1.\" $OpenBSD: echo.1,v 1.24 2018/03/16 16:58:26 schwarze Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: echo.1,v 1.7 1995/03/21 09:04:26 cgd Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 5.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)echo.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/22/93 35.\" 36.Dd $Mdocdate: March 16 2018 $ 37.Dt ECHO 1 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm echo 41.Nd write arguments to the standard output 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Nm echo 44.Op Fl n 45.Op Ar string ... 46.Sh DESCRIPTION 47The 48.Nm 49utility writes any specified operands, separated by single blank 50.Pq Sq \ \& 51characters and followed by a newline 52.Pq Sq \en 53character, to the standard 54output. 55.Pp 56When no operands are given, only the newline is written. 57The 58.Fl \- 59operand, 60which generally denotes an end to option processing, 61is treated as part of 62.Ar string . 63.Pp 64The options are as follows: 65.Bl -tag -width Ds 66.It Fl n 67Do not print the trailing newline character. 68.El 69.Sh EXIT STATUS 70.Ex -std echo 71.Sh SEE ALSO 72.Xr csh 1 , 73.Xr ksh 1 , 74.Xr printf 1 75.Sh STANDARDS 76The 77.Nm 78utility is compliant with the 79.St -p1003.1-2008 80specification. 81.Pp 82The flag 83.Op Fl n 84conflicts with the behaviour mandated by the 85X/Open System Interfaces option of the 86.St -p1003.1-2008 87specification, 88which says it should be treated as part of 89.Ar string . 90Additionally, 91.Nm 92does not support any of the backslash character sequences mandated by XSI. 93.Pp 94.Nm 95also exists as a built-in to 96.Xr csh 1 97and 98.Xr ksh 1 , 99though with a different syntax. 100.Pp 101Where portability is paramount, use 102.Xr printf 1 . 103.Sh HISTORY 104An 105.Nm 106utility appeared in 107.At v2 . 108