xref: /linux/include/linux/rbtree_augmented.h (revision 44f57d78)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 /*
3   Red Black Trees
4   (C) 1999  Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de>
5   (C) 2002  David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
6   (C) 2012  Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
7 
8 
9   linux/include/linux/rbtree_augmented.h
10 */
11 
12 #ifndef _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
13 #define _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H
14 
15 #include <linux/compiler.h>
16 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
17 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
18 
19 /*
20  * Please note - only struct rb_augment_callbacks and the prototypes for
21  * rb_insert_augmented() and rb_erase_augmented() are intended to be public.
22  * The rest are implementation details you are not expected to depend on.
23  *
24  * See Documentation/rbtree.txt for documentation and samples.
25  */
26 
27 struct rb_augment_callbacks {
28 	void (*propagate)(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_node *stop);
29 	void (*copy)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
30 	void (*rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new);
31 };
32 
33 extern void __rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node,
34 				  struct rb_root *root,
35 				  bool newleft, struct rb_node **leftmost,
36 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
37 /*
38  * Fixup the rbtree and update the augmented information when rebalancing.
39  *
40  * On insertion, the user must update the augmented information on the path
41  * leading to the inserted node, then call rb_link_node() as usual and
42  * rb_insert_augmented() instead of the usual rb_insert_color() call.
43  * If rb_insert_augmented() rebalances the rbtree, it will callback into
44  * a user provided function to update the augmented information on the
45  * affected subtrees.
46  */
47 static inline void
48 rb_insert_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
49 		    const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
50 {
51 	__rb_insert_augmented(node, root, false, NULL, augment->rotate);
52 }
53 
54 static inline void
55 rb_insert_augmented_cached(struct rb_node *node,
56 			   struct rb_root_cached *root, bool newleft,
57 			   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
58 {
59 	__rb_insert_augmented(node, &root->rb_root,
60 			      newleft, &root->rb_leftmost, augment->rotate);
61 }
62 
63 #define RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(rbstatic, rbname, rbstruct, rbfield,	\
64 			     rbtype, rbaugmented, rbcompute)		\
65 static inline void							\
66 rbname ## _propagate(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *stop)		\
67 {									\
68 	while (rb != stop) {						\
69 		rbstruct *node = rb_entry(rb, rbstruct, rbfield);	\
70 		rbtype augmented = rbcompute(node);			\
71 		if (node->rbaugmented == augmented)			\
72 			break;						\
73 		node->rbaugmented = augmented;				\
74 		rb = rb_parent(&node->rbfield);				\
75 	}								\
76 }									\
77 static inline void							\
78 rbname ## _copy(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)		\
79 {									\
80 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
81 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
82 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
83 }									\
84 static void								\
85 rbname ## _rotate(struct rb_node *rb_old, struct rb_node *rb_new)	\
86 {									\
87 	rbstruct *old = rb_entry(rb_old, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
88 	rbstruct *new = rb_entry(rb_new, rbstruct, rbfield);		\
89 	new->rbaugmented = old->rbaugmented;				\
90 	old->rbaugmented = rbcompute(old);				\
91 }									\
92 rbstatic const struct rb_augment_callbacks rbname = {			\
93 	.propagate = rbname ## _propagate,				\
94 	.copy = rbname ## _copy,					\
95 	.rotate = rbname ## _rotate					\
96 };
97 
98 
99 #define	RB_RED		0
100 #define	RB_BLACK	1
101 
102 #define __rb_parent(pc)    ((struct rb_node *)(pc & ~3))
103 
104 #define __rb_color(pc)     ((pc) & 1)
105 #define __rb_is_black(pc)  __rb_color(pc)
106 #define __rb_is_red(pc)    (!__rb_color(pc))
107 #define rb_color(rb)       __rb_color((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
108 #define rb_is_red(rb)      __rb_is_red((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
109 #define rb_is_black(rb)    __rb_is_black((rb)->__rb_parent_color)
110 
111 static inline void rb_set_parent(struct rb_node *rb, struct rb_node *p)
112 {
113 	rb->__rb_parent_color = rb_color(rb) | (unsigned long)p;
114 }
115 
116 static inline void rb_set_parent_color(struct rb_node *rb,
117 				       struct rb_node *p, int color)
118 {
119 	rb->__rb_parent_color = (unsigned long)p | color;
120 }
121 
122 static inline void
123 __rb_change_child(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
124 		  struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
125 {
126 	if (parent) {
127 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
128 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, new);
129 		else
130 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_right, new);
131 	} else
132 		WRITE_ONCE(root->rb_node, new);
133 }
134 
135 static inline void
136 __rb_change_child_rcu(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new,
137 		      struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root)
138 {
139 	if (parent) {
140 		if (parent->rb_left == old)
141 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_left, new);
142 		else
143 			rcu_assign_pointer(parent->rb_right, new);
144 	} else
145 		rcu_assign_pointer(root->rb_node, new);
146 }
147 
148 extern void __rb_erase_color(struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_root *root,
149 	void (*augment_rotate)(struct rb_node *old, struct rb_node *new));
150 
151 static __always_inline struct rb_node *
152 __rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
153 		     struct rb_node **leftmost,
154 		     const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
155 {
156 	struct rb_node *child = node->rb_right;
157 	struct rb_node *tmp = node->rb_left;
158 	struct rb_node *parent, *rebalance;
159 	unsigned long pc;
160 
161 	if (leftmost && node == *leftmost)
162 		*leftmost = rb_next(node);
163 
164 	if (!tmp) {
165 		/*
166 		 * Case 1: node to erase has no more than 1 child (easy!)
167 		 *
168 		 * Note that if there is one child it must be red due to 5)
169 		 * and node must be black due to 4). We adjust colors locally
170 		 * so as to bypass __rb_erase_color() later on.
171 		 */
172 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
173 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
174 		__rb_change_child(node, child, parent, root);
175 		if (child) {
176 			child->__rb_parent_color = pc;
177 			rebalance = NULL;
178 		} else
179 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc) ? parent : NULL;
180 		tmp = parent;
181 	} else if (!child) {
182 		/* Still case 1, but this time the child is node->rb_left */
183 		tmp->__rb_parent_color = pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
184 		parent = __rb_parent(pc);
185 		__rb_change_child(node, tmp, parent, root);
186 		rebalance = NULL;
187 		tmp = parent;
188 	} else {
189 		struct rb_node *successor = child, *child2;
190 
191 		tmp = child->rb_left;
192 		if (!tmp) {
193 			/*
194 			 * Case 2: node's successor is its right child
195 			 *
196 			 *    (n)          (s)
197 			 *    / \          / \
198 			 *  (x) (s)  ->  (x) (c)
199 			 *        \
200 			 *        (c)
201 			 */
202 			parent = successor;
203 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
204 
205 			augment->copy(node, successor);
206 		} else {
207 			/*
208 			 * Case 3: node's successor is leftmost under
209 			 * node's right child subtree
210 			 *
211 			 *    (n)          (s)
212 			 *    / \          / \
213 			 *  (x) (y)  ->  (x) (y)
214 			 *      /            /
215 			 *    (p)          (p)
216 			 *    /            /
217 			 *  (s)          (c)
218 			 *    \
219 			 *    (c)
220 			 */
221 			do {
222 				parent = successor;
223 				successor = tmp;
224 				tmp = tmp->rb_left;
225 			} while (tmp);
226 			child2 = successor->rb_right;
227 			WRITE_ONCE(parent->rb_left, child2);
228 			WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_right, child);
229 			rb_set_parent(child, successor);
230 
231 			augment->copy(node, successor);
232 			augment->propagate(parent, successor);
233 		}
234 
235 		tmp = node->rb_left;
236 		WRITE_ONCE(successor->rb_left, tmp);
237 		rb_set_parent(tmp, successor);
238 
239 		pc = node->__rb_parent_color;
240 		tmp = __rb_parent(pc);
241 		__rb_change_child(node, successor, tmp, root);
242 
243 		if (child2) {
244 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
245 			rb_set_parent_color(child2, parent, RB_BLACK);
246 			rebalance = NULL;
247 		} else {
248 			unsigned long pc2 = successor->__rb_parent_color;
249 			successor->__rb_parent_color = pc;
250 			rebalance = __rb_is_black(pc2) ? parent : NULL;
251 		}
252 		tmp = successor;
253 	}
254 
255 	augment->propagate(tmp, NULL);
256 	return rebalance;
257 }
258 
259 static __always_inline void
260 rb_erase_augmented(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root *root,
261 		   const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
262 {
263 	struct rb_node *rebalance = __rb_erase_augmented(node, root,
264 							 NULL, augment);
265 	if (rebalance)
266 		__rb_erase_color(rebalance, root, augment->rotate);
267 }
268 
269 static __always_inline void
270 rb_erase_augmented_cached(struct rb_node *node, struct rb_root_cached *root,
271 			  const struct rb_augment_callbacks *augment)
272 {
273 	struct rb_node *rebalance = __rb_erase_augmented(node, &root->rb_root,
274 							 &root->rb_leftmost,
275 							 augment);
276 	if (rebalance)
277 		__rb_erase_color(rebalance, &root->rb_root, augment->rotate);
278 }
279 
280 #endif	/* _LINUX_RBTREE_AUGMENTED_H */
281