xref: /netbsd/sys/uvm/uvm_map.h (revision bf9ec67e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: uvm_map.h,v 1.31 2001/10/03 13:32:23 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1997 Charles D. Cranor and Washington University.
5  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, The Regents of the University of California.
6  *
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
10  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
21  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
22  *	This product includes software developed by Charles D. Cranor,
23  *      Washington University, the University of California, Berkeley and
24  *      its contributors.
25  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
27  *    without specific prior written permission.
28  *
29  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
30  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
31  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
32  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
33  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
34  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
35  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
36  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
37  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
38  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
39  * SUCH DAMAGE.
40  *
41  *	@(#)vm_map.h    8.3 (Berkeley) 3/15/94
42  * from: Id: uvm_map.h,v 1.1.2.3 1998/02/07 01:16:55 chs Exp
43  *
44  *
45  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
46  * All rights reserved.
47  *
48  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
49  * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
50  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
51  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
52  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
53  *
54  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
55  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
56  * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
57  *
58  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
59  *
60  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
61  *  School of Computer Science
62  *  Carnegie Mellon University
63  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
64  *
65  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
66  * rights to redistribute these changes.
67  */
68 
69 #ifndef _UVM_UVM_MAP_H_
70 #define _UVM_UVM_MAP_H_
71 
72 /*
73  * uvm_map.h
74  */
75 
76 #ifdef _KERNEL
77 
78 /*
79  * macros
80  */
81 
82 /*
83  * UVM_MAP_CLIP_START: ensure that the entry begins at or after
84  * the starting address, if it doesn't we split the entry.
85  *
86  * => map must be locked by caller
87  */
88 
89 #define UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(MAP,ENTRY,VA) { \
90 	if ((VA) > (ENTRY)->start) uvm_map_clip_start(MAP,ENTRY,VA); }
91 
92 /*
93  * UVM_MAP_CLIP_END: ensure that the entry ends at or before
94  *      the ending address, if it does't we split the entry.
95  *
96  * => map must be locked by caller
97  */
98 
99 #define UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(MAP,ENTRY,VA) { \
100 	if ((VA) < (ENTRY)->end) uvm_map_clip_end(MAP,ENTRY,VA); }
101 
102 /*
103  * extract flags
104  */
105 #define UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE	0x1	/* remove mapping from old map */
106 #define UVM_EXTRACT_CONTIG	0x2	/* try to keep it contig */
107 #define UVM_EXTRACT_QREF	0x4	/* use quick refs */
108 #define UVM_EXTRACT_FIXPROT	0x8	/* set prot to maxprot as we go */
109 
110 #endif /* _KERNEL */
111 
112 #include <uvm/uvm_anon.h>
113 
114 /*
115  * Address map entries consist of start and end addresses,
116  * a VM object (or sharing map) and offset into that object,
117  * and user-exported inheritance and protection information.
118  * Also included is control information for virtual copy operations.
119  */
120 struct vm_map_entry {
121 	struct vm_map_entry	*prev;		/* previous entry */
122 	struct vm_map_entry	*next;		/* next entry */
123 	vaddr_t			start;		/* start address */
124 	vaddr_t			end;		/* end address */
125 	union {
126 		struct uvm_object *uvm_obj;	/* uvm object */
127 		struct vm_map	*sub_map;	/* belongs to another map */
128 	} object;				/* object I point to */
129 	voff_t			offset;		/* offset into object */
130 	int			etype;		/* entry type */
131 	vm_prot_t		protection;	/* protection code */
132 	vm_prot_t		max_protection;	/* maximum protection */
133 	vm_inherit_t		inheritance;	/* inheritance */
134 	int			wired_count;	/* can be paged if == 0 */
135 	struct vm_aref		aref;		/* anonymous overlay */
136 	int			advice;		/* madvise advice */
137 #define uvm_map_entry_stop_copy flags
138 	u_int8_t		flags;		/* flags */
139 
140 #define UVM_MAP_STATIC		0x01		/* static map entry */
141 #define UVM_MAP_KMEM		0x02		/* from kmem entry pool */
142 
143 };
144 
145 #define	VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry)	((entry)->wired_count != 0)
146 
147 /*
148  *	Maps are doubly-linked lists of map entries, kept sorted
149  *	by address.  A single hint is provided to start
150  *	searches again from the last successful search,
151  *	insertion, or removal.
152  *
153  *	LOCKING PROTOCOL NOTES:
154  *	-----------------------
155  *
156  *	VM map locking is a little complicated.  There are both shared
157  *	and exclusive locks on maps.  However, it is sometimes required
158  *	to downgrade an exclusive lock to a shared lock, and upgrade to
159  *	an exclusive lock again (to perform error recovery).  However,
160  *	another thread *must not* queue itself to receive an exclusive
161  *	lock while before we upgrade back to exclusive, otherwise the
162  *	error recovery becomes extremely difficult, if not impossible.
163  *
164  *	In order to prevent this scenario, we introduce the notion of
165  *	a `busy' map.  A `busy' map is read-locked, but other threads
166  *	attempting to write-lock wait for this flag to clear before
167  *	entering the lock manager.  A map may only be marked busy
168  *	when the map is write-locked (and then the map must be downgraded
169  *	to read-locked), and may only be marked unbusy by the thread
170  *	which marked it busy (holding *either* a read-lock or a
171  *	write-lock, the latter being gained by an upgrade).
172  *
173  *	Access to the map `flags' member is controlled by the `flags_lock'
174  *	simple lock.  Note that some flags are static (set once at map
175  *	creation time, and never changed), and thus require no locking
176  *	to check those flags.  All flags which are r/w must be set or
177  *	cleared while the `flags_lock' is asserted.  Additional locking
178  *	requirements are:
179  *
180  *		VM_MAP_PAGEABLE		r/o static flag; no locking required
181  *
182  *		VM_MAP_INTRSAFE		r/o static flag; no locking required
183  *
184  *		VM_MAP_WIREFUTURE	r/w; may only be set or cleared when
185  *					map is write-locked.  may be tested
186  *					without asserting `flags_lock'.
187  *
188  *		VM_MAP_BUSY		r/w; may only be set when map is
189  *					write-locked, may only be cleared by
190  *					thread which set it, map read-locked
191  *					or write-locked.  must be tested
192  *					while `flags_lock' is asserted.
193  *
194  *		VM_MAP_WANTLOCK		r/w; may only be set when the map
195  *					is busy, and thread is attempting
196  *					to write-lock.  must be tested
197  *					while `flags_lock' is asserted.
198  */
199 struct vm_map {
200 	struct pmap *		pmap;		/* Physical map */
201 	struct lock		lock;		/* Lock for map data */
202 	struct vm_map_entry	header;		/* List of entries */
203 	int			nentries;	/* Number of entries */
204 	vsize_t			size;		/* virtual size */
205 	int			ref_count;	/* Reference count */
206 	struct simplelock	ref_lock;	/* Lock for ref_count field */
207 	struct vm_map_entry *	hint;		/* hint for quick lookups */
208 	struct simplelock	hint_lock;	/* lock for hint storage */
209 	struct vm_map_entry *	first_free;	/* First free space hint */
210 	int			flags;		/* flags */
211 	struct simplelock	flags_lock;	/* Lock for flags field */
212 	unsigned int		timestamp;	/* Version number */
213 #define	min_offset		header.start
214 #define max_offset		header.end
215 };
216 
217 /* vm_map flags */
218 #define	VM_MAP_PAGEABLE		0x01		/* ro: entries are pageable */
219 #define	VM_MAP_INTRSAFE		0x02		/* ro: interrupt safe map */
220 #define	VM_MAP_WIREFUTURE	0x04		/* rw: wire future mappings */
221 #define	VM_MAP_BUSY		0x08		/* rw: map is busy */
222 #define	VM_MAP_WANTLOCK		0x10		/* rw: want to write-lock */
223 
224 /* XXX: number of kernel maps and entries to statically allocate */
225 
226 #if !defined(MAX_KMAPENT)
227 #if (50 + (2 * NPROC) > 1000)
228 #define MAX_KMAPENT (50 + (2 * NPROC))
229 #else
230 #define	MAX_KMAPENT	1000  /* XXXCDC: no crash */
231 #endif
232 #endif	/* !defined MAX_KMAPENT */
233 
234 #ifdef _KERNEL
235 #define	vm_map_modflags(map, set, clear)				\
236 do {									\
237 	simple_lock(&(map)->flags_lock);				\
238 	(map)->flags = ((map)->flags | (set)) & ~(clear);		\
239 	simple_unlock(&(map)->flags_lock);				\
240 } while (0)
241 #endif /* _KERNEL */
242 
243 /*
244  * handle inline options
245  */
246 
247 #ifdef UVM_MAP_INLINE
248 #define MAP_INLINE static __inline
249 #else
250 #define MAP_INLINE /* nothing */
251 #endif /* UVM_MAP_INLINE */
252 
253 /*
254  * globals:
255  */
256 
257 #ifdef _KERNEL
258 
259 #ifdef PMAP_GROWKERNEL
260 extern vaddr_t	uvm_maxkaddr;
261 #endif
262 
263 /*
264  * protos: the following prototypes define the interface to vm_map
265  */
266 
267 MAP_INLINE
268 void		uvm_map_deallocate __P((struct vm_map *));
269 
270 int		uvm_map_clean __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t, int));
271 void		uvm_map_clip_start __P((struct vm_map *, struct vm_map_entry *,
272 		    vaddr_t));
273 void		uvm_map_clip_end __P((struct vm_map *, struct vm_map_entry *,
274 		    vaddr_t));
275 MAP_INLINE
276 struct vm_map	*uvm_map_create __P((pmap_t, vaddr_t, vaddr_t, int));
277 int		uvm_map_extract __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vsize_t,
278 		    struct vm_map *, vaddr_t *, int));
279 struct vm_map_entry *uvm_map_findspace __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vsize_t,
280 		    vaddr_t *, struct uvm_object *, voff_t, vsize_t, int));
281 int		uvm_map_inherit __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t,
282 		    vm_inherit_t));
283 int		uvm_map_advice __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t, int));
284 void		uvm_map_init __P((void));
285 boolean_t	uvm_map_lookup_entry __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t,
286 		    struct vm_map_entry **));
287 MAP_INLINE
288 void		uvm_map_reference __P((struct vm_map *));
289 int		uvm_map_replace __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t,
290 		    struct vm_map_entry *, int));
291 int		uvm_map_reserve __P((struct vm_map *, vsize_t, vaddr_t, vsize_t,
292 		    vaddr_t *));
293 void		uvm_map_setup __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t, int));
294 int		uvm_map_submap __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t,
295 		    struct vm_map *));
296 MAP_INLINE
297 void		uvm_unmap __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t));
298 void		uvm_unmap_detach __P((struct vm_map_entry *,int));
299 void		uvm_unmap_remove __P((struct vm_map *, vaddr_t, vaddr_t,
300 		    struct vm_map_entry **));
301 
302 #endif /* _KERNEL */
303 
304 /*
305  * VM map locking operations:
306  *
307  *	These operations perform locking on the data portion of the
308  *	map.
309  *
310  *	vm_map_lock_try: try to lock a map, failing if it is already locked.
311  *
312  *	vm_map_lock: acquire an exclusive (write) lock on a map.
313  *
314  *	vm_map_lock_read: acquire a shared (read) lock on a map.
315  *
316  *	vm_map_unlock: release an exclusive lock on a map.
317  *
318  *	vm_map_unlock_read: release a shared lock on a map.
319  *
320  *	vm_map_downgrade: downgrade an exclusive lock to a shared lock.
321  *
322  *	vm_map_upgrade: upgrade a shared lock to an exclusive lock.
323  *
324  *	vm_map_busy: mark a map as busy.
325  *
326  *	vm_map_unbusy: clear busy status on a map.
327  *
328  * Note that "intrsafe" maps use only exclusive, spin locks.  We simply
329  * use the sleep lock's interlock for this.
330  */
331 
332 #ifdef _KERNEL
333 /* XXX: clean up later */
334 #include <sys/time.h>
335 #include <sys/proc.h>	/* for tsleep(), wakeup() */
336 #include <sys/systm.h>	/* for panic() */
337 
338 static __inline boolean_t vm_map_lock_try __P((struct vm_map *));
339 static __inline void vm_map_lock __P((struct vm_map *));
340 extern const char vmmapbsy[];
341 
342 static __inline boolean_t
343 vm_map_lock_try(map)
344 	struct vm_map *map;
345 {
346 	boolean_t rv;
347 
348 	if (map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE)
349 		rv = simple_lock_try(&map->lock.lk_interlock);
350 	else {
351 		simple_lock(&map->flags_lock);
352 		if (map->flags & VM_MAP_BUSY) {
353 			simple_unlock(&map->flags_lock);
354 			return (FALSE);
355 		}
356 		rv = (lockmgr(&map->lock, LK_EXCLUSIVE|LK_NOWAIT|LK_INTERLOCK,
357 		    &map->flags_lock) == 0);
358 	}
359 
360 	if (rv)
361 		map->timestamp++;
362 
363 	return (rv);
364 }
365 
366 static __inline void
367 vm_map_lock(map)
368 	struct vm_map *map;
369 {
370 	int error;
371 
372 	if (map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) {
373 		simple_lock(&map->lock.lk_interlock);
374 		return;
375 	}
376 
377  try_again:
378 	simple_lock(&map->flags_lock);
379 	while (map->flags & VM_MAP_BUSY) {
380 		map->flags |= VM_MAP_WANTLOCK;
381 		ltsleep(&map->flags, PVM, vmmapbsy, 0, &map->flags_lock);
382 	}
383 
384 	error = lockmgr(&map->lock, LK_EXCLUSIVE|LK_SLEEPFAIL|LK_INTERLOCK,
385 	    &map->flags_lock);
386 
387 	if (error) {
388 		KASSERT(error == ENOLCK);
389 		goto try_again;
390 	}
391 
392 	(map)->timestamp++;
393 }
394 
395 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
396 #define	vm_map_lock_read(map)						\
397 do {									\
398 	if ((map)->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE)				\
399 		panic("vm_map_lock_read: intrsafe Map");		\
400 	(void) lockmgr(&(map)->lock, LK_SHARED, NULL);			\
401 } while (0)
402 #else
403 #define	vm_map_lock_read(map)						\
404 	(void) lockmgr(&(map)->lock, LK_SHARED, NULL)
405 #endif
406 
407 #define	vm_map_unlock(map)						\
408 do {									\
409 	if ((map)->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE)				\
410 		simple_unlock(&(map)->lock.lk_interlock);		\
411 	else								\
412 		(void) lockmgr(&(map)->lock, LK_RELEASE, NULL);		\
413 } while (0)
414 
415 #define	vm_map_unlock_read(map)						\
416 	(void) lockmgr(&(map)->lock, LK_RELEASE, NULL)
417 
418 #define	vm_map_downgrade(map)						\
419 	(void) lockmgr(&(map)->lock, LK_DOWNGRADE, NULL)
420 
421 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
422 #define	vm_map_upgrade(map)						\
423 do {									\
424 	if (lockmgr(&(map)->lock, LK_UPGRADE, NULL) != 0)		\
425 		panic("vm_map_upgrade: failed to upgrade lock");	\
426 } while (0)
427 #else
428 #define	vm_map_upgrade(map)						\
429 	(void) lockmgr(&(map)->lock, LK_UPGRADE, NULL)
430 #endif
431 
432 #define	vm_map_busy(map)						\
433 do {									\
434 	simple_lock(&(map)->flags_lock);				\
435 	(map)->flags |= VM_MAP_BUSY;					\
436 	simple_unlock(&(map)->flags_lock);				\
437 } while (0)
438 
439 #define	vm_map_unbusy(map)						\
440 do {									\
441 	int oflags;							\
442 									\
443 	simple_lock(&(map)->flags_lock);				\
444 	oflags = (map)->flags;						\
445 	(map)->flags &= ~(VM_MAP_BUSY|VM_MAP_WANTLOCK);			\
446 	simple_unlock(&(map)->flags_lock);				\
447 	if (oflags & VM_MAP_WANTLOCK)					\
448 		wakeup(&(map)->flags);					\
449 } while (0)
450 #endif /* _KERNEL */
451 
452 /*
453  *	Functions implemented as macros
454  */
455 #define		vm_map_min(map)		((map)->min_offset)
456 #define		vm_map_max(map)		((map)->max_offset)
457 #define		vm_map_pmap(map)	((map)->pmap)
458 
459 #endif /* _UVM_UVM_MAP_H_ */
460