1@c Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 2@c This is part of the GAS manual. 3@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo. 4@ifset GENERIC 5@page 6@node Z8000-Dependent 7@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 8@end ifset 9@ifclear GENERIC 10@node Machine Dependencies 11@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 12@end ifclear 13 14@cindex Z8000 support 15The Z8000 @value{AS} supports both members of the Z8000 family: the 16unsegmented Z8002, with 16 bit addresses, and the segmented Z8001 with 1724 bit addresses. 18 19When the assembler is in unsegmented mode (specified with the 20@code{unsegm} directive), an address takes up one word (16 bit) 21sized register. When the assembler is in segmented mode (specified with 22the @code{segm} directive), a 24-bit address takes up a long (32 bit) 23register. @xref{Z8000 Directives,,Assembler Directives for the Z8000}, 24for a list of other Z8000 specific assembler directives. 25 26@menu 27* Z8000 Options:: Command-line options for the Z8000 28* Z8000 Syntax:: Assembler syntax for the Z8000 29* Z8000 Directives:: Special directives for the Z8000 30* Z8000 Opcodes:: Opcodes 31@end menu 32 33@node Z8000 Options 34@section Options 35 36@cindex Z8000 options 37@cindex options, Z8000 38@table @option 39@cindex @code{-z8001} command line option, Z8000 40@item -z8001 41Generate segmented code by default. 42 43@cindex @code{-z8002} command line option, Z8000 44@item -z8002 45Generate unsegmented code by default. 46@end table 47 48@node Z8000 Syntax 49@section Syntax 50@menu 51* Z8000-Chars:: Special Characters 52* Z8000-Regs:: Register Names 53* Z8000-Addressing:: Addressing Modes 54@end menu 55 56@node Z8000-Chars 57@subsection Special Characters 58 59@cindex line comment character, Z8000 60@cindex Z8000 line comment character 61@samp{!} is the line comment character. 62 63@cindex line separator, Z8000 64@cindex statement separator, Z8000 65@cindex Z8000 line separator 66You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements. 67 68@node Z8000-Regs 69@subsection Register Names 70 71@cindex Z8000 registers 72@cindex registers, Z8000 73The Z8000 has sixteen 16 bit registers, numbered 0 to 15. You can refer 74to different sized groups of registers by register number, with the 75prefix @samp{r} for 16 bit registers, @samp{rr} for 32 bit registers and 76@samp{rq} for 64 bit registers. You can also refer to the contents of 77the first eight (of the sixteen 16 bit registers) by bytes. They are 78named @samp{rl@var{n}} and @samp{rh@var{n}}. 79 80@smallexample 81@exdent @emph{byte registers} 82rl0 rh0 rl1 rh1 rl2 rh2 rl3 rh3 83rl4 rh4 rl5 rh5 rl6 rh6 rl7 rh7 84 85@exdent @emph{word registers} 86r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 87 88@exdent @emph{long word registers} 89rr0 rr2 rr4 rr6 rr8 rr10 rr12 rr14 90 91@exdent @emph{quad word registers} 92rq0 rq4 rq8 rq12 93@end smallexample 94 95@node Z8000-Addressing 96@subsection Addressing Modes 97 98@cindex addressing modes, Z8000 99@cindex Z800 addressing modes 100@value{AS} understands the following addressing modes for the Z8000: 101 102@table @code 103@item rl@var{n} 104@itemx rh@var{n} 105@itemx r@var{n} 106@itemx rr@var{n} 107@itemx rq@var{n} 108Register direct: 8bit, 16bit, 32bit, and 64bit registers. 109 110@item @@r@var{n} 111@itemx @@rr@var{n} 112Indirect register: @@rr@var{n} in segmented mode, @@r@var{n} in unsegmented 113mode. 114 115@item @var{addr} 116Direct: the 16 bit or 24 bit address (depending on whether the assembler 117is in segmented or unsegmented mode) of the operand is in the instruction. 118 119@item address(r@var{n}) 120Indexed: the 16 or 24 bit address is added to the 16 bit register to produce 121the final address in memory of the operand. 122 123@item r@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 124@itemx rr@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 125Base Address: the 16 or 24 bit register is added to the 16 bit sign 126extended immediate displacement to produce the final address in memory 127of the operand. 128 129@item r@var{n}(r@var{m}) 130@itemx rr@var{n}(r@var{m}) 131Base Index: the 16 or 24 bit register r@var{n} or rr@var{n} is added to 132the sign extended 16 bit index register r@var{m} to produce the final 133address in memory of the operand. 134 135@item #@var{xx} 136Immediate data @var{xx}. 137@end table 138 139@node Z8000 Directives 140@section Assembler Directives for the Z8000 141 142@cindex Z8000 directives 143@cindex directives, Z8000 144The Z8000 port of @value{AS} includes additional assembler directives, 145for compatibility with other Z8000 assemblers. These do not begin with 146@samp{.} (unlike the ordinary @value{AS} directives). 147 148@table @code 149@kindex segm 150@item segm 151@kindex .z8001 152@itemx .z8001 153Generate code for the segmented Z8001. 154 155@kindex unsegm 156@item unsegm 157@kindex .z8002 158@itemx .z8002 159Generate code for the unsegmented Z8002. 160 161@kindex name 162@item name 163Synonym for @code{.file} 164 165@kindex global 166@item global 167Synonym for @code{.global} 168 169@kindex wval 170@item wval 171Synonym for @code{.word} 172 173@kindex lval 174@item lval 175Synonym for @code{.long} 176 177@kindex bval 178@item bval 179Synonym for @code{.byte} 180 181@kindex sval 182@item sval 183Assemble a string. @code{sval} expects one string literal, delimited by 184single quotes. It assembles each byte of the string into consecutive 185addresses. You can use the escape sequence @samp{%@var{xx}} (where 186@var{xx} represents a two-digit hexadecimal number) to represent the 187character whose @sc{ascii} value is @var{xx}. Use this feature to 188describe single quote and other characters that may not appear in string 189literals as themselves. For example, the C statement @w{@samp{char *a = 190"he said \"it's 50% off\"";}} is represented in Z8000 assembly language 191(shown with the assembler output in hex at the left) as 192 193@iftex 194@begingroup 195@let@nonarrowing=@comment 196@end iftex 197@smallexample 19868652073 sval 'he said %22it%27s 50%25 off%22%00' 19961696420 20022697427 20173203530 20225206F66 203662200 204@end smallexample 205@iftex 206@endgroup 207@end iftex 208 209@kindex rsect 210@item rsect 211synonym for @code{.section} 212 213@kindex block 214@item block 215synonym for @code{.space} 216 217@kindex even 218@item even 219special case of @code{.align}; aligns output to even byte boundary. 220@end table 221 222@node Z8000 Opcodes 223@section Opcodes 224 225@cindex Z8000 opcode summary 226@cindex opcode summary, Z8000 227@cindex mnemonics, Z8000 228@cindex instruction summary, Z8000 229For detailed information on the Z8000 machine instruction set, see 230@cite{Z8000 Technical Manual}. 231 232@ifset SMALL 233@c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly 234@c except in smallbook. See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file. 235 236The following table summarizes the opcodes and their arguments: 237@iftex 238@begingroup 239@let@nonarrowing=@comment 240@end iftex 241@smallexample 242 243 rs @r{16 bit source register} 244 rd @r{16 bit destination register} 245 rbs @r{8 bit source register} 246 rbd @r{8 bit destination register} 247 rrs @r{32 bit source register} 248 rrd @r{32 bit destination register} 249 rqs @r{64 bit source register} 250 rqd @r{64 bit destination register} 251 addr @r{16/24 bit address} 252 imm @r{immediate data} 253 254adc rd,rs clrb addr cpsir @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 255adcb rbd,rbs clrb addr(rd) cpsirb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 256add rd,@@rs clrb rbd dab rbd 257add rd,addr com @@rd dbjnz rbd,disp7 258add rd,addr(rs) com addr dec @@rd,imm4m1 259add rd,imm16 com addr(rd) dec addr(rd),imm4m1 260add rd,rs com rd dec addr,imm4m1 261addb rbd,@@rs comb @@rd dec rd,imm4m1 262addb rbd,addr comb addr decb @@rd,imm4m1 263addb rbd,addr(rs) comb addr(rd) decb addr(rd),imm4m1 264addb rbd,imm8 comb rbd decb addr,imm4m1 265addb rbd,rbs comflg flags decb rbd,imm4m1 266addl rrd,@@rs cp @@rd,imm16 di i2 267addl rrd,addr cp addr(rd),imm16 div rrd,@@rs 268addl rrd,addr(rs) cp addr,imm16 div rrd,addr 269addl rrd,imm32 cp rd,@@rs div rrd,addr(rs) 270addl rrd,rrs cp rd,addr div rrd,imm16 271and rd,@@rs cp rd,addr(rs) div rrd,rs 272and rd,addr cp rd,imm16 divl rqd,@@rs 273and rd,addr(rs) cp rd,rs divl rqd,addr 274and rd,imm16 cpb @@rd,imm8 divl rqd,addr(rs) 275and rd,rs cpb addr(rd),imm8 divl rqd,imm32 276andb rbd,@@rs cpb addr,imm8 divl rqd,rrs 277andb rbd,addr cpb rbd,@@rs djnz rd,disp7 278andb rbd,addr(rs) cpb rbd,addr ei i2 279andb rbd,imm8 cpb rbd,addr(rs) ex rd,@@rs 280andb rbd,rbs cpb rbd,imm8 ex rd,addr 281bit @@rd,imm4 cpb rbd,rbs ex rd,addr(rs) 282bit addr(rd),imm4 cpd rd,@@rs,rr,cc ex rd,rs 283bit addr,imm4 cpdb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,@@rs 284bit rd,imm4 cpdr rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr 285bit rd,rs cpdrb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr(rs) 286bitb @@rd,imm4 cpi rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,rbs 287bitb addr(rd),imm4 cpib rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0e imm8 288bitb addr,imm4 cpir rd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0f imm8 289bitb rbd,imm4 cpirb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext8e imm8 290bitb rbd,rs cpl rrd,@@rs ext8f imm8 291bpt cpl rrd,addr exts rrd 292call @@rd cpl rrd,addr(rs) extsb rd 293call addr cpl rrd,imm32 extsl rqd 294call addr(rd) cpl rrd,rrs halt 295calr disp12 cpsd @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,@@rs 296clr @@rd cpsdb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,imm16 297clr addr cpsdr @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,@@rs 298clr addr(rd) cpsdrb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,imm16 299clr rd cpsi @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc @@rd,imm4m1 300clrb @@rd cpsib @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc addr(rd),imm4m1 301inc addr,imm4m1 ldb rbd,rs(rx) mult rrd,addr(rs) 302inc rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(imm16),rbs mult rrd,imm16 303incb @@rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(rx),rbs mult rrd,rs 304incb addr(rd),imm4m1 ldctl ctrl,rs multl rqd,@@rs 305incb addr,imm4m1 ldctl rd,ctrl multl rqd,addr 306incb rbd,imm4m1 ldd @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,addr(rs) 307ind @@rd,@@rs,ra lddb @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,imm32 308indb @@rd,@@rs,rba lddr @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,rrs 309inib @@rd,@@rs,ra lddrb @@rs,@@rd,rr neg @@rd 310inibr @@rd,@@rs,ra ldi @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr 311iret ldib @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr(rd) 312jp cc,@@rd ldir @@rd,@@rs,rr neg rd 313jp cc,addr ldirb @@rd,@@rs,rr negb @@rd 314jp cc,addr(rd) ldk rd,imm4 negb addr 315jr cc,disp8 ldl @@rd,rrs negb addr(rd) 316ld @@rd,imm16 ldl addr(rd),rrs negb rbd 317ld @@rd,rs ldl addr,rrs nop 318ld addr(rd),imm16 ldl rd(imm16),rrs or rd,@@rs 319ld addr(rd),rs ldl rd(rx),rrs or rd,addr 320ld addr,imm16 ldl rrd,@@rs or rd,addr(rs) 321ld addr,rs ldl rrd,addr or rd,imm16 322ld rd(imm16),rs ldl rrd,addr(rs) or rd,rs 323ld rd(rx),rs ldl rrd,imm32 orb rbd,@@rs 324ld rd,@@rs ldl rrd,rrs orb rbd,addr 325ld rd,addr ldl rrd,rs(imm16) orb rbd,addr(rs) 326ld rd,addr(rs) ldl rrd,rs(rx) orb rbd,imm8 327ld rd,imm16 ldm @@rd,rs,n orb rbd,rbs 328ld rd,rs ldm addr(rd),rs,n out @@rd,rs 329ld rd,rs(imm16) ldm addr,rs,n out imm16,rs 330ld rd,rs(rx) ldm rd,@@rs,n outb @@rd,rbs 331lda rd,addr ldm rd,addr(rs),n outb imm16,rbs 332lda rd,addr(rs) ldm rd,addr,n outd @@rd,@@rs,ra 333lda rd,rs(imm16) ldps @@rs outdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 334lda rd,rs(rx) ldps addr outib @@rd,@@rs,ra 335ldar rd,disp16 ldps addr(rs) outibr @@rd,@@rs,ra 336ldb @@rd,imm8 ldr disp16,rs pop @@rd,@@rs 337ldb @@rd,rbs ldr rd,disp16 pop addr(rd),@@rs 338ldb addr(rd),imm8 ldrb disp16,rbs pop addr,@@rs 339ldb addr(rd),rbs ldrb rbd,disp16 pop rd,@@rs 340ldb addr,imm8 ldrl disp16,rrs popl @@rd,@@rs 341ldb addr,rbs ldrl rrd,disp16 popl addr(rd),@@rs 342ldb rbd,@@rs mbit popl addr,@@rs 343ldb rbd,addr mreq rd popl rrd,@@rs 344ldb rbd,addr(rs) mres push @@rd,@@rs 345ldb rbd,imm8 mset push @@rd,addr 346ldb rbd,rbs mult rrd,@@rs push @@rd,addr(rs) 347ldb rbd,rs(imm16) mult rrd,addr push @@rd,imm16 348push @@rd,rs set addr,imm4 subl rrd,imm32 349pushl @@rd,@@rs set rd,imm4 subl rrd,rrs 350pushl @@rd,addr set rd,rs tcc cc,rd 351pushl @@rd,addr(rs) setb @@rd,imm4 tccb cc,rbd 352pushl @@rd,rrs setb addr(rd),imm4 test @@rd 353res @@rd,imm4 setb addr,imm4 test addr 354res addr(rd),imm4 setb rbd,imm4 test addr(rd) 355res addr,imm4 setb rbd,rs test rd 356res rd,imm4 setflg imm4 testb @@rd 357res rd,rs sinb rbd,imm16 testb addr 358resb @@rd,imm4 sinb rd,imm16 testb addr(rd) 359resb addr(rd),imm4 sind @@rd,@@rs,ra testb rbd 360resb addr,imm4 sindb @@rd,@@rs,rba testl @@rd 361resb rbd,imm4 sinib @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr 362resb rbd,rs sinibr @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr(rd) 363resflg imm4 sla rd,imm8 testl rrd 364ret cc slab rbd,imm8 trdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 365rl rd,imm1or2 slal rrd,imm8 trdrb @@rd,@@rs,rba 366rlb rbd,imm1or2 sll rd,imm8 trib @@rd,@@rs,rbr 367rlc rd,imm1or2 sllb rbd,imm8 trirb @@rd,@@rs,rbr 368rlcb rbd,imm1or2 slll rrd,imm8 trtdrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 369rldb rbb,rba sout imm16,rs trtib @@ra,@@rb,rr 370rr rd,imm1or2 soutb imm16,rbs trtirb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 371rrb rbd,imm1or2 soutd @@rd,@@rs,ra trtrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 372rrc rd,imm1or2 soutdb @@rd,@@rs,rba tset @@rd 373rrcb rbd,imm1or2 soutib @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr 374rrdb rbb,rba soutibr @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr(rd) 375rsvd36 sra rd,imm8 tset rd 376rsvd38 srab rbd,imm8 tsetb @@rd 377rsvd78 sral rrd,imm8 tsetb addr 378rsvd7e srl rd,imm8 tsetb addr(rd) 379rsvd9d srlb rbd,imm8 tsetb rbd 380rsvd9f srll rrd,imm8 xor rd,@@rs 381rsvdb9 sub rd,@@rs xor rd,addr 382rsvdbf sub rd,addr xor rd,addr(rs) 383sbc rd,rs sub rd,addr(rs) xor rd,imm16 384sbcb rbd,rbs sub rd,imm16 xor rd,rs 385sc imm8 sub rd,rs xorb rbd,@@rs 386sda rd,rs subb rbd,@@rs xorb rbd,addr 387sdab rbd,rs subb rbd,addr xorb rbd,addr(rs) 388sdal rrd,rs subb rbd,addr(rs) xorb rbd,imm8 389sdl rd,rs subb rbd,imm8 xorb rbd,rbs 390sdlb rbd,rs subb rbd,rbs xorb rbd,rbs 391sdll rrd,rs subl rrd,@@rs 392set @@rd,imm4 subl rrd,addr 393set addr(rd),imm4 subl rrd,addr(rs) 394@end smallexample 395@iftex 396@endgroup 397@end iftex 398@end ifset 399 400