can
15  * merely adjust ptr->offset to point to the start of the data that is currently
16  * live. The size field in struct bkey records the current (live) size of the
17  * extent, and is also used to mean "size of region on disk that we point to" in
18  * this case.
19  *
20  * Thus an extent that is not checksummed or compressed will consist only of a
21  * list of bch_extent_ptrs, with none of the fields in
22  * bch_extent_crc32/bch_extent_crc64.
23  *
24  * When an extent is checksummed or compressed, it's not possible to read only
25  * the data that is currently live: we have to read the entire extent that was
26  * originally written, and then return only the part of the extent that is
27  * currently live.
28  *
29  * Thus, in addition to the current size of the extent in struct bkey, we need
30  * to store the size of the originally allocated space - this is the
31  * compressed_size and uncompressed_size fields in bch_extent_crc32/64. Also,
32  * when the extent is trimmed, instead of modifying the offset field of the
33  * pointer, we keep a second smaller offset field - "offset into the original
34  * extent of the currently live region".
35  *
36  * The other major determining factor is replication and data migration:
37  *
38  * Each pointer may have its own bch_extent_crc32/64. When doing a replicated
39  * write, we will initially write all the replicas in the same format, with the
40  * same checksum type and compression format - however, when copygc runs later (or
41  * tiering/cache promotion, anything that moves data), it is not in general
42  * going to rewrite all the pointers at once - one of the replicas may be in a
43  * bucket on one device that has very little fragmentation while another lives
44  * in a bucket that has become heavily fragmented, and thus is being rewritten
45  * sooner than the rest.
46  *
47  * Thus it will only move a subset of the pointers (or in the case of
48  * tiering/cache promotion perhaps add a single pointer without dropping any
49  * current pointers), and if the extent has been partially overwritten it must
50  * write only the currently live portion (or copygc would not be able to reduce
51  * fragmentation!) - which necessitates a different bch_extent_crc format for
52  * the new pointer.
53  *
54  * But in the interests of space efficiency, we don't want to store one
55  * bch_extent_crc for each pointer if we don't have to.
56  *
57  * Thus, a bch_extent consists of bch_extent_crc32s, bch_extent_crc64s, and
58  * bch_extent_ptrs appended arbitrarily one after the other. We determine the
59  * type of a given entry with a scheme similar to utf8 (except we're encoding a
60  * type, not a size), encoding the type in the position of the first set bit:
61  *
62  * bch_extent_crc32	- 0b1
63  * bch_extent_ptr	- 0b10
64  * bch_extent_crc64	- 0b100
65  *
66  * We do it this way because bch_extent_crc32 is _very_ constrained on bits (and
67  * bch_extent_crc64 is the least constrained).
68  *
69  * Then, each bch_extent_crc32/64 applies to the pointers that follow after it,
70  * until the next bch_extent_crc32/64.
71  *
72  * If there are no bch_extent_crcs preceding a bch_extent_ptr, then that pointer
73  * is neither checksummed nor compressed.
74  */
75 
76 #define BCH_EXTENT_ENTRY_TYPES()		\
77 	x(ptr,			0)		\
78 	x(crc32,		1)		\
79 	x(crc64,		2)		\
80 	x(crc128,		3)		\
81 	x(stripe_ptr,		4)		\
82 	x(rebalance,		5)
83 #define BCH_EXTENT_ENTRY_MAX	6
84 
85 enum bch_extent_entry_type {
86 #define x(f, n) BCH_EXTENT_ENTRY_##f = n,
87 	BCH_EXTENT_ENTRY_TYPES()
88 #undef x
89 };
90 
91 /* Compressed/uncompressed size are stored biased by 1: */
92 struct bch_extent_crc32 {
93 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
94 	__u32			type:2,
95 				_compressed_size:7,
96 				_uncompressed_size:7,
97 				offset:7,
98 				_unused:1,
99 				csum_type:4,
100 				compression_type:4;
101 	__u32			csum;
102 #elif defined (__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
103 	__u32			csum;
104 	__u32			compression_type:4,
105 				csum_type:4,
106 				_unused:1,
107 				offset:7,
108 				_uncompressed_size:7,
109 				_compressed_size:7,
110 				type:2;
111 #endif
112 } __packed __aligned(8);
113 
114 #define CRC32_SIZE_MAX		(1U << 7)
115 #define CRC32_NONCE_MAX		0
116 
117 struct bch_extent_crc64 {
118 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
119 	__u64			type:3,
120 				_compressed_size:9,
121 				_uncompressed_size:9,
122 				offset:9,
123 				nonce:10,
124 				csum_type:4,
125 				compression_type:4,
126 				csum_hi:16;
127 #elif defined (__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
128 	__u64			csum_hi:16,
129 				compression_type:4,
130 				csum_type:4,
131 				nonce:10,
132 				offset:9,
133 				_uncompressed_size:9,
134 				_compressed_size:9,
135 				type:3;
136 #endif
137 	__u64			csum_lo;
138 } __packed __aligned(8);
139 
140 #define CRC64_SIZE_MAX		(1U << 9)
141 #define CRC64_NONCE_MAX		((1U << 10) - 1)
142 
143 struct bch_extent_crc128 {
144 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
145 	__u64			type:4,
146 				_compressed_size:13,
147 				_uncompressed_size:13,
148 				offset:13,
149 				nonce:13,
150 				csum_type:4,
151 				compression_type:4;
152 #elif defined (__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
153 	__u64			compression_type:4,
154 				csum_type:4,
155 				nonce:13,
156 				offset:13,
157 				_uncompressed_size:13,
158 				_compressed_size:13,
159 				type:4;
160 #endif
161 	struct bch_csum		csum;
162 } __packed __aligned(8);
163 
164 #define CRC128_SIZE_MAX		(1U << 13)
165 #define CRC128_NONCE_MAX	((1U << 13) - 1)
166 
167 /*
168  * @reservation - pointer hasn't been written to, just reserved
169  */
170 struct bch_extent_ptr {
171 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
172 	__u64			type:1,
173 				cached:1,
174 				unused:1,
175 				unwritten:1,
176 				offset:44, /* 8 petabytes */
177 				dev:8,
178 				gen:8;
179 #elif defined (__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
180 	__u64			gen:8,
181 				dev:8,
182 				offset:44,
183 				unwritten:1,
184 				unused:1,
185 				cached:1,
186 				type:1;
187 #endif
188 } __packed __aligned(8);
189 
190 struct bch_extent_stripe_ptr {
191 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
192 	__u64			type:5,
193 				block:8,
194 				redundancy:4,
195 				idx:47;
196 #elif defined (__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
197 	__u64			idx:47,
198 				redundancy:4,
199 				block:8,
200 				type:5;
201 #endif
202 };
203 
204 struct bch_extent_rebalance {
205 #if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
206 	__u64			type:6,
207 				unused:34,
208 				compression:8, /* enum bch_compression_opt */
209 				target:16;
210 #elif defined (__BIG_ENDIAN_BITFIELD)
211 	__u64			target:16,
212 				compression:8,
213 				unused:34,
214 				type:6;
215 #endif
216 };
217 
218 union bch_extent_entry {
219 #if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__ ||  __BITS_PER_LONG == 64
220 	unsigned long			type;
221 #elif __BITS_PER_LONG == 32
222 	struct {
223 		unsigned long		pad;
224 		unsigned long		type;
225 	};
226 #else
227 #error edit for your odd byteorder.
228 #endif
229 
230 #define x(f, n) struct bch_extent_##f	f;
231 	BCH_EXTENT_ENTRY_TYPES()
232 #undef x
233 };
234 
235 struct bch_btree_ptr {
236 	struct bch_val		v;
237 
238 	__u64			_data[0];
239 	struct bch_extent_ptr	start[];
240 } __packed __aligned(8);
241 
242 struct bch_btree_ptr_v2 {
243 	struct bch_val		v;
244 
245 	__u64			mem_ptr;
246 	__le64			seq;
247 	__le16			sectors_written;
248 	__le16			flags;
249 	struct bpos		min_key;
250 	__u64			_data[0];
251 	struct bch_extent_ptr	start[];
252 } __packed __aligned(8);
253 
254 LE16_BITMASK(BTREE_PTR_RANGE_UPDATED,	struct bch_btree_ptr_v2, flags, 0, 1);
255 
256 struct bch_extent {
257 	struct bch_val		v;
258 
259 	__u64			_data[0];
260 	union bch_extent_entry	start[];
261 } __packed __aligned(8);
262 
263 /* Maximum size (in u64s) a single pointer could be: */
264 #define BKEY_EXTENT_PTR_U64s_MAX\
265 	((sizeof(struct bch_extent_crc128) +			\
266 	  sizeof(struct bch_extent_ptr)) / sizeof(__u64))
267 
268 /* Maximum possible size of an entire extent value: */
269 #define BKEY_EXTENT_VAL_U64s_MAX				\
270 	(1 + BKEY_EXTENT_PTR_U64s_MAX * (BCH_REPLICAS_MAX + 1))
271 
272 /* * Maximum possible size of an entire extent, key + value: */
273 #define BKEY_EXTENT_U64s_MAX		(BKEY_U64s + BKEY_EXTENT_VAL_U64s_MAX)
274 
275 /* Btree pointers don't carry around checksums: */
276 #define BKEY_BTREE_PTR_VAL_U64s_MAX				\
277 	((sizeof(struct bch_btree_ptr_v2) +			\
278 	  sizeof(struct bch_extent_ptr) * BCH_REPLICAS_MAX) / sizeof(__u64))
279 #define BKEY_BTREE_PTR_U64s_MAX					\
280 	(BKEY_U64s + BKEY_BTREE_PTR_VAL_U64s_MAX)
281 
282 struct bch_reservation {
283 	struct bch_val		v;
284 
285 	__le32			generation;
286 	__u8			nr_replicas;
287 	__u8			pad[3];
288 } __packed __aligned(8);
289 
290 struct bch_inline_data {
291 	struct bch_val		v;
292 	u8			data[];
293 };
294 
295 #endif /* _BCACHEFS_EXTENTS_FORMAT_H */
296