xref: /netbsd/sys/sys/lock.h (revision bf9ec67e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: lock.h,v 1.46 2002/05/21 01:38:26 thorpej Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Jason R. Thorpe of the Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility,
9  * NASA Ames Research Center.
10  *
11  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
12  * by Ross Harvey.
13  *
14  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
15  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16  * are met:
17  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
19  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
20  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
21  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
22  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
23  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
24  *	This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
25  *	Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
26  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
27  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
28  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
29  *
30  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
31  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
32  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
33  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
34  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
35  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
36  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
37  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
38  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
39  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
40  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
41  */
42 
43 /*
44  * Copyright (c) 1995
45  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
46  *
47  * This code contains ideas from software contributed to Berkeley by
48  * Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young, and the Mach Operating
49  * System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
50  *
51  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
52  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
53  * are met:
54  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
55  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
56  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
57  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
58  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
59  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
60  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
61  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
62  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
63  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
64  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
65  *    without specific prior written permission.
66  *
67  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
68  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
69  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
70  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
71  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
72  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
73  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
74  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
75  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
76  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
77  * SUCH DAMAGE.
78  *
79  *	@(#)lock.h	8.12 (Berkeley) 5/19/95
80  */
81 
82 #ifndef	_SYS_LOCK_H_
83 #define	_SYS_LOCK_H_
84 
85 #if defined(_KERNEL_OPT)
86 #include "opt_lockdebug.h"
87 #include "opt_multiprocessor.h"
88 #endif
89 
90 #include <sys/queue.h>
91 #include <machine/lock.h>
92 
93 /*
94  * The simple lock.  Provides a simple spinning mutex.  Note the
95  * member which is used in atomic operations must be aligned in
96  * order for it to work on the widest range of processor types.
97  */
98 struct simplelock {
99 	__cpu_simple_lock_t lock_data;
100 #ifdef LOCKDEBUG
101 	const char *lock_file;
102 	const char *unlock_file;
103 	short lock_line;
104 	short unlock_line;
105 	TAILQ_ENTRY(simplelock) list;
106 	cpuid_t lock_holder;		/* CPU ID */
107 #endif
108 };
109 
110 #ifdef LOCKDEBUG
111 #define	SIMPLELOCK_INITIALIZER	{ __SIMPLELOCK_UNLOCKED, NULL, NULL, 0,	\
112 				  0, { NULL, NULL }, LK_NOCPU }
113 #else
114 #define	SIMPLELOCK_INITIALIZER	{ __SIMPLELOCK_UNLOCKED }
115 #endif
116 
117 /*
118  * The general lock structure.  Provides for multiple shared locks,
119  * upgrading from shared to exclusive, and sleeping/spinning until the
120  * lock can be gained.
121  */
122 struct lock {
123 	struct	simplelock lk_interlock; /* lock on remaining fields */
124 	u_int	lk_flags;		/* see below */
125 	int	lk_sharecount;		/* # of accepted shared locks */
126 	short	lk_exclusivecount;	/* # of recursive exclusive locks */
127 	short	lk_recurselevel;	/* lvl above which recursion ok */
128 	int	lk_waitcount;		/* # of sleepers/spinners */
129 
130 	/*
131 	 * This is the sleep message for sleep locks, and a simple name
132 	 * for spin locks.
133 	 */
134 	const char *lk_wmesg;
135 
136 	union {
137 		struct {
138 			/* pid of exclusive lock holder */
139 			pid_t lk_sleep_lockholder;
140 
141 			/* priority at which to sleep */
142 			int lk_sleep_prio;
143 
144 			/* maximum sleep time (for tsleep) */
145 			int lk_sleep_timo;
146 		} lk_un_sleep;
147 		struct {
148 			/* CPU ID of exclusive lock holder */
149 			cpuid_t lk_spin_cpu;
150 #if defined(LOCKDEBUG)
151 			TAILQ_ENTRY(lock) lk_spin_list;
152 #endif
153 		} lk_un_spin;
154 	} lk_un;
155 
156 #define	lk_lockholder	lk_un.lk_un_sleep.lk_sleep_lockholder
157 #define	lk_prio		lk_un.lk_un_sleep.lk_sleep_prio
158 #define	lk_timo		lk_un.lk_un_sleep.lk_sleep_timo
159 
160 #define	lk_cpu		lk_un.lk_un_spin.lk_spin_cpu
161 #if defined(LOCKDEBUG)
162 #define	lk_list		lk_un.lk_un_spin.lk_spin_list
163 #endif
164 
165 #if defined(LOCKDEBUG)
166 	const char *lk_lock_file;
167 	const char *lk_unlock_file;
168 	int lk_lock_line;
169 	int lk_unlock_line;
170 #endif
171 };
172 
173 /*
174  * Lock request types:
175  *   LK_SHARED - get one of many possible shared locks. If a process
176  *	holding an exclusive lock requests a shared lock, the exclusive
177  *	lock(s) will be downgraded to shared locks.
178  *   LK_EXCLUSIVE - stop further shared locks, when they are cleared,
179  *	grant a pending upgrade if it exists, then grant an exclusive
180  *	lock. Only one exclusive lock may exist at a time, except that
181  *	a process holding an exclusive lock may get additional exclusive
182  *	locks if it explicitly sets the LK_CANRECURSE flag in the lock
183  *	request, or if the LK_CANRECUSE flag was set when the lock was
184  *	initialized.
185  *   LK_UPGRADE - the process must hold a shared lock that it wants to
186  *	have upgraded to an exclusive lock. Other processes may get
187  *	exclusive access to the resource between the time that the upgrade
188  *	is requested and the time that it is granted.
189  *   LK_EXCLUPGRADE - the process must hold a shared lock that it wants to
190  *	have upgraded to an exclusive lock. If the request succeeds, no
191  *	other processes will have gotten exclusive access to the resource
192  *	between the time that the upgrade is requested and the time that
193  *	it is granted. However, if another process has already requested
194  *	an upgrade, the request will fail (see error returns below).
195  *   LK_DOWNGRADE - the process must hold an exclusive lock that it wants
196  *	to have downgraded to a shared lock. If the process holds multiple
197  *	(recursive) exclusive locks, they will all be downgraded to shared
198  *	locks.
199  *   LK_RELEASE - release one instance of a lock.
200  *   LK_DRAIN - wait for all activity on the lock to end, then mark it
201  *	decommissioned. This feature is used before freeing a lock that
202  *	is part of a piece of memory that is about to be freed.
203  *
204  * These are flags that are passed to the lockmgr routine.
205  */
206 #define	LK_TYPE_MASK	0x0000000f	/* type of lock sought */
207 #define	LK_SHARED	0x00000001	/* shared lock */
208 #define	LK_EXCLUSIVE	0x00000002	/* exclusive lock */
209 #define	LK_UPGRADE	0x00000003	/* shared-to-exclusive upgrade */
210 #define	LK_EXCLUPGRADE	0x00000004	/* first shared-to-exclusive upgrade */
211 #define	LK_DOWNGRADE	0x00000005	/* exclusive-to-shared downgrade */
212 #define	LK_RELEASE	0x00000006	/* release any type of lock */
213 #define	LK_DRAIN	0x00000007	/* wait for all lock activity to end */
214 /*
215  * External lock flags.
216  *
217  * The first three flags may be set in lock_init to set their mode permanently,
218  * or passed in as arguments to the lock manager. The LK_REENABLE flag may be
219  * set only at the release of a lock obtained by drain.
220  */
221 #define	LK_EXTFLG_MASK	0x00700070	/* mask of external flags */
222 #define	LK_NOWAIT	0x00000010	/* do not sleep to await lock */
223 #define	LK_SLEEPFAIL	0x00000020	/* sleep, then return failure */
224 #define	LK_CANRECURSE	0x00000040	/* this may be recursive lock attempt */
225 #define	LK_REENABLE	0x00000080	/* lock is be reenabled after drain */
226 #define	LK_SETRECURSE	0x00100000	/* other locks while we have it OK */
227 #define	LK_RECURSEFAIL  0x00200000	/* attempt at recursive lock fails */
228 #define	LK_SPIN		0x00400000	/* lock spins instead of sleeps */
229 /*
230  * Internal lock flags.
231  *
232  * These flags are used internally to the lock manager.
233  */
234 #define	LK_WANT_UPGRADE	0x00000100	/* waiting for share-to-excl upgrade */
235 #define	LK_WANT_EXCL	0x00000200	/* exclusive lock sought */
236 #define	LK_HAVE_EXCL	0x00000400	/* exclusive lock obtained */
237 #define	LK_WAITDRAIN	0x00000800	/* process waiting for lock to drain */
238 #define	LK_DRAINING	0x00004000	/* lock is being drained */
239 #define	LK_DRAINED	0x00008000	/* lock has been decommissioned */
240 /*
241  * Control flags
242  *
243  * Non-persistent external flags.
244  */
245 #define	LK_INTERLOCK	0x00010000	/* unlock passed simple lock after
246 					   getting lk_interlock */
247 #define	LK_RETRY	0x00020000	/* vn_lock: retry until locked */
248 
249 /*
250  * Lock return status.
251  *
252  * Successfully obtained locks return 0. Locks will always succeed
253  * unless one of the following is true:
254  *	LK_FORCEUPGRADE is requested and some other process has already
255  *	    requested a lock upgrade (returns EBUSY).
256  *	LK_WAIT is set and a sleep would be required (returns EBUSY).
257  *	LK_SLEEPFAIL is set and a sleep was done (returns ENOLCK).
258  *	PCATCH is set in lock priority and a signal arrives (returns
259  *	    either EINTR or ERESTART if system calls is to be restarted).
260  *	Non-null lock timeout and timeout expires (returns EWOULDBLOCK).
261  * A failed lock attempt always returns a non-zero error value. No lock
262  * is held after an error return (in particular, a failed LK_UPGRADE
263  * or LK_FORCEUPGRADE will have released its shared access lock).
264  */
265 
266 /*
267  * Indicator that no process/cpu holds exclusive lock
268  */
269 #define	LK_KERNPROC	((pid_t) -2)
270 #define	LK_NOPROC	((pid_t) -1)
271 #define	LK_NOCPU	((cpuid_t) -1)
272 
273 #ifdef _KERNEL
274 
275 struct proc;
276 
277 void	lockinit(struct lock *, int prio, const char *wmesg, int timo,
278 			int flags);
279 #if defined(LOCKDEBUG)
280 int	_lockmgr(__volatile struct lock *, u_int flags, struct simplelock *,
281 	    const char *file, int line);
282 #define	lockmgr(l, f, i)	_lockmgr((l), (f), (i), __FILE__, __LINE__)
283 #else
284 int	lockmgr(__volatile struct lock *, u_int flags, struct simplelock *);
285 #endif /* LOCKDEBUG */
286 int	lockstatus(struct lock *);
287 void	lockmgr_printinfo(__volatile struct lock *);
288 
289 #if defined(LOCKDEBUG) || defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
290 void	spinlock_switchcheck(void);
291 #endif
292 
293 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) || defined(LOCKDEBUG)
294 #define	spinlockinit(lkp, name, flags)					\
295 	lockinit((lkp), 0, (name), 0, (flags) | LK_SPIN)
296 #define	spinlockmgr(lkp, flags, intrlk)					\
297 	lockmgr((lkp), (flags) | LK_SPIN, (intrlk))
298 #else
299 #define	spinlockinit(lkp, name, flags)		(void)(lkp)
300 #define	spinlockmgr(lkp, flags, intrlk)		(0)
301 #endif
302 
303 #if defined(LOCKDEBUG)
304 int	_spinlock_release_all(__volatile struct lock *, const char *, int);
305 void	_spinlock_acquire_count(__volatile struct lock *, int, const char *,
306 	    int);
307 
308 #define	spinlock_release_all(l)	_spinlock_release_all((l), __FILE__, __LINE__)
309 #define	spinlock_acquire_count(l, c) _spinlock_acquire_count((l), (c),	\
310 					__FILE__, __LINE__)
311 #else
312 int	spinlock_release_all(__volatile struct lock *);
313 void	spinlock_acquire_count(__volatile struct lock *, int);
314 #endif
315 
316 #if defined(LOCKDEBUG)
317 void	_simple_lock(__volatile struct simplelock *, const char *, int);
318 int	_simple_lock_try(__volatile struct simplelock *, const char *, int);
319 void	_simple_unlock(__volatile struct simplelock *, const char *, int);
320 int	_simple_lock_held(__volatile struct simplelock *);
321 void	simple_lock_only_held(__volatile struct simplelock *, const char *);
322 
323 #define	simple_lock(alp)	_simple_lock((alp), __FILE__, __LINE__)
324 #define	simple_lock_try(alp)	_simple_lock_try((alp), __FILE__, __LINE__)
325 #define	simple_unlock(alp)	_simple_unlock((alp), __FILE__, __LINE__)
326 #define	simple_lock_held(alp)	_simple_lock_held((alp))
327 
328 #define	LOCK_ASSERT(x)		KASSERT(x)
329 
330 void	simple_lock_init(struct simplelock *);
331 void	simple_lock_dump(void);
332 void	simple_lock_freecheck(void *, void *);
333 void	simple_lock_switchcheck(void);
334 #elif defined(MULTIPROCESSOR)
335 #define	simple_lock_init(alp)	__cpu_simple_lock_init(&(alp)->lock_data)
336 #define	simple_lock(alp)	__cpu_simple_lock(&(alp)->lock_data)
337 #define	simple_lock_try(alp)	__cpu_simple_lock_try(&(alp)->lock_data)
338 #define	simple_unlock(alp)	__cpu_simple_unlock(&(alp)->lock_data)
339 #define	LOCK_ASSERT(x)		/* nothing */
340 #define	simple_lock_only_held(x,y)		/* nothing */
341 #else
342 #define	simple_lock_init(alp)	(alp)->lock_data = __SIMPLELOCK_UNLOCKED
343 #define	simple_lock_try(alp)	(1)
344 #ifndef lint
345 #define	simple_lock(alp)	(void)(alp)
346 #define	simple_unlock(alp)	(void)(alp)
347 #else /* lint */
348 #define	simple_lock(alp)	/* nothing */
349 #define	simple_unlock(alp)	/* nothing */
350 #define	simple_lock_only_held(x,y)		/* nothing */
351 #endif /* lint */
352 #define	LOCK_ASSERT(x)		/* nothing */
353 #endif
354 
355 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR)
356 extern struct lock kernel_lock;
357 #endif
358 
359 #endif /* _KERNEL */
360 
361 #endif /* _SYS_LOCK_H_ */
362