1$NetBSD: acronyms.comp,v 1.116 2011/01/17 22:08:30 jruoho Exp $ 2 33WHS three-way handshake 4ABI application binary interface 5ACL access control list 6ACPI advanced configuration and power interface 7ADB Apple desktop bus 8ADC analog [to] digital converter 9ADT abstract data type 10ADPCM adaptive differential pulse code modulation 11ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line 12AES Advanced Encryption Standard 13AFS Andrew File System 14AGP accelerated graphics port 15ALE address latch enable 16ALU arithmetic and logical unit 17AM amplitude modulation 18AMI alternate mark inversion 19ANSI American National Standards Institute 20AP access point 21API application programming interface 22APIC advanced programmable interrupt controller 23ARAT always running APIC timer 24ARC adaptive replacement cache 25ARM Advanced RISC Machines 26ARP address resolution protocol 27ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency 28ARQ automatic repeat request 29AS autonomous system 30ASCII American standard code for information interchange 31ASLR address space layout randomization 32ASN autonomous system number 33AST abstract syntax tree 34AST asynchronous trap 35AT advanced technology 36ATA advanced technology attachment 37ATAPI advanced technology attachment packet interface 38ATC address translation cache 39ATM asynchronous transfer mode 40ATX advanced technology extended 41AWK Aho, Werner, and Kernighan 42BAR base address register 43BCD binary coded decimal 44BCS base configuration space 45BEDO burst extended data output 46BER basic encoding rules 47BER bit error rate 48BFD binary formats descriptor 49BFKL big fscking kernel lock 50BGA ball grid array 51BGP border gateway protocol 52BIND Berkeley Internet Name Daemon 53BIOS basic input/output system 54BIST built-in self-test 55BKDG BIOS and kernel developer's guide 56BLAS basic linear algebra subprograms 57BLOB binary large object 58BMC baseboard management controller 59BP base pointer 60BPF Berkeley packet filter 61BPS bits per second 62BQS Berkeley quality software 63BSD Berkeley software distribution 64BSOD blue screen of death 65BSP binary space partition 66BSP boot strap processor 67BSS block started by symbol 68BT Bluetooth 69BT BitTorrent 70CAD computer-aided design 71CAM computer assisted manufacturing 72CAM content addressable memory 73CARP common address redundancy protocol 74CAS (atomic) compare and swap 75CAS computer algebra system 76CAS column address strobe 77CAV constant angular velocity (as opposed to CLV) 78CCD charge coupled device 79CD compact disc 80CDDA compact disc digital audio 81CDRAM cache dynamic random access memory 82CER canonical encoding rules 83CFG context-free grammar 84CFG control-flow graph 85CG control gate 86CGA color graphics {array,adapter} 87CGI common gateway interface 88CHAP challenge-handshake authentication protocol 89CHS cylinder/head/sector 90CIDR classless inter-domain routing 91CIFS common internet file system 92CIS contact image sensor 93CJK Chinese, Japanese, and Korean 94CLI command line interface 95CLUT color look-up table 96CLV constant linear velocity (as opposed to CAV) 97CMI control management interface 98CMI control method interface 99CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor 100CMYK cyan magenta yellow black 101COF current operating frequency 102COFF common object file format 103COMA cache-only memory architecture 104COW copy-on-write 105CPL current privilege level 106CPU central processing unit 107CR carriage return 108CRLF carriage return line feed 109CRT cathode ray tube 110CS computer science 111CS cable select 112CS chip select 113CS code segment 114CSI common system interface 115CSMA carrier sense multiple access 116CSMA/CA carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance 117CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection 118CSS cascading style sheets 119CTS clear to send 120CVS concurrent versions system 121DAC discretionary access control 122DAC digital [to] analog converter 123DB database 124DCC direct client [to] client 125DCE data control equipment 126DCE distributed computing environment 127DCT discrete cosine transform 128DDC display data channel 129DDR double data rate 130DDWG digital display working group 131DE desktop environment 132DE debugging extensions 133DEP data execution prevention 134DER distinguished encoding rules 135DES Data Encryption Standard 136DFS depth first search 137DFS distributed file system 138DFT discrete Fourier transform 139DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol 140DIFS distributed inter-frame space 141DIMM dual inline memory module 142DL diode logic 143DLE data link escape 144DLL dynamic link library 145DMA direct memory access 146DMI desktop management interface 147DNARD Digital network appliance reference design 148DNS domain name system 149DOM document object model 150DOS denial of service 151DOS disk operating system 152DPC deferred procedure call 153DPCM differential pulse code modulation 154DPD dead peer detection 155DPI dots per inch 156DPI deep packet inspection 157DPL descriptor privilege level 158DRAM dynamic random access memory 159DRI direct rendering infrastructure 160DRM digital rights management 161DS debug store 162DSDT differentiated system descriptor table 163DSL digital subscriber line 164DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer 165DSO dynamic shared object 166DSP digital signal processor 167DSSS direct sequence spread spectrum 168DTD document type definition 169DTE data terminal equipment 170DTE dumb terminal emulator 171DTL diode-transistor logic 172DVB digital video broadcasting 173DVD digital versatile disc 174DVFS dynamic voltage and frequency scaling 175DVR digital video recorder 176DVI digital visual interface 177E-XER extended XML encoding rules 178EAP extensible authentication protocol 179ECL emitter-coupled logic 180ECN explicit congestion notification 181ECP enhanced capability port 182EDID extended display identification data 183EDO extended data out 184EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory 185EFI extensible firmware interface 186EFM eight to fourteen modulation 187EGA enhanced graphics {array,adapter} 188EGP exterior gateway protocol 189EIDE enchanced IDE 190EISA extended industry standard architecture 191ELF executable and linking format 192EOF end of file 193EOL end of line 194EOL end of life 195EOT end of transmission 196EPP enhanced parallel port 197EPRML extended partial response, maximum likelihood 198EPROM erasable programmable read only memory 199ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory 200EST enhanced speedstep 201FAT file allocation table 202FBRAM frame buffer random access memory 203FCS frame check sequence 204FDDI fiber distributed data interface 205FEC forward error correction 206FFH functional fixed hardware 207FFI foreign function interface 208FFS fast file system 209FFS find first set 210FFT fast Fourier transform 211FG floating gate 212FHSS frequency hop spread spectrum 213FID frequency identifier 214FIFO first in first out 215FIR fast infrared 216FLOPS floating [point] operations per second 217FM frequency modulation 218FOSS free / open source software 219FPGA field programmable gate array 220FPM fast page mode 221FPU floating point unit 222FQDN fully qualified domain name 223FRU field replaceable unit 224FSB front side bus 225FSCK file system check 226FSCK fuck 227FTP file transfer protocol 228FTPS file transfer protocol, secure 229FWH firmware hub 230GAS generic address structure 231GC garbage collector 232GCR group-coded recording 233GDT global descriptor table 234GEM graphics execution manager 235GEM graphics environment manager 236GID group identifier 237GIF graphics interchange format 238GMCH graphics and memory controller hub 239GNU GNU's not Unix 240GOT global offset table 241GPE general purpose event 242GPF general protection fault 243GPL GNU/general public license 244GPU graphics processing unit 245GRE generic routing encapsulation 246GSI global system interrupt 247GUI graphics user interface 248GUID globally unique identifier 249HA high availability 250HAL hardware abstraction layer 251HBA host bus adapter 252HCI host controller interface 253HCI human-computer interaction 254HCF halt and catch fire 255HDD hard disk drive 256HDCP high-bandwidth digital content protection 257HFM highest frequency mode 258HID human interface device 259HMA high memory area 260HPC high performance computing 261HPET high precision event timer 262HT hyper-threading 263HTC hardware thermal control 264HTML hyper-text markup language 265HTTP hyper-text transfer protocol 266HTTPS hyper-text transfer protocol, secure 267HZ Hertz 268I2O intelligent input/output 269IANA Internet assigned number authority 270IBS instruction based sampling 271IC integrated circuit 272ICB Internet citizen's band 273ICH I/O controller hub 274ICE internal compiler error 275ICE in-circuit emulator 276ICMP Internet control message protocol 277IDE integrated drive electronics 278IDE integrated development environment 279IDRP inter-domain routing protocol 280IDS intrusion detection system 281IDT interrupt descriptor table 282IE Internet Explorer 283IEC international electrotechnical commission 284IEEE Institute [of] Electrical [and] Electronics Engineers 285IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group 286IETF Internet Engineering Task Force 287IFCM isochronous flow control mode 288IGMP Internet group management protocol 289IGP interior gateway protocol 290IKE Internet key exchange 291ILP instruction level parallelism 292IMC integrated memory controller 293IMCR interrupt mode configuration register 294IMAP Internet mail access protocol 295INCITS international committee on information technology standards 296IO input/output 297IOCTL input/output control 298IOMMU input/output memory management unit 299IP Internet Protocol 300IP intellectual property 301IPC interprocess communication 302IPI interprocessor interrupt 303IPNG Internet protocol, next generation 304IPS intrusion prevention system 305IPS in-plane switching 306IPSEC Internet protocol security 307IRC Internet relay chat 308IRDA infrared data association 309IRQ interrupt request 310IRQL interrupt request level 311IRTF Internet research task force 312ISA industry standard architecture 313ISA instruction set architecture 314ISDN integrated services digital network 315ISI inter-symbol interference 316ISM industrial, scientific and medical 317ISN initial serial number 318ISO international standards organization 319ISOC Internet society 320ISP Internet service provider 321ISR interrupt service routine 322IST interrupt stack table 323IVT interrupt vector table 324JBOD just a bunch of disks 325JIT just in time 326JPEG joint photographic experts group 327JRE Java runtime environment 328JTAG joint test action group 329KLOC thousand lines of code 330KMS kernel-mode setting 331KPI kernel programming interface 332KVA kernel virtual address 333KVM kernel virtual memory 334KVM keyboard, video, mouse switch 335LAMP Linux Apache MySQL {Perl,PHP,Python} 336LAN local area network 337LAPIC local advanced programmable interrupt controller 338LBA logical block addressing 339LCD liquid crystal display 340LCP link control protocol 341LDAP lightweight directory access protocol 342LDT local descriptor table 343LE logical extent 344LED light emitting diode 345LFM lowest frequency mode 346LFS log-structured file system 347LFU least frequently used 348LIFO last in first out 349LILO last in last out 350LILO Linux loader 351LINT local interrupt 352LIR local Internet registry 353LKM {Linux, loadable} kernel module 354LKML Linux kernel mailing list 355LL/SC load linked / store conditional 356LLC logical link control 357LOC lines of code 358LPC low pin count 359LRC longitudinal redundancy check 360LRU least recently used 361LSB least significant bit [or: byte] 362LSB Linux standards base 363LSI large scale integration 364LTR load task register 365LUN logical unit number 366LV logical volume 367LVM logical volume management 368LVT local vector table 369LZW Lempel Ziv Welch 370MAC medium access control 371MAC mandatory access control 372MADT multiple APIC descriptor table 373MBR master boot record 374MC memory controller 375MCA machine check architecture 376MCE machine check exception 377MCGA multicolor graphics adapter 378MCH memory controller hub 379MCQ memory controlled queue 380MDA mail delivery agent 381MDA monochrome display adapter 382MDRAM multibank dynamic random access memory 383MFC merge from current 384MFM modified frequency modulation 385MIB management information base 386MID mobile internet device 387MIDI musical instrument digital interface 388MIF management information format 389MIME multipurpose Internet mail extensions 390MIMO multiple input multiple output 391MIPS million instructions per second 392MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology 393MLC multi-level cell 394MMIO memory mapped input/output 395MMU memory management unit 396MMX multimedia extension 397MMX multiple math extension 398MMX matrix math extension 399MP multiprocessor 400MP multiprocessing 401MP multi-platform 402MP multiplayer 403MPEG moving picture experts group 404MPLS multiprotocol label switching 405MPS multiprocessor specification 406MPS memory pool system 407MRU most recently used 408MSB most significant bit [or: byte] 409MSF minutes seconds frames 410MSI message signaled interrupt 411MSR machine state register 412MSS maximum segment size 413MTA mail transfer agent 414MTRR memory type range register 415MTU maximum transmission unit 416MUA mail user agent 417MWE module width encoding 418NAS network attached storage 419NAT network address translation 420NAV network allocation vector 421NCP network control protocol 422NCQ native command queuing 423NFS network file system 424NIC network interface card 425NIS network information service 426NLS native language support 427NMI non-maskable interrupt 428NNTP network news transfer protocol 429NOP no operation 430NRZ non-return to zero 431NSA National Security Agency 432NTP network time protocol 433NUMA non-uniform memory access 434NVRAM non-volatile random access memory 435NX no execute 436OAEP optimal asymmetric encryption padding 437OBO off by one 438OBOE off by one error 439OCL object constraint language 440OCR optical character recognition 441ODCM on-demand clock modulation 442OEM original equipment manufacturer 443OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing 444ONFI open nand flash interface 445OO object oriented 446OO OpenOffice 447OOB out of band 448OOE out of order execution 449OOM out of memory 450OOP object oriented programming 451OQL object query language 452ORM object-relational mapping 453OS operating system 454OSD open source definition 455OSF open software foundation 456OSI open systems interconnection 457OSI open-source initiative 458OSPF open shortest path first 459OSS open source software 460OSS open sound system 461OSVW operating system visible workarounds 462OTP one time password 463OUI organizationally unique identifier 464OWL Web ontology language 465P2P peer to peer 466P2P PCI to PCI 467PA physical address 468PAE physical address extension 469PAM pluggable authentication modules 470PAM pulse amplitude modulation 471PAP password authentication protocol 472PAT page attribute table 473PAT port address translation 474PATA parallel ATA 475PAX portable archive exchange 476PBE pending break encoding 477PBE programming by example 478PC personal computer 479PCB printed circuit board 480PCC Portable C Compiler 481PCI peripheral component interconnect 482PCM pulse code modulation 483PCMCIA personal computer memory card international association 484PDA personal digital assistant 485PDF portable document format 486PDN pull-down network 487PDP page descriptor page 488PDU protocol data unit 489PER packed encoding rules 490PERL practical extraction [and] report language 491PFS perfect forward secrecy 492PGP pretty good privacy 493PHB PCI host bridge 494PIC programmable interrupt controller 495PIC position independent code 496PID process id 497PIE position independent executable 498PIN personal identification number 499PIO programmed input/output 500PKI public key infrastructure 501PKCS public-key cryptography standards 502PLL phase locked loop 503PMI platform management interrupt 504PMIO port-mapped input/output 505PMT photo-multiplier tube 506PNG portable network graphics 507POE power over ethernet 508POP post office protocol 509POSIX portable operating system interface [for] Unix 510POST power on self test 511POTS plain old telephone system 512PPC PowerPC 513PPB PCI [to] PCI bridge 514PPP point-to-point protocol 515PPPOA point-to-point protocol over ATM 516PPPOE point-to-point protocol over ethernet 517PPU physics processing unit 518PRBS pseudo-random bit sequence 519PRML partial response, maximum likelihood 520PRNG pseudo random number generator 521PROM programmable read only memory 522PSE page size extensions 523PSK pre-shared key 524PSTN public switched telephone network 525PTE page table entry 526PTLA pseudo top level aggregator 527PTP page table page 528PV physical volume 529PVG physical volume group 530PWM pulse width modulation 531PXE preboot execution environment 532QA quality assurance 533QAM quadrature amplitude modulation 534QOS quality of service 535RAID redundant array of inexpensive disks 536RAM random access memory 537RAS restartable atomic sequence 538RAS remote access service 539RAS row address strobe 540RC release candidate 541RC remote control 542RCS revision control system 543RCU read-copy-update 544RDF resource description format 545REST representational state transfer 546RGB red green blue 547RHL Red Hat Linux 548RIFF Resource Interchange File Format 549RIP routing information protocol 550RIR regional Internet registry 551RISC reduced instruction set computing 552RKM ROM Kernel Manual 553RLE run length encoding 554RLL run length limited 555RNG random number generator 556ROM read only memory 557RPC remote procedure call 558RPL requested privilege level 559RPM revolutions per minute 560RSA Rivest, Shamir and Adleman 561RSS really simple syndication 562RT real time 563RTC real time clock 564RTC real time computing 565RTF rich text format 566RTL resistor-transistor logic 567RTOS real time operating system 568RTS request to send 569RTT round time trip 570RX receive, receiver 571S/PDIF Sony/Phillips digital interface 572SACD super audio compact disc 573SAD security association database 574SAM serial access memory 575SAN storage area network 576SAPIC streamlined advanced programmable interrupt controller 577SASI shugart associates system interface (predecessor to SCSI) 578SATA serial advanced technology attachment 579SB sound blaster 580SCM software configuration management 581SCM source code management 582SCP secure copy 583SCI system control interrupt 584SCI scalable coherent interface 585SCSI small computer system interface 586SCTP stream control transmission protocol 587SDK software development kit 588SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory 589SEGV segmentation violation 590SFI simple firmware interface 591SGRAM synchronous graphics random access memory 592SIFS short inter-frame space 593SIMD single instruction multiple data 594SIMM single inline memory module 595SIP session initiation protocol 596SIR slow infrared 597SLC single-level cell 598SLDRAM synchronous-link dynamic random access memory 599SLI scalable link interface 600SLI scan-line interleave 601SMART self-monitoring analysis and reporting technology 602SMBIOS system management BIOS 603SMI system management interrupt 604SMI structure of management information 605SMM system management mode 606SMP symmetric multiprocessing 607SMT simultaneous multithreading 608SMTP simple mail transfer protocol 609SNMP simple network management protocol 610SOA service oriented architecture 611SOAP simple object access protocol 612SOHO small office / home office 613SP stack pointer 614SPARC scalable processor architecture 615SPARQL SPARQL protocol and RDF query language 616SPD security policy database 617SPD serial presence detect 618SPI serial peripheral interface 619SPI stateful packet inspection 620SQL structured query language 621SRAM static random access memory 622SS stack segment 623SSD solid state drive 624SSE streaming SIMD extensions 625SSFDC solid state floppy disc card 626SSH secure shell 627SSL secure sockets layer 628SSP stack smashing protection 629STP shielded twisted pair 630STP spanning-tree protocol 631SUS Single Unix Specification 632SVG scalable vector graphics 633SVGA super video graphics {array,adapter} 634SVM secure virtual machine 635SVM support vector machine 636SWF Shockwave Flash 637TAS test and set 638TCB trusted computing base 639TCC thermal control circuit 640TCL tool command language 641TCP transmission control protocol 642TCQ tagged command queueing 643TDD test driven development 644TDP thermal design power 645TFT thin film transistor 646TFTP trivial file transfer protocol 647TIAS try it and see 648TIFF tagged image file format 649TITS try it to see 650TLA top level aggregator 651TLB transition lookaside buffer 652TLD top level domain 653TLS transport layer security 654TLS thread local storage 655TMDS transition minimized differential signaling 656TMO timeout 657TOS terms of service 658TOS type of service 659TPM trusted platform module 660TPR task priority register 661TR token ring 662TR task register 663TRNG true random number generator 664TS time stamp 665TS time series 666TS terminal services 667TSC time stamp counter 668TSP time stamp protocol 669TSP tunnel setup protocol 670TSS task state segment 671TTL time to live 672TTL transistor-transistor logic 673TTM translation table maps 674TTY teletype 675TX transmit out, transmitter 676TZ time zone 677UART universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter 678UC uncacheable 679UDMA ultra DMA 680UDO ultra density optical (storage) 681UDP user datagram protocol 682UFS Unix file system 683UI user interface 684UI unit interval 685UID user identifier 686UID unique identifier 687UMA upper memory area 688UMB upper memory block 689UML unified modeling language 690UPS uninterruptible power supply 691URI uniform resource identifier 692URL uniform resource locator 693USART universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver/transmitter 694USB universal serial bus 695USWC uncacheable speculative write combining 696UTC coordinated universal time 697UTP unshielded twisted pair 698UUCP Unix-to-Unix copy protocol 699UUID universally unique identifier 700UUOC useless use of cat 701VA virtual address 702VA vertical alignment 703VAX virtual address extension 704VCC common collector voltage 705VCM virtual channel memory 706VESA video electronics standards association 707VG volume group 708VGA video graphics {array,adapter} 709VHDCI very high density cable interconnect 710VID voltage level identifier 711VLAN virtual local area network 712VLIW very long instruction word 713VLSI very large scale integration 714VLSM variable length subnet mask 715VM virtual {machine,memory} 716VPN virtual private network 717VRAM video random access memory 718VRRP virtual router redundancy protocol 719W3C World Wide Web Consortium 720WAN wide area network 721WAP wireless application protocol 722WEP wired equivalent privacy 723WFI wait for interrupt 724WIFI wireless fidelity 725WLAN wireless local area network 726VMX virtual machine extensions 727VMX vector multimedia extensions 728WDT watchdog timer 729WORM write once read many 730WPA wi-fi protected access 731WRAM window random access memory 732WWAN wireless wide area network 733WWW world wide web 734WYSIWYG what you see is what you get 735XBAR crossbar 736XER XML encoding rules 737XGA extended graphics {array,adapter} 738XIP execute in place 739XML extensible markup language 740XP extreme programming 741XSL extensible stylesheet language 742XSS cross site scripting 743XT extended technology 744XUL XML user interface language 745YACC yet another compiler compiler 746YAWPFAPR you are welcome; please file a problem report 747YP yellow pages (aka NIS) 748ZFOD zero-filled on demand 749ZIFS zero insertion force socket 750