1 /*	$NetBSD: master_spawn.c,v 1.1.1.1 2009/06/23 10:08:49 tron Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*++
4 /* NAME
5 /*	master_spawn 3
6 /* SUMMARY
7 /*	Postfix master - child process birth and death
8 /* SYNOPSIS
9 /*	#include "master.h"
10 /*
11 /*	void	master_spawn(serv)
12 /*	MASTER_SERV *serv;
13 /*
14 /*	void	master_reap_child()
15 /*
16 /*	void	master_delete_children(serv)
17 /*	MASTER_SERV *serv;
18 /* DESCRIPTION
19 /*	This module creates and cleans up child processes, and applies
20 /*	a process creation throttle in case of serious trouble.
21 /*	This module is the working horse for the master_avail(3) process
22 /*	creation policy module.
23 /*
24 /*	master_spawn() spawns off a child process for the specified service,
25 /*	making the child process available for servicing connection requests.
26 /*	It is an error to call this function then the specified service is
27 /*	throttled.
28 /*
29 /*	master_reap_child() cleans up all dead child processes.  One typically
30 /*	runs this function at a convenient moment after receiving a SIGCHLD
31 /*	signal. When a child process terminates abnormally after being used
32 /*	for the first time, process creation for that service is throttled
33 /*	for a configurable amount of time.
34 /*
35 /*	master_delete_children() deletes all child processes that provide
36 /*	the named service. Upon exit, the process creation throttle for that
37 /*	service is released.
38 /* DIAGNOSTICS
39 /*	Panic: interface violations, internal inconsistencies.
40 /*	Fatal errors: out of memory.  Warnings: throttle on/off.
41 /* BUGS
42 /* SEE ALSO
43 /*	master_avail(3), process creation policy.
44 /* LICENSE
45 /* .ad
46 /* .fi
47 /*	The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
48 /* AUTHOR(S)
49 /*	Wietse Venema
50 /*	IBM T.J. Watson Research
51 /*	P.O. Box 704
52 /*	Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
53 /*--*/
54 
55 /* System libraries. */
56 
57 #include <sys_defs.h>
58 #include <sys/wait.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 #include <syslog.h>			/* closelog() */
62 #include <signal.h>
63 #include <stdarg.h>
64 #include <syslog.h>
65 
66 /* Utility libraries. */
67 
68 #include <msg.h>
69 #include <binhash.h>
70 #include <mymalloc.h>
71 #include <events.h>
72 #include <vstring.h>
73 #include <argv.h>
74 
75 /* Global library. */
76 
77 #include <mail_conf.h>
78 
79 /* Application-specific. */
80 
81 #include "master_proto.h"
82 #include "master.h"
83 
84 BINHASH *master_child_table;
85 static void master_unthrottle(MASTER_SERV *serv);
86 
87 /* master_unthrottle_wrapper - in case (char *) != (struct *) */
88 
89 static void master_unthrottle_wrapper(int unused_event, char *ptr)
90 {
91     MASTER_SERV *serv = (MASTER_SERV *) ptr;
92 
93     /*
94      * This routine runs after expiry of the timer set in master_throttle(),
95      * which gets called when it appears that the world is falling apart.
96      */
97     master_unthrottle(serv);
98 }
99 
100 /* master_unthrottle - enable process creation */
101 
102 static void master_unthrottle(MASTER_SERV *serv)
103 {
104 
105     /*
106      * Enable process creation within this class. Disable the "unthrottle"
107      * timer just in case we're being called directly from the cleanup
108      * routine, instead of from the event manager.
109      */
110     if ((serv->flags & MASTER_FLAG_THROTTLE) != 0) {
111 	serv->flags &= ~MASTER_FLAG_THROTTLE;
112 	event_cancel_timer(master_unthrottle_wrapper, (char *) serv);
113 	if (msg_verbose)
114 	    msg_info("throttle released for command %s", serv->path);
115 	master_avail_listen(serv);		/* XXX interface botch */
116     }
117 }
118 
119 /* master_throttle - suspend process creation */
120 
121 static void master_throttle(MASTER_SERV *serv)
122 {
123 
124     /*
125      * Perhaps the command to be run is defective, perhaps some configuration
126      * is wrong, or perhaps the system is out of resources. Disable further
127      * process creation attempts for a while.
128      */
129     if ((serv->flags & MASTER_FLAG_THROTTLE) == 0) {
130 	serv->flags |= MASTER_FLAG_THROTTLE;
131 	event_request_timer(master_unthrottle_wrapper, (char *) serv,
132 			    serv->throttle_delay);
133 	if (msg_verbose)
134 	    msg_info("throttling command %s", serv->path);
135     }
136 }
137 
138 /* master_spawn - spawn off new child process if we can */
139 
140 void    master_spawn(MASTER_SERV *serv)
141 {
142     const char *myname = "master_spawn";
143     MASTER_PROC *proc;
144     MASTER_PID pid;
145     int     n;
146     static unsigned master_generation = 0;
147     static VSTRING *env_gen = 0;
148 
149     if (master_child_table == 0)
150 	master_child_table = binhash_create(0);
151     if (env_gen == 0)
152 	env_gen = vstring_alloc(100);
153 
154     /*
155      * Sanity checks. The master_avail module is supposed to know what it is
156      * doing.
157      */
158     if (!MASTER_LIMIT_OK(serv->max_proc, serv->total_proc))
159 	msg_panic("%s: at process limit %d", myname, serv->total_proc);
160     if (serv->avail_proc > 0)
161 	msg_panic("%s: processes available: %d", myname, serv->avail_proc);
162     if (serv->flags & MASTER_FLAG_THROTTLE)
163 	msg_panic("%s: throttled service: %s", myname, serv->path);
164 
165     /*
166      * Create a child process and connect parent and child via the status
167      * pipe.
168      */
169     master_generation += 1;
170     switch (pid = fork()) {
171 
172 	/*
173 	 * Error. We're out of some essential resource. Best recourse is to
174 	 * try again later.
175 	 */
176     case -1:
177 	msg_warn("%s: fork: %m -- throttling", myname);
178 	master_throttle(serv);
179 	return;
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * Child process. Redirect child stdin/stdout to the parent-child
183 	 * connection and run the requested command. Leave child stderr
184 	 * alone. Disable exit handlers: they should be executed by the
185 	 * parent only.
186 	 *
187 	 * When we reach the process limit on a public internet service, we
188 	 * create stress-mode processes until the process count stays below
189 	 * the limit for some amount of time. See master_avail_listen().
190 	 */
191     case 0:
192 	msg_cleanup((void (*) (void)) 0);	/* disable exit handler */
193 	closelog();				/* avoid filedes leak */
194 
195 	if (master_flow_pipe[0] <= MASTER_FLOW_READ)
196 	    msg_fatal("%s: flow pipe read descriptor <= %d",
197 		      myname, MASTER_FLOW_READ);
198 	if (DUP2(master_flow_pipe[0], MASTER_FLOW_READ) < 0)
199 	    msg_fatal("%s: dup2: %m", myname);
200 	if (close(master_flow_pipe[0]) < 0)
201 	    msg_fatal("close %d: %m", master_flow_pipe[0]);
202 
203 	if (master_flow_pipe[1] <= MASTER_FLOW_WRITE)
204 	    msg_fatal("%s: flow pipe read descriptor <= %d",
205 		      myname, MASTER_FLOW_WRITE);
206 	if (DUP2(master_flow_pipe[1], MASTER_FLOW_WRITE) < 0)
207 	    msg_fatal("%s: dup2: %m", myname);
208 	if (close(master_flow_pipe[1]) < 0)
209 	    msg_fatal("close %d: %m", master_flow_pipe[1]);
210 
211 	close(serv->status_fd[0]);		/* status channel */
212 	if (serv->status_fd[1] <= MASTER_STATUS_FD)
213 	    msg_fatal("%s: status file descriptor collision", myname);
214 	if (DUP2(serv->status_fd[1], MASTER_STATUS_FD) < 0)
215 	    msg_fatal("%s: dup2 status_fd: %m", myname);
216 	(void) close(serv->status_fd[1]);
217 
218 	for (n = 0; n < serv->listen_fd_count; n++) {
219 	    if (serv->listen_fd[n] <= MASTER_LISTEN_FD + n)
220 		msg_fatal("%s: listen file descriptor collision", myname);
221 	    if (DUP2(serv->listen_fd[n], MASTER_LISTEN_FD + n) < 0)
222 		msg_fatal("%s: dup2 listen_fd %d: %m",
223 			  myname, serv->listen_fd[n]);
224 	    (void) close(serv->listen_fd[n]);
225 	}
226 	vstring_sprintf(env_gen, "%s=%o", MASTER_GEN_NAME, master_generation);
227 	if (putenv(vstring_str(env_gen)) < 0)
228 	    msg_fatal("%s: putenv: %m", myname);
229 	if (serv->stress_param_val && serv->stress_expire_time > event_time())
230 	    serv->stress_param_val[0] = CONFIG_BOOL_YES[0];
231 
232 	execvp(serv->path, serv->args->argv);
233 	msg_fatal("%s: exec %s: %m", myname, serv->path);
234 	/* NOTREACHED */
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * Parent. Fill in a process member data structure and set up links
238 	 * between child and process. Say this process has become available.
239 	 * If this service has a wakeup timer that is turned on only when the
240 	 * service is actually used, turn on the wakeup timer.
241 	 */
242     default:
243 	if (msg_verbose)
244 	    msg_info("spawn command %s; pid %d", serv->path, pid);
245 	proc = (MASTER_PROC *) mymalloc(sizeof(MASTER_PROC));
246 	proc->serv = serv;
247 	proc->pid = pid;
248 	proc->gen = master_generation;
249 	proc->use_count = 0;
250 	proc->avail = 0;
251 	binhash_enter(master_child_table, (char *) &pid,
252 		      sizeof(pid), (char *) proc);
253 	serv->total_proc++;
254 	master_avail_more(serv, proc);
255 	if (serv->flags & MASTER_FLAG_CONDWAKE) {
256 	    serv->flags &= ~MASTER_FLAG_CONDWAKE;
257 	    master_wakeup_init(serv);
258 	    if (msg_verbose)
259 		msg_info("start conditional timer for %s", serv->name);
260 	}
261 	return;
262     }
263 }
264 
265 /* master_delete_child - destroy child process info */
266 
267 static void master_delete_child(MASTER_PROC *proc)
268 {
269     MASTER_SERV *serv;
270 
271     /*
272      * Undo the things that master_spawn did. Stop the process if it still
273      * exists, and remove it from the lookup tables. Update the number of
274      * available processes.
275      */
276     serv = proc->serv;
277     serv->total_proc--;
278     if (proc->avail == MASTER_STAT_AVAIL)
279 	master_avail_less(serv, proc);
280     else if (MASTER_LIMIT_OK(serv->max_proc, serv->total_proc)
281 	     && serv->avail_proc < 1)
282 	master_avail_listen(serv);
283     binhash_delete(master_child_table, (char *) &proc->pid,
284 		   sizeof(proc->pid), (void (*) (char *)) 0);
285     myfree((char *) proc);
286 }
287 
288 /* master_reap_child - reap dead children */
289 
290 void    master_reap_child(void)
291 {
292     MASTER_SERV *serv;
293     MASTER_PROC *proc;
294     MASTER_PID pid;
295     WAIT_STATUS_T status;
296 
297     /*
298      * Pick up termination status of all dead children. When a process failed
299      * on its first job, assume we see the symptom of a structural problem
300      * (configuration problem, system running out of resources) and back off.
301      */
302     while ((pid = waitpid((pid_t) - 1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0) {
303 	if (msg_verbose)
304 	    msg_info("master_reap_child: pid %d", pid);
305 	if ((proc = (MASTER_PROC *) binhash_find(master_child_table,
306 					  (char *) &pid, sizeof(pid))) == 0)
307 	    msg_panic("master_reap: unknown pid: %d", pid);
308 	serv = proc->serv;
309 	if (!NORMAL_EXIT_STATUS(status)) {
310 	    if (WIFEXITED(status))
311 		msg_warn("process %s pid %d exit status %d",
312 			 serv->path, pid, WEXITSTATUS(status));
313 	    if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
314 		msg_warn("process %s pid %d killed by signal %d",
315 			 serv->path, pid, WTERMSIG(status));
316 	}
317 	if (!NORMAL_EXIT_STATUS(status) && proc->use_count == 0
318 	    && (serv->flags & MASTER_FLAG_THROTTLE) == 0) {
319 	    msg_warn("%s: bad command startup -- throttling", serv->path);
320 	    master_throttle(serv);
321 	}
322 	master_delete_child(proc);
323     }
324 }
325 
326 /* master_delete_children - delete all child processes of service */
327 
328 void    master_delete_children(MASTER_SERV *serv)
329 {
330     BINHASH_INFO **list;
331     BINHASH_INFO **info;
332     MASTER_PROC *proc;
333 
334     /*
335      * XXX turn on the throttle so that master_reap_child() doesn't. Someone
336      * has to turn off the throttle in order to stop the associated timer
337      * request, so we might just as well do it at the end.
338      */
339     master_throttle(serv);
340     for (info = list = binhash_list(master_child_table); *info; info++) {
341 	proc = (MASTER_PROC *) info[0]->value;
342 	if (proc->serv == serv)
343 	    (void) kill(proc->pid, SIGTERM);
344     }
345     while (serv->total_proc > 0)
346 	master_reap_child();
347     myfree((char *) list);
348     master_unthrottle(serv);
349 }
350