1.\" $NetBSD: test.1,v 1.17 2002/02/08 01:22:01 ross Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 8.\" 9.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11.\" are met: 12.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 18.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 19.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 20.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 21.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 22.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 23.\" without specific prior written permission. 24.\" 25.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 26.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 27.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 28.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 29.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 30.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 31.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 32.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 33.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 34.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 35.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 36.\" 37.\" @(#)test.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93 38.\" 39.Dd May 31, 1993 40.Dt TEST 1 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm test , 44.Nm \&[ 45.Nd condition evaluation utility 46.Sh SYNOPSIS 47.Nm test 48.Ar expression 49.Nm \&[ 50.Ar expression Cm ] 51.Sh DESCRIPTION 52The 53.Nm test 54utility evaluates the expression and, if it evaluates 55to true, returns a zero (true) exit status; otherwise 56it returns 1 (false). 57If there is no expression, test also 58returns 1 (false). 59.Pp 60All operators and flags are separate arguments to the 61.Nm test 62utility. 63.Pp 64The following primaries are used to construct expression: 65.Bl -tag -width Ar 66.It Fl b Ar file 67True if 68.Ar file 69exists and is a block special 70file. 71.It Fl c Ar file 72True if 73.Ar file 74exists and is a character 75special file. 76.It Fl d Ar file 77True if 78.Ar file 79exists and is a directory. 80.It Fl e Ar file 81True if 82.Ar file 83exists (regardless of type). 84.It Fl f Ar file 85True if 86.Ar file 87exists and is a regular file. 88.It Fl g Ar file 89True if 90.Ar file 91exists and its set group ID flag 92is set. 93.It Fl h Ar file 94True if 95.Ar file 96exists and is a symbolic link. 97.It Fl k Ar file 98True if 99.Ar file 100exists and its sticky bit is set. 101.It Fl n Ar string 102True if the length of 103.Ar string 104is nonzero. 105.It Fl p Ar file 106True if 107.Ar file 108is a named pipe 109.Po Tn FIFO Pc . 110.It Fl r Ar file 111True if 112.Ar file 113exists and is readable. 114.It Fl s Ar file 115True if 116.Ar file 117exists and has a size greater 118than zero. 119.It Fl t Ar file_descriptor 120True if the file whose file descriptor number 121is 122.Ar file_descriptor 123is open and is associated with a terminal. 124.It Fl u Ar file 125True if 126.Ar file 127exists and its set user ID flag 128is set. 129.It Fl w Ar file 130True if 131.Ar file 132exists and is writable. 133True 134indicates only that the write flag is on. 135The file is not writable on a read-only file 136system even if this test indicates true. 137.It Fl x Ar file 138True if 139.Ar file 140exists and is executable. 141True 142indicates only that the execute flag is on. 143If 144.Ar file 145is a directory, true indicates that 146.Ar file 147can be searched. 148.It Fl z Ar string 149True if the length of 150.Ar string 151is zero. 152.It Fl L Ar file 153True if 154.Ar file 155exists and is a symbolic link. 156This operator is retained for compatibility with previous versions of 157this program. Do not rely on its existence; use 158.Fl h 159instead. 160.It Fl O Ar file 161True if 162.Ar file 163exists and its owner matches the effective user id of this process. 164.It Fl G Ar file 165True if 166.Ar file 167exists and its group matches the effective group id of this process. 168.It Fl S Ar file 169True if 170.Ar file 171exists and is a socket. 172.It Ar file1 Fl nt Ar file2 173True if 174.Ar file1 175exists and is newer than 176.Ar file2 . 177.It Ar file1 Fl ot Ar file2 178True if 179.Ar file1 180exists and is older than 181.Ar file2 . 182.It Ar file1 Fl ef Ar file2 183True if 184.Ar file1 185and 186.Ar file2 187exist and refer to the same file. 188.It Ar string 189True if 190.Ar string 191is not the null 192string. 193.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&= Ar \&s\&2 194True if the strings 195.Ar \&s\&1 196and 197.Ar \&s\&2 198are identical. 199.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&!= Ar \&s\&2 200True if the strings 201.Ar \&s\&1 202and 203.Ar \&s\&2 204are not identical. 205.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&\*[Lt] Ar \&s\&2 206True if string 207.Ar \&s\&1 208comes before 209.Ar \&s\&2 210based on the ASCII value of their characters. 211.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&\*[Gt] Ar \&s\&2 212True if string 213.Ar \&s\&1 214comes after 215.Ar \&s\&2 216based on the ASCII value of their characters. 217.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&eq Ar \&n\&2 218True if the integers 219.Ar \&n\&1 220and 221.Ar \&n\&2 222are algebraically 223equal. 224.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&ne Ar \&n\&2 225True if the integers 226.Ar \&n\&1 227and 228.Ar \&n\&2 229are not 230algebraically equal. 231.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \> Ar \&n\&2 232True if the integer 233.Ar \&n\&1 234is algebraically 235greater than the integer 236.Ar \&n\&2 . 237.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&ge Ar \&n\&2 238True if the integer 239.Ar \&n\&1 240is algebraically 241greater than or equal to the integer 242.Ar \&n\&2 . 243.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \< Ar \&n\&2 244True if the integer 245.Ar \&n\&1 246is algebraically less 247than the integer 248.Ar \&n\&2 . 249.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&le Ar \&n\&2 250True if the integer 251.Ar \&n\&1 252is algebraically less 253than or equal to the integer 254.Ar \&n\&2 . 255.El 256.Pp 257These primaries can be combined with the following operators: 258.Bl -tag -width Ar 259.It Cm \&! Ar expression 260True if 261.Ar expression 262is false. 263.It Ar expression1 Fl a Ar expression2 264True if both 265.Ar expression1 266and 267.Ar expression2 268are true. 269.It Ar expression1 Fl o Ar expression2 270True if either 271.Ar expression1 272or 273.Ar expression2 274are true. 275.It Cm \&( Ns Ar expression Ns Cm \&) 276True if expression is true. 277.El 278.Pp 279The 280.Fl a 281operator has higher precedence than the 282.Fl o 283operator. 284.Sh GRAMMAR AMBIGUITY 285The 286.Nm test 287grammar is inherently ambiguous. In order to assure a degree of consistency, 288the cases described in 289.St -p1003.2 290section 4.62.4, 291are evaluated consistently according to the rules specified in the 292standards document. All other cases are subject to the ambiguity in the 293command semantics. 294.Sh EXIT STATUS 295The 296.Nm test 297utility exits with one of the following values: 298.Bl -tag -width Ds 299.It 0 300expression evaluated to true. 301.It 1 302expression evaluated to false or expression was 303missing. 304.It \*[Gt]1 305An error occurred. 306.El 307.Sh STANDARDS 308The 309.Nm test 310utility implements a superset of the 311.St -p1003.2 312specification. 313