1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.12 2009/09/05 11:37:52 wiz Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" From: 35.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 36.\" 37.Dd April 8, 2003 38.Dt BOOT 8 amiga 39.Os 40.Sh NAME 41.Nm boot 42.Nd 43system bootstrapping procedures 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 46When the 47.Nx 48kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 49it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. 50An automatic consistency check of the file systems takes place, 51and unless this fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. 52The proper way to shut the system down is with the 53.Xr shutdown 8 54command. 55.Pp 56If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 57.Xr ddb 4 , 58if it is configured in the kernel. 59If the debugger is not present, 60or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 61configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 62.Xr savecore 8 63during the next boot cycle). 64After the dump is complete (successful 65or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 66.Ss Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 67When a bootable 68.Nx 69partition is created by means of HDTOOLBOX or another RDB editing program 70and a bootblock has been copied there by 71.Xr installboot 8 72and the boot priority of the 73.Nx 74partition is either the highest or the 75.Nx 76partition is selected by means of the boot menu, 77the Amiga ROM will automatically start the 78.Nx 79bootloader. 80By default it will, after a short timeout, load the kernel image 81.Pa /netbsd 82and attempt to boot it into multi-user mode. 83This behaviour can be changed by 84typing in an alternate command sequence. 85The command line looks like: 86.Bd -ragged -offset indent 87.Ar kernel-path 88.Op Fl abknpqstvADZ 89.Op Fl c Ar model 90.Op Fl m Ar memsize 91.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 92.Op Fl I Ar mask 93.Op Fl S Ar amount 94.Op Fl T Ar amount 95.Ed 96.Pp 97.Bl -tag -width flag 98.It kernel-path 99This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 100.Pa /netbsd.old . 101The default is 102.Pa /netbsd . 103.It Fl a 104Autoboot into multi-user mode (default). 105.It Fl b 106Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 107device, and the path to 108.Xr init 8 . 109.It Fl c Ar model 110force machine 111.Ar model . 112Use 32000+(Qlogic chip revision) for the DraCo. 113.It Fl k 114Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 115.It Fl m Ar memsize 116Force fastmem size to be 117.Ar memsize 118kBytes. 119.It Fl n 120maximum number of 121.Ar segments 122of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1232 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 124.It Fl p 125Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 126.It Fl q 127Boot in quiet mode. 128.It Fl s 129Boot into single-user mode. 130.It Fl v 131Boot in verbose mode. 132.It Fl D 133Enter the kernel debugger (best used with -S) 134.It Fl I Ar mask 135inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 136.Ar mask 137is a bitmap expressed in C notation (e.g., 0xff) 138with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 139the corresponding target. 140Note that this only applies to (some of the) 141real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. 142The bytes are used up 143from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 144.It Fl S 145Load the kernel symbols 146.El 147.Ss Booting NetBSD using the loadbsd program 148When you want (or have to) start 149.Nx 150from AmigaOS, you have to use the 151.Ic loadbsd 152program that is supplied in the utils directory of the distribution. 153The loadbsd command line specification is: 154.Bd -ragged -offset indent 155.Nm loadbsd 156.Op Fl abknpstADZ 157.Op Fl c Ar model 158.Op Fl m Ar memsize 159.Op Fl n Ar memsegments 160.Op Fl I Ar mask 161.Op Fl S Ar amount 162.Op Fl T Ar amount 163.Ar kernel-path 164.Ed 165.Pp 166Description of options: 167.Bl -tag -width flag 168.It Fl a 169Autoboot into multi-user mode. 170.It Fl b 171Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 172device, and the path to 173.Xr init 8 . 174.It Fl c 175force machine model. 176.It Fl k 177Reserve the first 4M of fastmem. 178.It Fl m 179Force fastmem size to be 180.Ar memsize 181kBytes. 182.It Fl n 183maximum number of 184.Ar segments 185of memory to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 1862 segments, 2: 3 or more segments. 187.It Fl p 188Select kernel load segment by priority instead of size. 189.It Fl s 190Boot into single-user mode. 191.It Fl t 192Test loading of the kernel but don't start 193.Nx . 194.It Fl A 195enable AGA modes. 196.It Fl D 197Enter the kernel debugger after booting. 198Best with 199.Fl S . 200.It Fl I Ar mask 201inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The 202.Ar mask 203is a bitmap expressed in hexadecimal (e.g., ff) 204with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for 205the corresponding target. 206Note that this only applies to (some of the) 207real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. 208The bytes are used up 209from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention. 210.It Fl S 211include kernel debug symbols (for use by -D). 212.It Fl Z 213Force load via chip memory. 214Won't work if kernel is larger than the chip memory size or on the 215DraCo. 216.El 217.Pp 218Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a AmigaOS 219filesystem, the file 220.Ar /netbsd 221is often not the same as the actual kernel booted. 222This can cause some programs to fail. 223However, note that you can use third-party Berkeley 224filesystems such as bffs to access the 225.Nx 226root partition from AmigaOS. 227.Sh FILES 228.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs -compact 229.It Pa /netbsd 230system kernel 231.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs 232RDB device primary boot block 233.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx_fd 234floppy disk primary boot block 235.It Pa /usr/mdec/boot.amiga 236secondary bootstrap 237.It Pa /boot.amiga 238secondary bootstrap (installed) 239.El 240.Sh SEE ALSO 241.Xr ddb 4 , 242.Xr fsck_ffs 8 , 243.Xr installboot 8 , 244.Xr newfs 8 , 245.Xr savecore 8 , 246.Xr shutdown 8 247.Sh BUGS 248Due to code size restrictions, you can't currently use an old-style file 249system (created with 250.Xr newfs 8 251-O 252or with 253.Nx 0.9 ) 254with the boot block. 255You can use 256.Ic loadbsd 257to boot from AmigaOS, or upgrade the file system with 258.Ar fsck_ffs -c 2 . 259