1.\" $NetBSD: chdir.2,v 1.16 2002/02/08 01:28:16 ross Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)chdir.2 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 35.\" 36.Dd December 11, 1993 37.Dt CHDIR 2 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm chdir , 41.Nm fchdir 42.Nd change current working directory 43.Sh LIBRARY 44.Lb libc 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Fd #include \*[Lt]unistd.h\*[Gt] 47.Ft int 48.Fn chdir "const char *path" 49.Ft int 50.Fn fchdir "int fd" 51.Sh DESCRIPTION 52The 53.Fa path 54argument points to the pathname of a directory. 55The 56.Fn chdir 57function 58causes the named directory 59to become the current working directory, that is, 60the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 61a slash, 62.Ql / . 63.Pp 64The 65.Fn fchdir 66function 67causes the directory referenced by 68.Fa fd 69to become the current working directory, 70the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 71a slash, 72.Ql / . 73.Pp 74In order for a directory to become the current directory, 75a process must have execute (search) access to the directory. 76.Sh RETURN VALUES 77Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned. 78Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and 79.Va errno 80is set to indicate 81the error. 82.Sh ERRORS 83.Fn chdir 84will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 85one or more of the following are true: 86.Bl -tag -width Er 87.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 88A component of the path prefix is not a directory. 89.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG 90A component of a pathname exceeded 91.Dv {NAME_MAX} 92characters, or an entire path name exceeded 93.Dv {PATH_MAX} 94characters. 95.It Bq Er ENOENT 96The named directory does not exist. 97.It Bq Er ELOOP 98Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname. 99.It Bq Er EACCES 100Search permission is denied for any component of 101the path name. 102.It Bq Er EFAULT 103.Fa path 104points outside the process's allocated address space. 105.It Bq Er EIO 106An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system. 107.El 108.Pp 109.Fn fchdir 110will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 111one or more of the following are true: 112.Bl -tag -width Er 113.It Bq Er EACCES 114Search permission is denied for the directory referenced by the 115file descriptor. 116.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 117The file descriptor does not reference a directory. 118.It Bq Er EBADF 119The argument 120.Fa fd 121is not a valid file descriptor. 122.It Bq Er EPERM 123The argument 124.Fa fd 125references a directory which is not at or below the current process's 126root directory. 127.El 128.Sh SEE ALSO 129.Xr chroot 2 130.Sh STANDARDS 131The 132.Fn chdir 133function conforms to 134.St -p1003.1-90 . 135.Sh HISTORY 136The 137.Fn fchdir 138function call 139appeared in 140.Bx 4.2 . 141