1 /* @(#)s_cbrt.c 5.1 93/09/24 */ 2 /* 3 * ==================================================== 4 * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business. 7 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this 8 * software is freely granted, provided that this notice 9 * is preserved. 10 * ==================================================== 11 */ 12 13 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 14 #if defined(LIBM_SCCS) && !defined(lint) 15 __RCSID("$NetBSD: s_cbrt.c,v 1.11 2002/05/26 22:01:54 wiz Exp $"); 16 #endif 17 18 #include "math.h" 19 #include "math_private.h" 20 21 /* cbrt(x) 22 * Return cube root of x 23 */ 24 static const u_int32_t 25 B1 = 715094163, /* B1 = (682-0.03306235651)*2**20 */ 26 B2 = 696219795; /* B2 = (664-0.03306235651)*2**20 */ 27 28 static const double 29 C = 5.42857142857142815906e-01, /* 19/35 = 0x3FE15F15, 0xF15F15F1 */ 30 D = -7.05306122448979611050e-01, /* -864/1225 = 0xBFE691DE, 0x2532C834 */ 31 E = 1.41428571428571436819e+00, /* 99/70 = 0x3FF6A0EA, 0x0EA0EA0F */ 32 F = 1.60714285714285720630e+00, /* 45/28 = 0x3FF9B6DB, 0x6DB6DB6E */ 33 G = 3.57142857142857150787e-01; /* 5/14 = 0x3FD6DB6D, 0xB6DB6DB7 */ 34 35 double 36 cbrt(double x) 37 { 38 int32_t hx; 39 double r,s,t=0.0,w; 40 u_int32_t sign; 41 u_int32_t high,low; 42 43 GET_HIGH_WORD(hx,x); 44 sign=hx&0x80000000; /* sign= sign(x) */ 45 hx ^=sign; 46 if(hx>=0x7ff00000) return(x+x); /* cbrt(NaN,INF) is itself */ 47 GET_LOW_WORD(low,x); 48 if((hx|low)==0) 49 return(x); /* cbrt(0) is itself */ 50 51 SET_HIGH_WORD(x,hx); /* x <- |x| */ 52 /* rough cbrt to 5 bits */ 53 if(hx<0x00100000) /* subnormal number */ 54 {SET_HIGH_WORD(t,0x43500000); /* set t= 2**54 */ 55 t*=x; GET_HIGH_WORD(high,t); SET_HIGH_WORD(t,high/3+B2); 56 } 57 else 58 SET_HIGH_WORD(t,hx/3+B1); 59 60 61 /* new cbrt to 23 bits, may be implemented in single precision */ 62 r=t*t/x; 63 s=C+r*t; 64 t*=G+F/(s+E+D/s); 65 66 /* chopped to 20 bits and make it larger than cbrt(x) */ 67 GET_HIGH_WORD(high,t); 68 INSERT_WORDS(t,high+0x00000001,0); 69 70 71 /* one step newton iteration to 53 bits with error less than 0.667 ulps */ 72 s=t*t; /* t*t is exact */ 73 r=x/s; 74 w=t+t; 75 r=(r-t)/(w+r); /* r-s is exact */ 76 t=t+t*r; 77 78 /* retore the sign bit */ 79 GET_HIGH_WORD(high,t); 80 SET_HIGH_WORD(t,high|sign); 81 return(t); 82 } 83