xref: /openbsd/gnu/usr.bin/perl/lib/Symbol.pm (revision c5dcfd37)
1package Symbol;
2
3=head1 NAME
4
5Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
6
7=head1 SYNOPSIS
8
9    use Symbol;
10
11    $sym = gensym;
12    open($sym, "filename");
13    $_ = <$sym>;
14    # etc.
15
16    ungensym $sym;      # no effect
17
18    print qualify("x"), "\n";              # "Test::x"
19    print qualify("x", "FOO"), "\n"        # "FOO::x"
20    print qualify("BAR::x"), "\n";         # "BAR::x"
21    print qualify("BAR::x", "FOO"), "\n";  # "BAR::x"
22    print qualify("STDOUT", "FOO"), "\n";  # "main::STDOUT" (global)
23    print qualify(\*x), "\n";              # returns \*x
24    print qualify(\*x, "FOO"), "\n";       # returns \*x
25
26    use strict refs;
27    print { qualify_to_ref $fh } "foo!\n";
28    $ref = qualify_to_ref $name, $pkg;
29
30    use Symbol qw(delete_package);
31    delete_package('Foo::Bar');
32    print "deleted\n" unless exists $Foo::{'Bar::'};
33
34
35=head1 DESCRIPTION
36
37C<Symbol::gensym> creates an anonymous glob and returns a reference
38to it.  Such a glob reference can be used as a file or directory
39handle.
40
41For backward compatibility with older implementations that didn't
42support anonymous globs, C<Symbol::ungensym> is also provided.
43But it doesn't do anything.
44
45C<Symbol::qualify> turns unqualified symbol names into qualified
46variable names (e.g. "myvar" -E<gt> "MyPackage::myvar").  If it is given a
47second parameter, C<qualify> uses it as the default package;
48otherwise, it uses the package of its caller.  Regardless, global
49variable names (e.g. "STDOUT", "ENV", "SIG") are always qualified with
50"main::".
51
52Qualification applies only to symbol names (strings).  References are
53left unchanged under the assumption that they are glob references,
54which are qualified by their nature.
55
56C<Symbol::qualify_to_ref> is just like C<Symbol::qualify> except that it
57returns a glob ref rather than a symbol name, so you can use the result
58even if C<use strict 'refs'> is in effect.
59
60C<Symbol::delete_package> wipes out a whole package namespace.  Note
61this routine is not exported by default--you may want to import it
62explicitly.
63
64=cut
65
66BEGIN { require 5.002; }
67
68require Exporter;
69@ISA = qw(Exporter);
70@EXPORT = qw(gensym ungensym qualify qualify_to_ref);
71@EXPORT_OK = qw(delete_package);
72
73$VERSION = 1.02;
74
75my $genpkg = "Symbol::";
76my $genseq = 0;
77
78my %global = map {$_ => 1} qw(ARGV ARGVOUT ENV INC SIG STDERR STDIN STDOUT);
79
80#
81# Note that we never _copy_ the glob; we just make a ref to it.
82# If we did copy it, then SVf_FAKE would be set on the copy, and
83# glob-specific behaviors (e.g. C<*$ref = \&func>) wouldn't work.
84#
85sub gensym () {
86    my $name = "GEN" . $genseq++;
87    my $ref = \*{$genpkg . $name};
88    delete $$genpkg{$name};
89    $ref;
90}
91
92sub ungensym ($) {}
93
94sub qualify ($;$) {
95    my ($name) = @_;
96    if (!ref($name) && index($name, '::') == -1 && index($name, "'") == -1) {
97	my $pkg;
98	# Global names: special character, "^x", or other.
99	if ($name =~ /^([^a-z])|(\^[a-z])$/i || $global{$name}) {
100	    $pkg = "main";
101	}
102	else {
103	    $pkg = (@_ > 1) ? $_[1] : caller;
104	}
105	$name = $pkg . "::" . $name;
106    }
107    $name;
108}
109
110sub qualify_to_ref ($;$) {
111    return \*{ qualify $_[0], @_ > 1 ? $_[1] : caller };
112}
113
114#
115# of Safe.pm lineage
116#
117sub delete_package ($) {
118    my $pkg = shift;
119
120    # expand to full symbol table name if needed
121
122    unless ($pkg =~ /^main::.*::$/) {
123        $pkg = "main$pkg"	if	$pkg =~ /^::/;
124        $pkg = "main::$pkg"	unless	$pkg =~ /^main::/;
125        $pkg .= '::'		unless	$pkg =~ /::$/;
126    }
127
128    my($stem, $leaf) = $pkg =~ m/(.*::)(\w+::)$/;
129    my $stem_symtab = *{$stem}{HASH};
130    return unless defined $stem_symtab and exists $stem_symtab->{$leaf};
131
132
133    # free all the symbols in the package
134
135    my $leaf_symtab = *{$stem_symtab->{$leaf}}{HASH};
136    foreach my $name (keys %$leaf_symtab) {
137        undef *{$pkg . $name};
138    }
139
140    # delete the symbol table
141
142    %$leaf_symtab = ();
143    delete $stem_symtab->{$leaf};
144}
145
1461;
147