xref: /openbsd/gnu/usr.bin/perl/lib/File/stat.pm (revision e0680481)
1package File::stat;
2use 5.006;
3
4use strict;
5use warnings;
6use warnings::register;
7use Carp;
8use constant _IS_CYGWIN => $^O eq "cygwin";
9
10BEGIN { *warnif = \&warnings::warnif }
11
12our(@EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, %EXPORT_TAGS);
13
14our $VERSION = '1.13';
15
16our @fields;
17our ( $st_dev, $st_ino, $st_mode,
18    $st_nlink, $st_uid, $st_gid,
19    $st_rdev, $st_size,
20    $st_atime, $st_mtime, $st_ctime,
21    $st_blksize, $st_blocks
22);
23
24BEGIN {
25    use Exporter   ();
26    @EXPORT      = qw(stat lstat);
27    @fields      = qw( $st_dev	   $st_ino    $st_mode
28		       $st_nlink   $st_uid    $st_gid
29		       $st_rdev    $st_size
30		       $st_atime   $st_mtime  $st_ctime
31		       $st_blksize $st_blocks
32		    );
33    @EXPORT_OK   = ( @fields, "stat_cando" );
34    %EXPORT_TAGS = ( FIELDS => [ @fields, @EXPORT ] );
35}
36
37use Fcntl qw(S_IRUSR S_IWUSR S_IXUSR);
38
39BEGIN {
40    # These constants will croak on use if the platform doesn't define
41    # them. It's important to avoid inflicting that on the user.
42    no strict 'refs';
43    for (qw(suid sgid svtx)) {
44        my $val = eval { &{"Fcntl::S_I\U$_"} };
45        *{"_$_"} = defined $val ? sub { $_[0] & $val ? 1 : "" } : sub { "" };
46    }
47    for (qw(SOCK CHR BLK REG DIR LNK)) {
48        *{"S_IS$_"} = defined eval { &{"Fcntl::S_IF$_"} }
49            ? \&{"Fcntl::S_IS$_"} : sub { "" };
50    }
51    # FIFO flag and macro don't quite follow the S_IF/S_IS pattern above
52    # RT #111638
53    *{"S_ISFIFO"} = defined &Fcntl::S_IFIFO
54      ? \&Fcntl::S_ISFIFO : sub { "" };
55}
56
57# from doio.c
58sub _ingroup {
59    my ($gid, $eff)   = @_;
60
61    # I am assuming that since VMS doesn't have getgroups(2), $) will
62    # always only contain a single entry.
63    $^O eq "VMS"    and return $_[0] == $);
64
65    my ($egid, @supp) = split " ", $);
66    my ($rgid)        = split " ", $(;
67
68    $gid == ($eff ? $egid : $rgid)  and return 1;
69    grep $gid == $_, @supp          and return 1;
70
71    return "";
72}
73
74# VMS uses the Unix version of the routine, even though this is very
75# suboptimal. VMS has a permissions structure that doesn't really fit
76# into struct stat, and unlike on Win32 the normal -X operators respect
77# that, but unfortunately by the time we get here we've already lost the
78# information we need. It looks to me as though if we were to preserve
79# the st_devnam entry of vmsish.h's fake struct stat (which actually
80# holds the filename) it might be possible to do this right, but both
81# getting that value out of the struct (perl's stat doesn't return it)
82# and interpreting it later would require this module to have an XS
83# component (at which point we might as well just call Perl_cando and
84# have done with it).
85
86if (grep $^O eq $_, qw/os2 MSWin32/) {
87
88    # from doio.c
89    *cando = sub { ($_[0][2] & $_[1]) ? 1 : "" };
90}
91else {
92
93    # from doio.c
94    *cando = sub {
95        my ($s, $mode, $eff) = @_;
96        my $uid = $eff ? $> : $<;
97        my ($stmode, $stuid, $stgid) = @$s[2,4,5];
98
99        # This code basically assumes that the rwx bits of the mode are
100        # the 0777 bits, but so does Perl_cando.
101
102        if (_IS_CYGWIN ? _ingroup(544, $eff) : ($uid == 0 && $^O ne "VMS")) {
103            # If we're root on unix
104            # not testing for executable status => all file tests are true
105            return 1 if !($mode & 0111);
106            # testing for executable status =>
107            # for a file, any x bit will do
108            # for a directory, always true
109            return 1 if $stmode & 0111 || S_ISDIR($stmode);
110            return "";
111        }
112
113        if ($stuid == $uid) {
114            $stmode & $mode         and return 1;
115        }
116        elsif (_ingroup($stgid, $eff)) {
117            $stmode & ($mode >> 3)  and return 1;
118        }
119        else {
120            $stmode & ($mode >> 6)  and return 1;
121        }
122        return "";
123    };
124}
125
126# alias for those who don't like objects
127*stat_cando = \&cando;
128
129my %op = (
130    r => sub { cando($_[0], S_IRUSR, 1) },
131    w => sub { cando($_[0], S_IWUSR, 1) },
132    x => sub { cando($_[0], S_IXUSR, 1) },
133    o => sub { $_[0][4] == $>           },
134
135    R => sub { cando($_[0], S_IRUSR, 0) },
136    W => sub { cando($_[0], S_IWUSR, 0) },
137    X => sub { cando($_[0], S_IXUSR, 0) },
138    O => sub { $_[0][4] == $<           },
139
140    e => sub { 1 },
141    z => sub { $_[0][7] == 0    },
142    s => sub { $_[0][7]         },
143
144    f => sub { S_ISREG ($_[0][2]) },
145    d => sub { S_ISDIR ($_[0][2]) },
146    l => sub { S_ISLNK ($_[0][2]) },
147    p => sub { S_ISFIFO($_[0][2]) },
148    S => sub { S_ISSOCK($_[0][2]) },
149    b => sub { S_ISBLK ($_[0][2]) },
150    c => sub { S_ISCHR ($_[0][2]) },
151
152    u => sub { _suid($_[0][2]) },
153    g => sub { _sgid($_[0][2]) },
154    k => sub { _svtx($_[0][2]) },
155
156    M => sub { ($^T - $_[0][9] ) / 86400 },
157    C => sub { ($^T - $_[0][10]) / 86400 },
158    A => sub { ($^T - $_[0][8] ) / 86400 },
159);
160
161use constant HINT_FILETEST_ACCESS => 0x00400000;
162
163# we need fallback=>1 or stringifying breaks
164use overload
165    fallback => 1,
166    -X => sub {
167        my ($s, $op) = @_;
168
169        if (index("rwxRWX", $op) >= 0) {
170            (caller 0)[8] & HINT_FILETEST_ACCESS
171                and warnif("File::stat ignores use filetest 'access'");
172
173            $^O eq "VMS" and warnif("File::stat ignores VMS ACLs");
174
175            # It would be nice to have a warning about using -l on a
176            # non-lstat, but that would require an extra member in the
177            # object.
178        }
179
180        if ($op{$op}) {
181            return $op{$op}->($_[0]);
182        }
183        else {
184            croak "-$op is not implemented on a File::stat object";
185        }
186    };
187
188# Class::Struct forbids use of @ISA
189sub import { goto &Exporter::import }
190
191use Class::Struct qw(struct);
192struct 'File::stat' => [
193     map { $_ => '$' } qw{
194	 dev ino mode nlink uid gid rdev size
195	 atime mtime ctime blksize blocks
196     }
197];
198
199sub populate (@) {
200    return unless @_;
201    my $stob = new();
202    @$stob = (
203	$st_dev, $st_ino, $st_mode, $st_nlink, $st_uid, $st_gid, $st_rdev,
204        $st_size, $st_atime, $st_mtime, $st_ctime, $st_blksize, $st_blocks )
205	    = @_;
206    return $stob;
207}
208
209sub lstat ($)  { populate(CORE::lstat(shift)) }
210
211sub stat ($) {
212    my $arg = shift;
213    my $st = populate(CORE::stat $arg);
214    return $st if defined $st;
215	my $fh;
216    {
217		local $!;
218		no strict 'refs';
219		require Symbol;
220		$fh = \*{ Symbol::qualify( $arg, caller() )};
221		return unless defined fileno $fh;
222	}
223    return populate(CORE::stat $fh);
224}
225
2261;
227__END__
228
229=head1 NAME
230
231File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
232
233=head1 SYNOPSIS
234
235 use File::stat;
236 my $st = stat($file) or die "No $file: $!";
237 if ( ($st->mode & 0111) && ($st->nlink > 1) ) {
238     print "$file is executable with lotsa links\n";
239 }
240
241 if ( -x $st ) {
242     print "$file is executable\n";
243 }
244
245 use Fcntl "S_IRUSR";
246 if ( $st->cando(S_IRUSR, 1) ) {
247     print "My effective uid can read $file\n";
248 }
249
250 use File::stat qw(:FIELDS);
251 stat($file) or die "No $file: $!";
252 if ( ($st_mode & 0111) && ($st_nlink > 1) ) {
253     print "$file is executable with lotsa links\n";
254 }
255
256=head1 DESCRIPTION
257
258This module's default exports override the core stat()
259and lstat() functions, replacing them with versions that return
260"File::stat" objects.  This object has methods that
261return the similarly named structure field name from the
262stat(2) function; namely,
263dev,
264ino,
265mode,
266nlink,
267uid,
268gid,
269rdev,
270size,
271atime,
272mtime,
273ctime,
274blksize,
275and
276blocks.
277
278As of version 1.02 (provided with perl 5.12) the object provides C<"-X">
279overloading, so you can call filetest operators (C<-f>, C<-x>, and so
280on) on it. It also provides a C<< ->cando >> method, called like
281
282 $st->cando( ACCESS, EFFECTIVE )
283
284where I<ACCESS> is one of C<S_IRUSR>, C<S_IWUSR> or C<S_IXUSR> from the
285L<Fcntl|Fcntl> module, and I<EFFECTIVE> indicates whether to use
286effective (true) or real (false) ids. The method interprets the C<mode>,
287C<uid> and C<gid> fields, and returns whether or not the current process
288would be allowed the specified access.
289
290If you don't want to use the objects, you may import the C<< ->cando >>
291method into your namespace as a regular function called C<stat_cando>.
292This takes an arrayref containing the return values of C<stat> or
293C<lstat> as its first argument, and interprets it for you.
294
295You may also import all the structure fields directly into your namespace
296as regular variables using the :FIELDS import tag.  (Note that this still
297overrides your stat() and lstat() functions.)  Access these fields as
298variables named with a preceding C<st_> in front their method names.
299Thus, C<$stat_obj-E<gt>dev()> corresponds to $st_dev if you import
300the fields.
301
302To access this functionality without the core overrides,
303pass the C<use> an empty import list, and then access
304function functions with their full qualified names.
305On the other hand, the built-ins are still available
306via the C<CORE::> pseudo-package.
307
308=head1 BUGS
309
310As of Perl 5.8.0 after using this module you cannot use the implicit
311C<$_> or the special filehandle C<_> with stat() or lstat(), trying
312to do so leads into strange errors.  The workaround is for C<$_> to
313be explicit
314
315    my $stat_obj = stat $_;
316
317and for C<_> to explicitly populate the object using the unexported
318and undocumented populate() function with CORE::stat():
319
320    my $stat_obj = File::stat::populate(CORE::stat(_));
321
322=head1 ERRORS
323
324=over 4
325
326=item -%s is not implemented on a File::stat object
327
328The filetest operators C<-t>, C<-T> and C<-B> are not implemented, as
329they require more information than just a stat buffer.
330
331=back
332
333=head1 WARNINGS
334
335These can all be disabled with
336
337    no warnings "File::stat";
338
339=over 4
340
341=item File::stat ignores use filetest 'access'
342
343You have tried to use one of the C<-rwxRWX> filetests with C<use
344filetest 'access'> in effect. C<File::stat> will ignore the pragma, and
345just use the information in the C<mode> member as usual.
346
347=item File::stat ignores VMS ACLs
348
349VMS systems have a permissions structure that cannot be completely
350represented in a stat buffer, and unlike on other systems the builtin
351filetest operators respect this. The C<File::stat> overloads, however,
352do not, since the information required is not available.
353
354=back
355
356=head1 NOTE
357
358While this class is currently implemented using the Class::Struct
359module to build a struct-like class, you shouldn't rely upon this.
360
361=head1 AUTHOR
362
363Tom Christiansen
364