xref: /netbsd/sys/kern/exec_elf.c (revision 6550d01e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: exec_elf.c,v 1.27 2010/10/07 02:14:02 chs Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2000, 2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Christos Zoulas.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
45  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
46  *
47  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
48  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
49  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
50  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
51  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
52  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
53  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
54  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
55  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
56  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
57  */
58 
59 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
60 __KERNEL_RCSID(1, "$NetBSD: exec_elf.c,v 1.27 2010/10/07 02:14:02 chs Exp $");
61 
62 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
63 #include "opt_pax.h"
64 #endif /* _KERNEL_OPT */
65 
66 #include <sys/param.h>
67 #include <sys/proc.h>
68 #include <sys/malloc.h>
69 #include <sys/kmem.h>
70 #include <sys/namei.h>
71 #include <sys/vnode.h>
72 #include <sys/exec.h>
73 #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
74 #include <sys/syscall.h>
75 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
76 #include <sys/mount.h>
77 #include <sys/stat.h>
78 #include <sys/kauth.h>
79 #include <sys/bitops.h>
80 
81 #include <sys/cpu.h>
82 #include <machine/reg.h>
83 
84 #include <compat/common/compat_util.h>
85 
86 #include <sys/pax.h>
87 
88 extern struct emul emul_netbsd;
89 
90 #define elf_check_header	ELFNAME(check_header)
91 #define elf_copyargs		ELFNAME(copyargs)
92 #define elf_load_file		ELFNAME(load_file)
93 #define elf_load_psection	ELFNAME(load_psection)
94 #define exec_elf_makecmds	ELFNAME2(exec,makecmds)
95 #define netbsd_elf_signature	ELFNAME2(netbsd,signature)
96 #define netbsd_elf_probe	ELFNAME2(netbsd,probe)
97 #define	coredump		ELFNAMEEND(coredump)
98 
99 int	elf_load_file(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, char *,
100 	    struct exec_vmcmd_set *, u_long *, struct elf_args *, Elf_Addr *);
101 void	elf_load_psection(struct exec_vmcmd_set *, struct vnode *,
102 	    const Elf_Phdr *, Elf_Addr *, u_long *, int *, int);
103 
104 int	netbsd_elf_signature(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, Elf_Ehdr *);
105 int	netbsd_elf_probe(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, void *, char *,
106 	    vaddr_t *);
107 
108 /* round up and down to page boundaries. */
109 #define	ELF_ROUND(a, b)		(((a) + (b) - 1) & ~((b) - 1))
110 #define	ELF_TRUNC(a, b)		((a) & ~((b) - 1))
111 
112 /*
113  * Arbitrary limits to avoid DoS for excessive memory allocation.
114  */
115 #define MAXPHNUM	128
116 #define MAXSHNUM	32768
117 #define MAXNOTESIZE	1024
118 
119 static void
120 elf_placedynexec(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, Elf_Ehdr *eh,
121     Elf_Phdr *ph)
122 {
123 	Elf_Addr align, offset;
124 	int i;
125 
126 	for (align = i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++)
127 		if (ph[i].p_type == PT_LOAD && ph[i].p_align > align)
128 			align = ph[i].p_align;
129 
130 #ifdef PAX_ASLR
131 	if (pax_aslr_active(l)) {
132 		size_t pax_align, l2, delta;
133 		uint32_t r;
134 
135 		pax_align = align;
136 
137 		r = arc4random();
138 
139 		if (pax_align == 0)
140 			pax_align = PGSHIFT;
141 		l2 = ilog2(pax_align);
142 		delta = PAX_ASLR_DELTA(r, l2, PAX_ASLR_DELTA_EXEC_LEN);
143 		offset = ELF_TRUNC(delta, pax_align) + PAGE_SIZE;
144 #ifdef PAX_ASLR_DEBUG
145 		uprintf("r=0x%x l2=0x%zx PGSHIFT=0x%x Delta=0x%zx\n", r, l2,
146 		    PGSHIFT, delta);
147 		uprintf("pax offset=0x%llx entry=0x%llx\n",
148 		    (unsigned long long)offset,
149 		    (unsigned long long)eh->e_entry);
150 #endif /* PAX_ASLR_DEBUG */
151 	} else
152 #endif /* PAX_ASLR */
153 		offset = MAX(align, PAGE_SIZE);
154 
155 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++)
156 		ph[i].p_vaddr += offset;
157 	eh->e_entry += offset;
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Copy arguments onto the stack in the normal way, but add some
162  * extra information in case of dynamic binding.
163  */
164 int
165 elf_copyargs(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *pack,
166     struct ps_strings *arginfo, char **stackp, void *argp)
167 {
168 	size_t len, vlen;
169 	AuxInfo ai[ELF_AUX_ENTRIES], *a, *execname;
170 	struct elf_args *ap;
171 	int error;
172 
173 	if ((error = copyargs(l, pack, arginfo, stackp, argp)) != 0)
174 		return error;
175 
176 	a = ai;
177 	execname = NULL;
178 
179 	/*
180 	 * Push extra arguments on the stack needed by dynamically
181 	 * linked binaries
182 	 */
183 	if ((ap = (struct elf_args *)pack->ep_emul_arg)) {
184 		struct vattr *vap = pack->ep_vap;
185 
186 		a->a_type = AT_PHDR;
187 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phaddr;
188 		a++;
189 
190 		a->a_type = AT_PHENT;
191 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phentsize;
192 		a++;
193 
194 		a->a_type = AT_PHNUM;
195 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phnum;
196 		a++;
197 
198 		a->a_type = AT_PAGESZ;
199 		a->a_v = PAGE_SIZE;
200 		a++;
201 
202 		a->a_type = AT_BASE;
203 		a->a_v = ap->arg_interp;
204 		a++;
205 
206 		a->a_type = AT_FLAGS;
207 		a->a_v = 0;
208 		a++;
209 
210 		a->a_type = AT_ENTRY;
211 		a->a_v = ap->arg_entry;
212 		a++;
213 
214 		a->a_type = AT_EUID;
215 		if (vap->va_mode & S_ISUID)
216 			a->a_v = vap->va_uid;
217 		else
218 			a->a_v = kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred);
219 		a++;
220 
221 		a->a_type = AT_RUID;
222 		a->a_v = kauth_cred_getuid(l->l_cred);
223 		a++;
224 
225 		a->a_type = AT_EGID;
226 		if (vap->va_mode & S_ISGID)
227 			a->a_v = vap->va_gid;
228 		else
229 			a->a_v = kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred);
230 		a++;
231 
232 		a->a_type = AT_RGID;
233 		a->a_v = kauth_cred_getgid(l->l_cred);
234 		a++;
235 
236 		if (pack->ep_path) {
237 			execname = a;
238 			a->a_type = AT_SUN_EXECNAME;
239 			a++;
240 		}
241 
242 		free(ap, M_TEMP);
243 		pack->ep_emul_arg = NULL;
244 	}
245 
246 	a->a_type = AT_NULL;
247 	a->a_v = 0;
248 	a++;
249 
250 	vlen = (a - ai) * sizeof(AuxInfo);
251 
252 	if (execname) {
253 		char *path = pack->ep_path;
254 		execname->a_v = (uintptr_t)(*stackp + vlen);
255 		len = strlen(path) + 1;
256 		if ((error = copyout(path, (*stackp + vlen), len)) != 0)
257 			return error;
258 		len = ALIGN(len);
259 	} else
260 		len = 0;
261 
262 	if ((error = copyout(ai, *stackp, vlen)) != 0)
263 		return error;
264 	*stackp += vlen + len;
265 
266 	return 0;
267 }
268 
269 /*
270  * elf_check_header():
271  *
272  * Check header for validity; return 0 of ok ENOEXEC if error
273  */
274 int
275 elf_check_header(Elf_Ehdr *eh, int type)
276 {
277 
278 	if (memcmp(eh->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG) != 0 ||
279 	    eh->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS)
280 		return ENOEXEC;
281 
282 	switch (eh->e_machine) {
283 
284 	ELFDEFNNAME(MACHDEP_ID_CASES)
285 
286 	default:
287 		return ENOEXEC;
288 	}
289 
290 	if (ELF_EHDR_FLAGS_OK(eh) == 0)
291 		return ENOEXEC;
292 
293 	if (eh->e_type != type)
294 		return ENOEXEC;
295 
296 	if (eh->e_shnum > MAXSHNUM || eh->e_phnum > MAXPHNUM)
297 		return ENOEXEC;
298 
299 	return 0;
300 }
301 
302 /*
303  * elf_load_psection():
304  *
305  * Load a psection at the appropriate address
306  */
307 void
308 elf_load_psection(struct exec_vmcmd_set *vcset, struct vnode *vp,
309     const Elf_Phdr *ph, Elf_Addr *addr, u_long *size, int *prot, int flags)
310 {
311 	u_long msize, psize, rm, rf;
312 	long diff, offset;
313 
314 	/*
315 	 * If the user specified an address, then we load there.
316 	 */
317 	if (*addr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR))
318 		*addr = ph->p_vaddr;
319 
320 	if (ph->p_align > 1) {
321 		/*
322 		 * Make sure we are virtually aligned as we are supposed to be.
323 		 */
324 		diff = ph->p_vaddr - ELF_TRUNC(ph->p_vaddr, ph->p_align);
325 		KASSERT(*addr - diff == ELF_TRUNC(*addr, ph->p_align));
326 		/*
327 		 * But make sure to not map any pages before the start of the
328 		 * psection by limiting the difference to within a page.
329 		 */
330 		diff &= PAGE_MASK;
331 	} else
332 		diff = 0;
333 
334 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_R) ? VM_PROT_READ : 0;
335 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_W) ? VM_PROT_WRITE : 0;
336 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_X) ? VM_PROT_EXECUTE : 0;
337 
338 	/*
339 	 * Adjust everything so it all starts on a page boundary.
340 	 */
341 	*addr -= diff;
342 	offset = ph->p_offset - diff;
343 	*size = ph->p_filesz + diff;
344 	msize = ph->p_memsz + diff;
345 
346 	if (ph->p_align >= PAGE_SIZE) {
347 		if ((ph->p_flags & PF_W) != 0) {
348 			/*
349 			 * Because the pagedvn pager can't handle zero fill
350 			 * of the last data page if it's not page aligned we
351 			 * map the last page readvn.
352 			 */
353 			psize = trunc_page(*size);
354 		} else {
355 			psize = round_page(*size);
356 		}
357 	} else {
358 		psize = *size;
359 	}
360 
361 	if (psize > 0) {
362 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, ph->p_align < PAGE_SIZE ?
363 		    vmcmd_map_readvn : vmcmd_map_pagedvn, psize, *addr, vp,
364 		    offset, *prot, flags);
365 		flags &= VMCMD_RELATIVE;
366 	}
367 	if (psize < *size) {
368 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_readvn, *size - psize,
369 		    *addr + psize, vp, offset + psize, *prot, flags);
370 	}
371 
372 	/*
373 	 * Check if we need to extend the size of the segment (does
374 	 * bss extend page the next page boundary)?
375 	 */
376 	rm = round_page(*addr + msize);
377 	rf = round_page(*addr + *size);
378 
379 	if (rm != rf) {
380 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_zero, rm - rf, rf, NULLVP,
381 		    0, *prot, flags & VMCMD_RELATIVE);
382 		*size = msize;
383 	}
384 }
385 
386 /*
387  * elf_load_file():
388  *
389  * Load a file (interpreter/library) pointed to by path
390  * [stolen from coff_load_shlib()]. Made slightly generic
391  * so it might be used externally.
392  */
393 int
394 elf_load_file(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, char *path,
395     struct exec_vmcmd_set *vcset, u_long *entryoff, struct elf_args *ap,
396     Elf_Addr *last)
397 {
398 	int error, i;
399 	struct vnode *vp;
400 	struct vattr attr;
401 	Elf_Ehdr eh;
402 	Elf_Phdr *ph = NULL;
403 	const Elf_Phdr *ph0;
404 	const Elf_Phdr *base_ph;
405 	const Elf_Phdr *last_ph;
406 	u_long phsize;
407 	Elf_Addr addr = *last;
408 	struct proc *p;
409 
410 	p = l->l_proc;
411 
412 	/*
413 	 * 1. open file
414 	 * 2. read filehdr
415 	 * 3. map text, data, and bss out of it using VM_*
416 	 */
417 	vp = epp->ep_interp;
418 	if (vp == NULL) {
419 		error = emul_find_interp(l, epp, path);
420 		if (error != 0)
421 			return error;
422 		vp = epp->ep_interp;
423 	}
424 	/* We'll tidy this ourselves - otherwise we have locking issues */
425 	epp->ep_interp = NULL;
426 	vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
427 
428 	/*
429 	 * Similarly, if it's not marked as executable, or it's not a regular
430 	 * file, we don't allow it to be used.
431 	 */
432 	if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
433 		error = EACCES;
434 		goto badunlock;
435 	}
436 	if ((error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, l->l_cred)) != 0)
437 		goto badunlock;
438 
439 	/* get attributes */
440 	if ((error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &attr, l->l_cred)) != 0)
441 		goto badunlock;
442 
443 	/*
444 	 * Check mount point.  Though we're not trying to exec this binary,
445 	 * we will be executing code from it, so if the mount point
446 	 * disallows execution or set-id-ness, we punt or kill the set-id.
447 	 */
448 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) {
449 		error = EACCES;
450 		goto badunlock;
451 	}
452 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID)
453 		epp->ep_vap->va_mode &= ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID);
454 
455 #ifdef notyet /* XXX cgd 960926 */
456 	XXX cgd 960926: (maybe) VOP_OPEN it (and VOP_CLOSE in copyargs?)
457 #endif
458 
459 	error = vn_marktext(vp);
460 	if (error)
461 		goto badunlock;
462 
463 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
464 
465 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, vp, 0, &eh, sizeof(eh))) != 0)
466 		goto bad;
467 
468 	if ((error = elf_check_header(&eh, ET_DYN)) != 0)
469 		goto bad;
470 
471 	if (eh.e_phnum > MAXPHNUM || eh.e_phnum == 0) {
472 		error = ENOEXEC;
473 		goto bad;
474 	}
475 
476 	phsize = eh.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
477 	ph = kmem_alloc(phsize, KM_SLEEP);
478 
479 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, vp, eh.e_phoff, ph, phsize)) != 0)
480 		goto bad;
481 
482 #ifdef ELF_INTERP_NON_RELOCATABLE
483 	/*
484 	 * Evil hack:  Only MIPS should be non-relocatable, and the
485 	 * psections should have a high address (typically 0x5ffe0000).
486 	 * If it's now relocatable, it should be linked at 0 and the
487 	 * psections should have zeros in the upper part of the address.
488 	 * Otherwise, force the load at the linked address.
489 	 */
490 	if (*last == ELF_LINK_ADDR && (ph->p_vaddr & 0xffff0000) == 0)
491 		*last = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
492 #endif
493 
494 	/*
495 	 * If no position to load the interpreter was set by a probe
496 	 * function, pick the same address that a non-fixed mmap(0, ..)
497 	 * would (i.e. something safely out of the way).
498 	 */
499 	if (*last == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR)) {
500 		u_long limit = 0;
501 		/*
502 		 * Find the start and ending addresses of the psections to
503 		 * be loaded.  This will give us the size.
504 		 */
505 		for (i = 0, ph0 = ph, base_ph = NULL; i < eh.e_phnum;
506 		     i++, ph0++) {
507 			if (ph0->p_type == PT_LOAD) {
508 				u_long psize = ph0->p_vaddr + ph0->p_memsz;
509 				if (base_ph == NULL)
510 					base_ph = ph0;
511 				if (psize > limit)
512 					limit = psize;
513 			}
514 		}
515 
516 		if (base_ph == NULL) {
517 			error = ENOEXEC;
518 			goto bad;
519 		}
520 
521 		/*
522 		 * Now compute the size and load address.
523 		 */
524 		addr = (*epp->ep_esch->es_emul->e_vm_default_addr)(p,
525 		    epp->ep_daddr,
526 		    round_page(limit) - trunc_page(base_ph->p_vaddr));
527 	} else
528 		addr = *last; /* may be ELF_LINK_ADDR */
529 
530 	/*
531 	 * Load all the necessary sections
532 	 */
533 	for (i = 0, ph0 = ph, base_ph = NULL, last_ph = NULL;
534 	     i < eh.e_phnum; i++, ph0++) {
535 		switch (ph0->p_type) {
536 		case PT_LOAD: {
537 			u_long size;
538 			int prot = 0;
539 			int flags;
540 
541 			if (base_ph == NULL) {
542 				/*
543 				 * First encountered psection is always the
544 				 * base psection.  Make sure it's aligned
545 				 * properly (align down for topdown and align
546 				 * upwards for not topdown).
547 				 */
548 				base_ph = ph0;
549 				flags = VMCMD_BASE;
550 				if (addr == ELF_LINK_ADDR)
551 					addr = ph0->p_vaddr;
552 				if (p->p_vmspace->vm_map.flags & VM_MAP_TOPDOWN)
553 					addr = ELF_TRUNC(addr, ph0->p_align);
554 				else
555 					addr = ELF_ROUND(addr, ph0->p_align);
556 			} else {
557 				u_long limit = round_page(last_ph->p_vaddr
558 				    + last_ph->p_memsz);
559 				u_long base = trunc_page(ph0->p_vaddr);
560 
561 				/*
562 				 * If there is a gap in between the psections,
563 				 * map it as inaccessible so nothing else
564 				 * mmap'ed will be placed there.
565 				 */
566 				if (limit != base) {
567 					NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_zero,
568 					    base - limit,
569 					    limit - base_ph->p_vaddr, NULLVP,
570 					    0, VM_PROT_NONE, VMCMD_RELATIVE);
571 				}
572 
573 				addr = ph0->p_vaddr - base_ph->p_vaddr;
574 				flags = VMCMD_RELATIVE;
575 			}
576 			last_ph = ph0;
577 			elf_load_psection(vcset, vp, &ph[i], &addr,
578 			    &size, &prot, flags);
579 			/*
580 			 * If entry is within this psection then this
581 			 * must contain the .text section.  *entryoff is
582 			 * relative to the base psection.
583 			 */
584 			if (eh.e_entry >= ph0->p_vaddr &&
585 			    eh.e_entry < (ph0->p_vaddr + size)) {
586 				*entryoff = eh.e_entry - base_ph->p_vaddr;
587 			}
588 			addr += size;
589 			break;
590 		}
591 
592 		case PT_DYNAMIC:
593 		case PT_PHDR:
594 			break;
595 
596 		case PT_NOTE:
597 			break;
598 
599 		default:
600 			break;
601 		}
602 	}
603 
604 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
605 	/*
606 	 * This value is ignored if TOPDOWN.
607 	 */
608 	*last = addr;
609 	vrele(vp);
610 	return 0;
611 
612 badunlock:
613 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
614 
615 bad:
616 	if (ph != NULL)
617 		kmem_free(ph, phsize);
618 #ifdef notyet /* XXX cgd 960926 */
619 	(maybe) VOP_CLOSE it
620 #endif
621 	vrele(vp);
622 	return error;
623 }
624 
625 /*
626  * exec_elf_makecmds(): Prepare an Elf binary's exec package
627  *
628  * First, set of the various offsets/lengths in the exec package.
629  *
630  * Then, mark the text image busy (so it can be demand paged) or error
631  * out if this is not possible.  Finally, set up vmcmds for the
632  * text, data, bss, and stack segments.
633  */
634 int
635 exec_elf_makecmds(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp)
636 {
637 	Elf_Ehdr *eh = epp->ep_hdr;
638 	Elf_Phdr *ph, *pp;
639 	Elf_Addr phdr = 0, computed_phdr = 0, pos = 0, end_text = 0;
640 	int error, i, nload;
641 	char *interp = NULL;
642 	u_long phsize;
643 	struct proc *p;
644 	struct elf_args *ap = NULL;
645 	bool is_dyn;
646 
647 	if (epp->ep_hdrvalid < sizeof(Elf_Ehdr))
648 		return ENOEXEC;
649 
650 	is_dyn = elf_check_header(eh, ET_DYN) == 0;
651 	/*
652 	 * XXX allow for executing shared objects. It seems silly
653 	 * but other ELF-based systems allow it as well.
654 	 */
655 	if (elf_check_header(eh, ET_EXEC) != 0 && !is_dyn)
656 		return ENOEXEC;
657 
658 	if (eh->e_phnum > MAXPHNUM || eh->e_phnum == 0)
659 		return ENOEXEC;
660 
661 	error = vn_marktext(epp->ep_vp);
662 	if (error)
663 		return error;
664 
665 	/*
666 	 * Allocate space to hold all the program headers, and read them
667 	 * from the file
668 	 */
669 	p = l->l_proc;
670 	phsize = eh->e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
671 	ph = kmem_alloc(phsize, KM_SLEEP);
672 
673 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, eh->e_phoff, ph, phsize)) !=
674 	    0)
675 		goto bad;
676 
677 	epp->ep_taddr = epp->ep_tsize = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
678 	epp->ep_daddr = epp->ep_dsize = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
679 
680 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++) {
681 		pp = &ph[i];
682 		if (pp->p_type == PT_INTERP) {
683 			if (pp->p_filesz >= MAXPATHLEN) {
684 				error = ENOEXEC;
685 				goto bad;
686 			}
687 			interp = PNBUF_GET();
688 			interp[0] = '\0';
689 			if ((error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp,
690 			    pp->p_offset, interp, pp->p_filesz)) != 0)
691 				goto bad;
692 			break;
693 		}
694 	}
695 
696 	/*
697 	 * On the same architecture, we may be emulating different systems.
698 	 * See which one will accept this executable.
699 	 *
700 	 * Probe functions would normally see if the interpreter (if any)
701 	 * exists. Emulation packages may possibly replace the interpreter in
702 	 * interp[] with a changed path (/emul/xxx/<path>).
703 	 */
704 	pos = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
705 	if (epp->ep_esch->u.elf_probe_func) {
706 		vaddr_t startp = (vaddr_t)pos;
707 
708 		error = (*epp->ep_esch->u.elf_probe_func)(l, epp, eh, interp,
709 							  &startp);
710 		if (error)
711 			goto bad;
712 		pos = (Elf_Addr)startp;
713 	}
714 
715 #if defined(PAX_MPROTECT) || defined(PAX_SEGVGUARD) || defined(PAX_ASLR)
716 	p->p_pax = epp->ep_pax_flags;
717 #endif /* PAX_MPROTECT || PAX_SEGVGUARD || PAX_ASLR */
718 
719 	if (is_dyn)
720 		elf_placedynexec(l, epp, eh, ph);
721 
722 	/*
723 	 * Load all the necessary sections
724 	 */
725 	for (i = nload = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++) {
726 		Elf_Addr  addr = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
727 		u_long size = 0;
728 		int prot = 0;
729 
730 		pp = &ph[i];
731 
732 		switch (ph[i].p_type) {
733 		case PT_LOAD:
734 			elf_load_psection(&epp->ep_vmcmds, epp->ep_vp,
735 			    &ph[i], &addr, &size, &prot, VMCMD_FIXED);
736 
737 			/*
738 			 * Consider this as text segment, if it is executable.
739 			 * If there is more than one text segment, pick the
740 			 * largest.
741 			 */
742 			if (ph[i].p_flags & PF_X) {
743 				if (epp->ep_taddr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR) ||
744 				    size > epp->ep_tsize) {
745 					epp->ep_taddr = addr;
746 					epp->ep_tsize = size;
747 				}
748 				end_text = addr + size;
749 			} else {
750 				epp->ep_daddr = addr;
751 				epp->ep_dsize = size;
752 			}
753 			if (ph[i].p_offset == 0) {
754 				computed_phdr = ph[i].p_vaddr + eh->e_phoff;
755 			}
756 			break;
757 
758 		case PT_SHLIB:
759 			/* SCO has these sections. */
760 		case PT_INTERP:
761 			/* Already did this one. */
762 		case PT_DYNAMIC:
763 			break;
764 		case PT_NOTE:
765 			break;
766 		case PT_PHDR:
767 			/* Note address of program headers (in text segment) */
768 			phdr = pp->p_vaddr;
769 			break;
770 
771 		default:
772 			/*
773 			 * Not fatal; we don't need to understand everything.
774 			 */
775 			break;
776 		}
777 	}
778 	if (interp || (epp->ep_flags & EXEC_FORCEAUX) != 0) {
779 		ap = malloc(sizeof(struct elf_args), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
780 		ap->arg_interp = (vaddr_t)NULL;
781 	}
782 
783 	if (epp->ep_daddr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR)) {
784 		epp->ep_daddr = round_page(end_text);
785 		epp->ep_dsize = 0;
786 	}
787 
788 	/*
789 	 * Check if we found a dynamically linked binary and arrange to load
790 	 * its interpreter
791 	 */
792 	if (interp) {
793 		int j = epp->ep_vmcmds.evs_used;
794 		u_long interp_offset;
795 
796 		if ((error = elf_load_file(l, epp, interp,
797 		    &epp->ep_vmcmds, &interp_offset, ap, &pos)) != 0) {
798 			goto bad;
799 		}
800 		ap->arg_interp = epp->ep_vmcmds.evs_cmds[j].ev_addr;
801 		epp->ep_entry = ap->arg_interp + interp_offset;
802 		PNBUF_PUT(interp);
803 	} else
804 		epp->ep_entry = eh->e_entry;
805 
806 	if (ap) {
807 		ap->arg_phaddr = phdr ? phdr : computed_phdr;
808 		ap->arg_phentsize = eh->e_phentsize;
809 		ap->arg_phnum = eh->e_phnum;
810 		ap->arg_entry = eh->e_entry;
811 		epp->ep_emul_arg = ap;
812 	}
813 
814 #ifdef ELF_MAP_PAGE_ZERO
815 	/* Dell SVR4 maps page zero, yeuch! */
816 	NEW_VMCMD(&epp->ep_vmcmds, vmcmd_map_readvn, PAGE_SIZE, 0,
817 	    epp->ep_vp, 0, VM_PROT_READ);
818 #endif
819 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
820 	return (*epp->ep_esch->es_setup_stack)(l, epp);
821 
822 bad:
823 	if (interp)
824 		PNBUF_PUT(interp);
825 	if (ap)
826 		free(ap, M_TEMP);
827 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
828 	kill_vmcmds(&epp->ep_vmcmds);
829 	return error;
830 }
831 
832 int
833 netbsd_elf_signature(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp,
834     Elf_Ehdr *eh)
835 {
836 	size_t i;
837 	Elf_Shdr *sh;
838 	Elf_Nhdr *np;
839 	size_t shsize;
840 	int error;
841 	int isnetbsd = 0;
842 	char *ndata;
843 
844 	epp->ep_pax_flags = 0;
845 	if (eh->e_shnum > MAXSHNUM || eh->e_shnum == 0)
846 		return ENOEXEC;
847 
848 	shsize = eh->e_shnum * sizeof(Elf_Shdr);
849 	sh = kmem_alloc(shsize, KM_SLEEP);
850 	error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, eh->e_shoff, sh, shsize);
851 	if (error)
852 		goto out;
853 
854 	np = kmem_alloc(MAXNOTESIZE, KM_SLEEP);
855 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_shnum; i++) {
856 		Elf_Shdr *shp = &sh[i];
857 
858 		if (shp->sh_type != SHT_NOTE ||
859 		    shp->sh_size > MAXNOTESIZE ||
860 		    shp->sh_size < sizeof(Elf_Nhdr) + ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ)
861 			continue;
862 
863 		error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, shp->sh_offset, np,
864 		    shp->sh_size);
865 		if (error)
866 			continue;
867 
868 		ndata = (char *)(np + 1);
869 		switch (np->n_type) {
870 		case ELF_NOTE_TYPE_NETBSD_TAG:
871 			if (np->n_namesz != ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ ||
872 			    np->n_descsz != ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_DESCSZ ||
873 			    memcmp(ndata, ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAME,
874 			    ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ))
875 				goto bad;
876 			isnetbsd = 1;
877 			break;
878 
879 		case ELF_NOTE_TYPE_PAX_TAG:
880 			if (np->n_namesz != ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ ||
881 			    np->n_descsz != ELF_NOTE_PAX_DESCSZ ||
882 			    memcmp(ndata, ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAME,
883 			    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ)) {
884 bad:
885 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
886 				printf("%s: bad tag %d: "
887 				    "[%d %d, %d %d, %*.*s %*.*s]\n",
888 				    epp->ep_kname,
889 				    np->n_type,
890 				    np->n_namesz, ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
891 				    np->n_descsz, ELF_NOTE_PAX_DESCSZ,
892 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
893 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
894 				    ndata,
895 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
896 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
897 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAME);
898 #endif
899 				continue;
900 			}
901 			(void)memcpy(&epp->ep_pax_flags,
902 			    ndata + ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
903 			    sizeof(epp->ep_pax_flags));
904 			break;
905 
906 		default:
907 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
908 			printf("%s: unknown note type %d\n", epp->ep_kname,
909 			    np->n_type);
910 #endif
911 			break;
912 		}
913 	}
914 	kmem_free(np, MAXNOTESIZE);
915 
916 	error = isnetbsd ? 0 : ENOEXEC;
917 out:
918 	kmem_free(sh, shsize);
919 	return error;
920 }
921 
922 int
923 netbsd_elf_probe(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, void *eh, char *itp,
924     vaddr_t *pos)
925 {
926 	int error;
927 
928 	if ((error = netbsd_elf_signature(l, epp, eh)) != 0)
929 		return error;
930 #ifdef ELF_MD_PROBE_FUNC
931 	if ((error = ELF_MD_PROBE_FUNC(l, epp, eh, itp, pos)) != 0)
932 		return error;
933 #elif defined(ELF_INTERP_NON_RELOCATABLE)
934 	*pos = ELF_LINK_ADDR;
935 #endif
936 	return 0;
937 }
938