xref: /netbsd/usr.bin/write/write.c (revision bf9ec67e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: write.c,v 1.19 2001/01/03 13:25:11 mjl Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Jef Poskanzer and Craig Leres of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
21  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
24  *    without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #ifndef lint
41 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
42 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
43 #endif /* not lint */
44 
45 #ifndef lint
46 #if 0
47 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)write.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 4/27/95";
48 #else
49 __RCSID("$NetBSD: write.c,v 1.19 2001/01/03 13:25:11 mjl Exp $");
50 #endif
51 #endif /* not lint */
52 
53 #include <sys/types.h>
54 #include <sys/param.h>
55 #include <sys/stat.h>
56 #include <ctype.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <signal.h>
61 #include <time.h>
62 #include <fcntl.h>
63 #include <paths.h>
64 #include <pwd.h>
65 #include <unistd.h>
66 #include <utmp.h>
67 #include <err.h>
68 
69 void done(int);
70 void do_write(const char *, const char *, const uid_t);
71 void wr_fputs(char *);
72 void search_utmp(char *, char *, char *, uid_t, int);
73 int term_chk(const char *, int *, time_t *, int);
74 int utmp_chk(const char *, const char *);
75 int main(int, char **);
76 
77 int
78 main(int argc, char **argv)
79 {
80 	char *cp;
81 	time_t atime;
82 	uid_t myuid;
83 	int msgsok, myttyfd;
84 	char tty[MAXPATHLEN], *mytty;
85 
86 	/* check that sender has write enabled */
87 	if (isatty(fileno(stdin)))
88 		myttyfd = fileno(stdin);
89 	else if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
90 		myttyfd = fileno(stdout);
91 	else if (isatty(fileno(stderr)))
92 		myttyfd = fileno(stderr);
93 	else
94 		errx(1, "can't find your tty");
95 	if (!(mytty = ttyname(myttyfd)))
96 		errx(1, "can't find your tty's name");
97 	if ((cp = strrchr(mytty, '/')) != NULL)
98 		mytty = cp + 1;
99 	if (term_chk(mytty, &msgsok, &atime, 1))
100 		exit(1);
101 	if (!msgsok) {
102 		(void)fprintf(stderr,
103 		    "warning: you have write permission turned off; "
104 		    "no reply possible\n");
105 	}
106 
107 	myuid = getuid();
108 
109 	/* check args */
110 	switch (argc) {
111 	case 2:
112 		search_utmp(argv[1], tty, mytty, myuid, sizeof tty);
113 		do_write(tty, mytty, myuid);
114 		break;
115 	case 3:
116 		if (!strncmp(argv[2], _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))
117 			argv[2] += strlen(_PATH_DEV);
118 		if (utmp_chk(argv[1], argv[2]))
119 			errx(1, "%s is not logged in on %s",
120 			    argv[1], argv[2]);
121 		if (term_chk(argv[2], &msgsok, &atime, 1))
122 			exit(1);
123 		if (myuid && !msgsok)
124 			errx(1, "%s has messages disabled on %s",
125 			    argv[1], argv[2]);
126 		do_write(argv[2], mytty, myuid);
127 		break;
128 	default:
129 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: write user [tty]\n");
130 		exit(1);
131 	}
132 	done(0);
133 	/* NOTREACHED */
134 #ifdef __GNUC__
135 	return (0);
136 #endif
137 }
138 
139 /*
140  * utmp_chk - checks that the given user is actually logged in on
141  *     the given tty
142  */
143 int
144 utmp_chk(const char *user, const char *tty)
145 {
146 	struct utmp u;
147 	int ufd;
148 
149 	if ((ufd = open(_PATH_UTMP, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
150 		return(0);	/* ignore error, shouldn't happen anyway */
151 
152 	while (read(ufd, (char *) &u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u))
153 		if (strncmp(user, u.ut_name, sizeof(u.ut_name)) == 0 &&
154 		    strncmp(tty, u.ut_line, sizeof(u.ut_line)) == 0) {
155 			(void)close(ufd);
156 			return(0);
157 		}
158 
159 	(void)close(ufd);
160 	return(1);
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * search_utmp - search utmp for the "best" terminal to write to
165  *
166  * Ignores terminals with messages disabled, and of the rest, returns
167  * the one with the most recent access time.  Returns as value the number
168  * of the user's terminals with messages enabled, or -1 if the user is
169  * not logged in at all.
170  *
171  * Special case for writing to yourself - ignore the terminal you're
172  * writing from, unless that's the only terminal with messages enabled.
173  */
174 void
175 search_utmp(char *user, char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid, int ttylen)
176 {
177 	struct utmp u;
178 	time_t bestatime, atime;
179 	int ufd, nloggedttys, nttys, msgsok, user_is_me;
180 	char atty[UT_LINESIZE + 1];
181 
182 	if ((ufd = open(_PATH_UTMP, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
183 		err(1, "%s", _PATH_UTMP);
184 
185 	nloggedttys = nttys = 0;
186 	bestatime = 0;
187 	user_is_me = 0;
188 	while (read(ufd, (char *) &u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u))
189 		if (strncmp(user, u.ut_name, sizeof(u.ut_name)) == 0) {
190 			++nloggedttys;
191 			(void)strncpy(atty, u.ut_line, UT_LINESIZE);
192 			atty[UT_LINESIZE] = '\0';
193 			if (term_chk(atty, &msgsok, &atime, 0))
194 				continue;	/* bad term? skip */
195 			if (myuid && !msgsok)
196 				continue;	/* skip ttys with msgs off */
197 			if (strcmp(atty, mytty) == 0) {
198 				user_is_me = 1;
199 				continue;	/* don't write to yourself */
200 			}
201 			++nttys;
202 			if (atime > bestatime) {
203 				bestatime = atime;
204 				(void)strncpy(tty, atty, ttylen - 1);
205 				tty[ttylen - 1] = '\0';
206 			}
207 		}
208 
209 	(void)close(ufd);
210 	if (nloggedttys == 0)
211 		errx(1, "%s is not logged in", user);
212 	if (nttys == 0) {
213 		if (user_is_me) {		/* ok, so write to yourself! */
214 			(void)strncpy(tty, mytty, ttylen - 1);
215 			tty[ttylen - 1] = '\0';
216 			return;
217 		}
218 		errx(1, "%s has messages disabled", user);
219 	} else if (nttys > 1)
220 		warnx("%s is logged in more than once; writing to %s",
221 		    user, tty);
222 }
223 
224 /*
225  * term_chk - check that a terminal exists, and get the message bit
226  *     and the access time
227  */
228 int
229 term_chk(const char *tty, int *msgsokP, time_t *atimeP, int showerror)
230 {
231 	struct stat s;
232 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
233 
234 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof path, _PATH_DEV "%s", tty);
235 	if (stat(path, &s) < 0) {
236 		if (showerror)
237 			warn("%s", path);
238 		return(1);
239 	}
240 	*msgsokP = (s.st_mode & S_IWGRP) != 0;	/* group write bit */
241 	*atimeP = s.st_atime;
242 	return(0);
243 }
244 
245 /*
246  * do_write - actually make the connection
247  */
248 void
249 do_write(const char *tty, const char *mytty, const uid_t myuid)
250 {
251 	const char *login;
252 	char *nows;
253 	struct passwd *pwd;
254 	time_t now;
255 	char path[MAXPATHLEN], host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1], line[512];
256 
257 	/* Determine our login name before the we reopen() stdout */
258 	if ((login = getlogin()) == NULL) {
259 		if ((pwd = getpwuid(myuid)) != NULL)
260 			login = pwd->pw_name;
261 		else	login = "???";
262 	}
263 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof path, _PATH_DEV "%s", tty);
264 	if ((freopen(path, "w", stdout)) == NULL)
265 		err(1, "%s", path);
266 
267 	(void)signal(SIGINT, done);
268 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, done);
269 
270 	/* print greeting */
271 	if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host)) < 0)
272 		(void)strncpy(host, "???", sizeof(host) - 1);
273 	else
274 		host[sizeof(host) - 1] = '\0';
275 	now = time((time_t *)NULL);
276 	nows = ctime(&now);
277 	nows[16] = '\0';
278 	(void)printf("\r\n\007\007\007Message from %s@%s on %s at %s ...\r\n",
279 	    login, host, mytty, nows + 11);
280 
281 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL)
282 		wr_fputs(line);
283 }
284 
285 /*
286  * done - cleanup and exit
287  */
288 void
289 done(int dummy)
290 {
291 
292 	(void)printf("EOF\r\n");
293 	exit(0);
294 }
295 
296 /*
297  * wr_fputs - like fputs(), but makes control characters visible and
298  *     turns \n into \r\n
299  */
300 void
301 wr_fputs(char *s)
302 {
303 	char c;
304 
305 #define	PUTC(c)	if (putchar(c) == EOF) goto err;
306 
307 	for (; *s != '\0'; ++s) {
308 		c = toascii(*s);
309 		if (c == '\n') {
310 			PUTC('\r');
311 			PUTC('\n');
312 		} else if (!isprint((unsigned char)c) &&
313 		    !isspace((unsigned char)c) && c != '\007') {
314 			PUTC('^');
315 			PUTC(c^0x40);	/* DEL to ?, others to alpha */
316 		} else
317 			PUTC(c);
318 	}
319 	return;
320 
321 err:	err(1, NULL);
322 #undef PUTC
323 }
324