1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.9 2001/06/05 12:52:56 wiz Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 20.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 21.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24.\" without specific prior written permission. 25.\" 26.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 37.\" 38.\" From: 39.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 40.\" 41.Dd June 21, 1996 42.Dt BOOT 8 atari 43.Os 44.Sh NAME 45.Nm boot 46.Nd 47system bootstrapping procedures 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49.Sy Power fail and crash recovery 50.Pp 51When the 52.Nx 53kernel is booted normally (using one of the two methods discussed below), 54it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. An automatic 55consistency check of the file systems takes place, and unless this 56fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The proper way 57to shut the system down is with the 58.Xr shutdown 8 59command. 60.Pp 61If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 62.Xr ddb 4 , 63if it is configured in the kernel. If the debugger is not present, 64or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 65configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 66.Xr savecore 8 67during the next boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful 68or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 69.Pp 70.Sy Booting NetBSD using the bootloader 71.Pp 72When a bootable 73.Nx 74partition is created by means of 75.Xr installboot 8 76and the boot-preference bit in the NVRAM is either invalid or set to 77.Nx 78, the Atari BIOS will automatically start the 79.Nx 80bootloader. By default 81it will load the kernel image 82.Pa /netbsd 83and attempts to boot it into multi-user mode. This behaviour can be changed by 84either keeping the 85.Pa Alternate 86or the 87.Pa Right-Shift 88key pressed during the boot. When 89the 90.Pa Alternate 91key is pressed, the bootstrap is aborted, causing the BIOS 92to continue scanning the disks for a bootable partition (this is compatible 93with AHDI 3.0). Pressing the 94.Pa Right-Shift 95key during the boot, causes the boot loader to enter the interactive mode. 96In interactive mode, the command line looks like: 97.Bd -ragged -offset indent 98.Pp 99.Op Ar OS-type 100.Op Ar boot-path 101.Op Ar boot-options 102.Ed 103.Pp 104Each component of the command can be omitted in which case the defaults 105indicated will be used. 106.Bl -tag -width boot-options 107.It OS-type : 108.Bl -tag -compact -width ".netbsd (default)" 109.It .netbsd (the default) 110.It .linux 111.It .asv 112.It .tos 113.El 114.Pp 115If something other than 116.Pa .netbsd 117is specified, control is returned to the BIOS with the boot preference set to 118the selected type. Due to limitations of the BIOS however, the search for 119bootblocks is continued rather than restarted. 120.It boot-path 121This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say: 122.Pa /netbsd.old . 123The default is 124.Pa /netbsd 125.It boot-options 126These options are a subset of the 127.Xr loadbsd 8 128options. 129.Bl -tag -width flag -compact 130.It Fl a 131Boot into multi-user mode (the default) 132.It Fl b 133Ask for a root device 134.It Fl d 135Enter the kernel debugger 136.It Fl q 137Boot in quiet mode 138.It Fl v 139Boot in verbose mode 140.El 141.El 142.Pp 143.Sy Booting using the loadbsd program 144.Pp 145When you want (or have to) start 146.Nx 147from GEM, you have to use the 148.Xr loadbsd 8 149program that is supplied on the kernel-floppy. The loadbsd command line 150specification is: 151.Bd -ragged -offset indent 152.Nm loadbsd 153.Op Fl abdhqstvwDV 154.Op Fl S Ar amount 155.Op Fl T Ar amount 156.Ar kernel-path 157.Ed 158.Pp 159Description of options: 160.Bl -tag -width flag 161.It Fl a 162Boot automatically into multi-user mode. 163.It Fl b 164Ask for the root device the kernel must use. 165.It Fl d 166Enter the kernel debugger after booting. 167.It Fl h 168Print a help screen that tries to explain the same options as mentioned 169here. 170.It Fl o Ar outputfile 171Write all output to the file 172.Ar outputfile . 173.It Fl q 174Boot in quiet mode. 175.It Fl s 176Tell 177.Nx 178only to use ST compatible RAM. 179.It Fl t 180Test loading of the kernel but don't start 181.Nx . 182.It Fl v 183Boot in verbose mode. 184.It Fl w 185Wait for a keypress before exiting loadbsd. This is useful when starting this 186program under GEM. 187.It Fl D 188Show debugging output while booting the kernel. 189.It Fl S Ar amount 190Set the amount of available ST compatible RAM in bytes. Normally this 191value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 192.It Fl T Ar amount 193Set the amount of available TT compatible RAM in bytes. Normally this 194value is set automatically from the values initialized by the BIOS. 195.It Fl V 196Print the version of 197.Xr loadbsd 8 198that you are using. 199.It Ar kernel-path 200This is a GEMDOS path specification of the kernel to boot. 201.El 202.Pp 203Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a GEMDOS 204filesystem, the file 205.Ar /netbsd 206is usually not the same as the actual kernel booted. This can cause some 207programs to fail. 208.Sh FILES 209.Bl -tag -width /netbsd -compact 210.It Pa /netbsd 211system kernel 212.El 213.Sh SEE ALSO 214.Xr ddb 4 , 215.Xr savecore 8 , 216.Xr shutdown 8 217