xref: /openbsd/gnu/usr.bin/perl/t/test.pl (revision 097a140d)
1#
2# t/test.pl - most of Test::More functionality without the fuss
3
4
5# NOTE:
6#
7# Do not rely on features found only in more modern Perls here, as some CPAN
8# distributions copy this file and must operate on older Perls. Similarly, keep
9# things, simple as this may be run under fairly broken circumstances. For
10# example, increment ($x++) has a certain amount of cleverness for things like
11#
12#   $x = 'zz';
13#   $x++; # $x eq 'aaa';
14#
15# This stands more chance of breaking than just a simple
16#
17#   $x = $x + 1
18#
19# In this file, we use the latter "Baby Perl" approach, and increment
20# will be worked over by t/op/inc.t
21
22$| = 1;
23$Level = 1;
24my $test = 1;
25my $planned;
26my $noplan;
27my $Perl;       # Safer version of $^X set by which_perl()
28
29# This defines ASCII/UTF-8 vs EBCDIC/UTF-EBCDIC
30$::IS_ASCII  = ord 'A' ==  65;
31$::IS_EBCDIC = ord 'A' == 193;
32
33$TODO = 0;
34$NO_ENDING = 0;
35$Tests_Are_Passing = 1;
36
37# Use this instead of print to avoid interference while testing globals.
38sub _print {
39    local($\, $", $,) = (undef, ' ', '');
40    print STDOUT @_;
41}
42
43sub _print_stderr {
44    local($\, $", $,) = (undef, ' ', '');
45    print STDERR @_;
46}
47
48sub plan {
49    my $n;
50    if (@_ == 1) {
51	$n = shift;
52	if ($n eq 'no_plan') {
53	  undef $n;
54	  $noplan = 1;
55	}
56    } else {
57	my %plan = @_;
58	$plan{skip_all} and skip_all($plan{skip_all});
59	$n = $plan{tests};
60    }
61    _print "1..$n\n" unless $noplan;
62    $planned = $n;
63}
64
65
66# Set the plan at the end.  See Test::More::done_testing.
67sub done_testing {
68    my $n = $test - 1;
69    $n = shift if @_;
70
71    _print "1..$n\n";
72    $planned = $n;
73}
74
75
76END {
77    my $ran = $test - 1;
78    if (!$NO_ENDING) {
79	if (defined $planned && $planned != $ran) {
80	    _print_stderr
81		"# Looks like you planned $planned tests but ran $ran.\n";
82	} elsif ($noplan) {
83	    _print "1..$ran\n";
84	}
85    }
86}
87
88sub _diag {
89    return unless @_;
90    my @mess = _comment(@_);
91    $TODO ? _print(@mess) : _print_stderr(@mess);
92}
93
94# Use this instead of "print STDERR" when outputting failure diagnostic
95# messages
96sub diag {
97    _diag(@_);
98}
99
100# Use this instead of "print" when outputting informational messages
101sub note {
102    return unless @_;
103    _print( _comment(@_) );
104}
105
106sub is_miniperl {
107    return !defined &DynaLoader::boot_DynaLoader;
108}
109
110sub set_up_inc {
111    # Don’t clobber @INC under miniperl
112    @INC = () unless is_miniperl;
113    unshift @INC, @_;
114}
115
116sub _comment {
117    return map { /^#/ ? "$_\n" : "# $_\n" }
118           map { split /\n/ } @_;
119}
120
121sub _have_dynamic_extension {
122    my $extension = shift;
123    unless (eval {require Config; 1}) {
124	warn "test.pl had problems loading Config: $@";
125	return 1;
126    }
127    $extension =~ s!::!/!g;
128    return 1 if ($Config::Config{extensions} =~ /\b$extension\b/);
129}
130
131sub skip_all {
132    if (@_) {
133        _print "1..0 # Skip @_\n";
134    } else {
135	_print "1..0\n";
136    }
137    exit(0);
138}
139
140sub skip_all_if_miniperl {
141    skip_all(@_) if is_miniperl();
142}
143
144sub skip_all_without_dynamic_extension {
145    my ($extension) = @_;
146    skip_all("no dynamic loading on miniperl, no $extension") if is_miniperl();
147    return if &_have_dynamic_extension;
148    skip_all("$extension was not built");
149}
150
151sub skip_all_without_perlio {
152    skip_all('no PerlIO') unless PerlIO::Layer->find('perlio');
153}
154
155sub skip_all_without_config {
156    unless (eval {require Config; 1}) {
157	warn "test.pl had problems loading Config: $@";
158	return;
159    }
160    foreach (@_) {
161	next if $Config::Config{$_};
162	my $key = $_; # Need to copy, before trying to modify.
163	$key =~ s/^use//;
164	$key =~ s/^d_//;
165	skip_all("no $key");
166    }
167}
168
169sub skip_all_without_unicode_tables { # (but only under miniperl)
170    if (is_miniperl()) {
171        skip_all_if_miniperl("Unicode tables not built yet")
172            unless eval 'require "unicore/UCD.pl"';
173    }
174}
175
176sub find_git_or_skip {
177    my ($source_dir, $reason);
178
179    if ( $ENV{CONTINUOUS_INTEGRATION} && $ENV{WORKSPACE} ) {
180        $source_dir = $ENV{WORKSPACE};
181        if ( -d "${source_dir}/.git" ) {
182            $ENV{GIT_DIR} = "${source_dir}/.git";
183            return $source_dir;
184        }
185    }
186
187    if (-d '.git') {
188	$source_dir = '.';
189    } elsif (-l 'MANIFEST' && -l 'AUTHORS') {
190	my $where = readlink 'MANIFEST';
191	die "Can't readling MANIFEST: $!" unless defined $where;
192	die "Confusing symlink target for MANIFEST, '$where'"
193	    unless $where =~ s!/MANIFEST\z!!;
194	if (-d "$where/.git") {
195	    # Looks like we are in a symlink tree
196	    if (exists $ENV{GIT_DIR}) {
197		diag("Found source tree at $where, but \$ENV{GIT_DIR} is $ENV{GIT_DIR}. Not changing it");
198	    } else {
199		note("Found source tree at $where, setting \$ENV{GIT_DIR}");
200		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = "$where/.git";
201	    }
202	    $source_dir = $where;
203	}
204    } elsif (exists $ENV{GIT_DIR}) {
205	my $commit = '8d063cd8450e59ea1c611a2f4f5a21059a2804f1';
206	my $out = `git rev-parse --verify --quiet '$commit^{commit}'`;
207	chomp $out;
208	if($out eq $commit) {
209	    $source_dir = '.'
210	}
211    }
212    if ($ENV{'PERL_BUILD_PACKAGING'}) {
213	$reason = 'PERL_BUILD_PACKAGING is set';
214    } elsif ($source_dir) {
215	my $version_string = `git --version`;
216	if (defined $version_string
217	      && $version_string =~ /\Agit version (\d+\.\d+\.\d+)(.*)/) {
218	    return $source_dir if eval "v$1 ge v1.5.0";
219	    # If you have earlier than 1.5.0 and it works, change this test
220	    $reason = "in git checkout, but git version '$1$2' too old";
221	} else {
222	    $reason = "in git checkout, but cannot run git";
223	}
224    } else {
225	$reason = 'not being run from a git checkout';
226    }
227    skip_all($reason) if $_[0] && $_[0] eq 'all';
228    skip($reason, @_);
229}
230
231sub BAIL_OUT {
232    my ($reason) = @_;
233    _print("Bail out!  $reason\n");
234    exit 255;
235}
236
237sub _ok {
238    my ($pass, $where, $name, @mess) = @_;
239    # Do not try to microoptimize by factoring out the "not ".
240    # VMS will avenge.
241    my $out;
242    if ($name) {
243        # escape out '#' or it will interfere with '# skip' and such
244        $name =~ s/#/\\#/g;
245	$out = $pass ? "ok $test - $name" : "not ok $test - $name";
246    } else {
247	$out = $pass ? "ok $test" : "not ok $test";
248    }
249
250    if ($TODO) {
251	$out = $out . " # TODO $TODO";
252    } else {
253	$Tests_Are_Passing = 0 unless $pass;
254    }
255
256    _print "$out\n";
257
258    if ($pass) {
259	note @mess; # Ensure that the message is properly escaped.
260    }
261    else {
262	my $msg = "# Failed test $test - ";
263	$msg.= "$name " if $name;
264	$msg .= "$where\n";
265	_diag $msg;
266	_diag @mess;
267    }
268
269    $test = $test + 1; # don't use ++
270
271    return $pass;
272}
273
274sub _where {
275    my @caller = caller($Level);
276    return "at $caller[1] line $caller[2]";
277}
278
279# DON'T use this for matches. Use like() instead.
280sub ok ($@) {
281    my ($pass, $name, @mess) = @_;
282    _ok($pass, _where(), $name, @mess);
283}
284
285sub _q {
286    my $x = shift;
287    return 'undef' unless defined $x;
288    my $q = $x;
289    $q =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;
290    $q =~ s/'/\\'/g;
291    return "'$q'";
292}
293
294sub _qq {
295    my $x = shift;
296    return defined $x ? '"' . display ($x) . '"' : 'undef';
297};
298
299# Support pre-5.10 Perls, for the benefit of CPAN dists that copy this file.
300# Note that chr(90) exists in both ASCII ("Z") and EBCDIC ("!").
301my $chars_template = defined(eval { pack "W*", 90 }) ? "W*" : "U*";
302eval 'sub re::is_regexp { ref($_[0]) eq "Regexp" }'
303    if !defined &re::is_regexp;
304
305# keys are the codes \n etc map to, values are 2 char strings such as \n
306my %backslash_escape;
307foreach my $x (split //, 'nrtfa\\\'"') {
308    $backslash_escape{ord eval "\"\\$x\""} = "\\$x";
309}
310# A way to display scalars containing control characters and Unicode.
311# Trying to avoid setting $_, or relying on local $_ to work.
312sub display {
313    my @result;
314    foreach my $x (@_) {
315        if (defined $x and not ref $x) {
316            my $y = '';
317            foreach my $c (unpack($chars_template, $x)) {
318                if ($c > 255) {
319                    $y = $y . sprintf "\\x{%x}", $c;
320                } elsif ($backslash_escape{$c}) {
321                    $y = $y . $backslash_escape{$c};
322                } elsif ($c < ord " ") {
323                    # Use octal for characters with small ordinals that are
324                    # traditionally expressed as octal: the controls below
325                    # space, which on EBCDIC are almost all the controls, but
326                    # on ASCII don't include DEL nor the C1 controls.
327                    $y = $y . sprintf "\\%03o", $c;
328                } elsif (chr $c =~ /[[:print:]]/a) {
329                    $y = $y . chr $c;
330                }
331                else {
332                    $y = $y . sprintf "\\x%02X", $c;
333                }
334            }
335            $x = $y;
336        }
337        return $x unless wantarray;
338        push @result, $x;
339    }
340    return @result;
341}
342
343sub is ($$@) {
344    my ($got, $expected, $name, @mess) = @_;
345
346    my $pass;
347    if( !defined $got || !defined $expected ) {
348        # undef only matches undef
349        $pass = !defined $got && !defined $expected;
350    }
351    else {
352        $pass = $got eq $expected;
353    }
354
355    unless ($pass) {
356	unshift(@mess, "#      got "._qq($got)."\n",
357		       "# expected "._qq($expected)."\n");
358    }
359    _ok($pass, _where(), $name, @mess);
360}
361
362sub isnt ($$@) {
363    my ($got, $isnt, $name, @mess) = @_;
364
365    my $pass;
366    if( !defined $got || !defined $isnt ) {
367        # undef only matches undef
368        $pass = defined $got || defined $isnt;
369    }
370    else {
371        $pass = $got ne $isnt;
372    }
373
374    unless( $pass ) {
375        unshift(@mess, "# it should not be "._qq($got)."\n",
376                       "# but it is.\n");
377    }
378    _ok($pass, _where(), $name, @mess);
379}
380
381sub cmp_ok ($$$@) {
382    my($got, $type, $expected, $name, @mess) = @_;
383
384    my $pass;
385    {
386        local $^W = 0;
387        local($@,$!);   # don't interfere with $@
388                        # eval() sometimes resets $!
389        $pass = eval "\$got $type \$expected";
390    }
391    unless ($pass) {
392        # It seems Irix long doubles can have 2147483648 and 2147483648
393        # that stringify to the same thing but are actually numerically
394        # different. Display the numbers if $type isn't a string operator,
395        # and the numbers are stringwise the same.
396        # (all string operators have alphabetic names, so tr/a-z// is true)
397        # This will also show numbers for some unneeded cases, but will
398        # definitely be helpful for things such as == and <= that fail
399        if ($got eq $expected and $type !~ tr/a-z//) {
400            unshift @mess, "# $got - $expected = " . ($got - $expected) . "\n";
401        }
402        unshift(@mess, "#      got "._qq($got)."\n",
403                       "# expected $type "._qq($expected)."\n");
404    }
405    _ok($pass, _where(), $name, @mess);
406}
407
408# Check that $got is within $range of $expected
409# if $range is 0, then check it's exact
410# else if $expected is 0, then $range is an absolute value
411# otherwise $range is a fractional error.
412# Here $range must be numeric, >= 0
413# Non numeric ranges might be a useful future extension. (eg %)
414sub within ($$$@) {
415    my ($got, $expected, $range, $name, @mess) = @_;
416    my $pass;
417    if (!defined $got or !defined $expected or !defined $range) {
418        # This is a fail, but doesn't need extra diagnostics
419    } elsif ($got !~ tr/0-9// or $expected !~ tr/0-9// or $range !~ tr/0-9//) {
420        # This is a fail
421        unshift @mess, "# got, expected and range must be numeric\n";
422    } elsif ($range < 0) {
423        # This is also a fail
424        unshift @mess, "# range must not be negative\n";
425    } elsif ($range == 0) {
426        # Within 0 is ==
427        $pass = $got == $expected;
428    } elsif ($expected == 0) {
429        # If expected is 0, treat range as absolute
430        $pass = ($got <= $range) && ($got >= - $range);
431    } else {
432        my $diff = $got - $expected;
433        $pass = abs ($diff / $expected) < $range;
434    }
435    unless ($pass) {
436        if ($got eq $expected) {
437            unshift @mess, "# $got - $expected = " . ($got - $expected) . "\n";
438        }
439	unshift@mess, "#      got "._qq($got)."\n",
440		      "# expected "._qq($expected)." (within "._qq($range).")\n";
441    }
442    _ok($pass, _where(), $name, @mess);
443}
444
445# Note: this isn't quite as fancy as Test::More::like().
446
447sub like   ($$@) { like_yn (0,@_) }; # 0 for -
448sub unlike ($$@) { like_yn (1,@_) }; # 1 for un-
449
450sub like_yn ($$$@) {
451    my ($flip, undef, $expected, $name, @mess) = @_;
452
453    # We just accept like(..., qr/.../), not like(..., '...'), and
454    # definitely not like(..., '/.../') like
455    # Test::Builder::maybe_regex() does.
456    unless (re::is_regexp($expected)) {
457	die "PANIC: The value '$expected' isn't a regexp. The like() function needs a qr// pattern, not a string";
458    }
459
460    my $pass;
461    $pass = $_[1] =~ /$expected/ if !$flip;
462    $pass = $_[1] !~ /$expected/ if $flip;
463    my $display_got = $_[1];
464    $display_got = display($display_got);
465    my $display_expected = $expected;
466    $display_expected = display($display_expected);
467    unless ($pass) {
468	unshift(@mess, "#      got '$display_got'\n",
469		$flip
470		? "# expected !~ /$display_expected/\n"
471                : "# expected /$display_expected/\n");
472    }
473    local $Level = $Level + 1;
474    _ok($pass, _where(), $name, @mess);
475}
476
477sub pass {
478    _ok(1, '', @_);
479}
480
481sub fail {
482    _ok(0, _where(), @_);
483}
484
485sub curr_test {
486    $test = shift if @_;
487    return $test;
488}
489
490sub next_test {
491  my $retval = $test;
492  $test = $test + 1; # don't use ++
493  $retval;
494}
495
496# Note: can't pass multipart messages since we try to
497# be compatible with Test::More::skip().
498sub skip {
499    my $why = shift;
500    my $n   = @_ ? shift : 1;
501    my $bad_swap;
502    my $both_zero;
503    {
504      local $^W = 0;
505      $bad_swap = $why > 0 && $n == 0;
506      $both_zero = $why == 0 && $n == 0;
507    }
508    if ($bad_swap || $both_zero || @_) {
509      my $arg = "'$why', '$n'";
510      if (@_) {
511        $arg .= join(", ", '', map { qq['$_'] } @_);
512      }
513      die qq[$0: expected skip(why, count), got skip($arg)\n];
514    }
515    for (1..$n) {
516        _print "ok $test # skip $why\n";
517        $test = $test + 1;
518    }
519    local $^W = 0;
520    last SKIP;
521}
522
523sub skip_if_miniperl {
524    skip(@_) if is_miniperl();
525}
526
527sub skip_without_dynamic_extension {
528    my $extension = shift;
529    skip("no dynamic loading on miniperl, no extension $extension", @_)
530	if is_miniperl();
531    return if &_have_dynamic_extension($extension);
532    skip("extension $extension was not built", @_);
533}
534
535sub todo_skip {
536    my $why = shift;
537    my $n   = @_ ? shift : 1;
538
539    for (1..$n) {
540        _print "not ok $test # TODO & SKIP $why\n";
541        $test = $test + 1;
542    }
543    local $^W = 0;
544    last TODO;
545}
546
547sub eq_array {
548    my ($ra, $rb) = @_;
549    return 0 unless $#$ra == $#$rb;
550    for my $i (0..$#$ra) {
551	next     if !defined $ra->[$i] && !defined $rb->[$i];
552	return 0 if !defined $ra->[$i];
553	return 0 if !defined $rb->[$i];
554	return 0 unless $ra->[$i] eq $rb->[$i];
555    }
556    return 1;
557}
558
559sub eq_hash {
560  my ($orig, $suspect) = @_;
561  my $fail;
562  while (my ($key, $value) = each %$suspect) {
563    # Force a hash recompute if this perl's internals can cache the hash key.
564    $key = "" . $key;
565    if (exists $orig->{$key}) {
566      if (
567        defined $orig->{$key} != defined $value
568        || (defined $value && $orig->{$key} ne $value)
569      ) {
570        _print "# key ", _qq($key), " was ", _qq($orig->{$key}),
571                     " now ", _qq($value), "\n";
572        $fail = 1;
573      }
574    } else {
575      _print "# key ", _qq($key), " is ", _qq($value),
576                   ", not in original.\n";
577      $fail = 1;
578    }
579  }
580  foreach (keys %$orig) {
581    # Force a hash recompute if this perl's internals can cache the hash key.
582    $_ = "" . $_;
583    next if (exists $suspect->{$_});
584    _print "# key ", _qq($_), " was ", _qq($orig->{$_}), " now missing.\n";
585    $fail = 1;
586  }
587  !$fail;
588}
589
590# We only provide a subset of the Test::More functionality.
591sub require_ok ($) {
592    my ($require) = @_;
593    if ($require =~ tr/[A-Za-z0-9:.]//c) {
594	fail("Invalid character in \"$require\", passed to require_ok");
595    } else {
596	eval <<REQUIRE_OK;
597require $require;
598REQUIRE_OK
599	is($@, '', _where(), "require $require");
600    }
601}
602
603sub use_ok ($) {
604    my ($use) = @_;
605    if ($use =~ tr/[A-Za-z0-9:.]//c) {
606	fail("Invalid character in \"$use\", passed to use");
607    } else {
608	eval <<USE_OK;
609use $use;
610USE_OK
611	is($@, '', _where(), "use $use");
612    }
613}
614
615# runperl - Runs a separate perl interpreter and returns its output.
616# Arguments :
617#   switches => [ command-line switches ]
618#   nolib    => 1 # don't use -I../lib (included by default)
619#   non_portable => Don't warn if a one liner contains quotes
620#   prog     => one-liner (avoid quotes)
621#   progs    => [ multi-liner (avoid quotes) ]
622#   progfile => perl script
623#   stdin    => string to feed the stdin (or undef to redirect from /dev/null)
624#   stderr   => If 'devnull' suppresses stderr, if other TRUE value redirect
625#               stderr to stdout
626#   args     => [ command-line arguments to the perl program ]
627#   verbose  => print the command line
628
629my $is_mswin    = $^O eq 'MSWin32';
630my $is_netware  = $^O eq 'NetWare';
631my $is_vms      = $^O eq 'VMS';
632my $is_cygwin   = $^O eq 'cygwin';
633
634sub _quote_args {
635    my ($runperl, $args) = @_;
636
637    foreach (@$args) {
638	# In VMS protect with doublequotes because otherwise
639	# DCL will lowercase -- unless already doublequoted.
640       $_ = q(").$_.q(") if $is_vms && !/^\"/ && length($_) > 0;
641       $runperl = $runperl . ' ' . $_;
642    }
643    return $runperl;
644}
645
646sub _create_runperl { # Create the string to qx in runperl().
647    my %args = @_;
648    my $runperl = which_perl();
649    if ($runperl =~ m/\s/) {
650        $runperl = qq{"$runperl"};
651    }
652    #- this allows, for example, to set PERL_RUNPERL_DEBUG=/usr/bin/valgrind
653    if ($ENV{PERL_RUNPERL_DEBUG}) {
654	$runperl = "$ENV{PERL_RUNPERL_DEBUG} $runperl";
655    }
656    unless ($args{nolib}) {
657	$runperl = $runperl . ' "-I../lib" "-I." '; # doublequotes because of VMS
658    }
659    if ($args{switches}) {
660	local $Level = 2;
661	die "test.pl:runperl(): 'switches' must be an ARRAYREF " . _where()
662	    unless ref $args{switches} eq "ARRAY";
663	$runperl = _quote_args($runperl, $args{switches});
664    }
665    if (defined $args{prog}) {
666	die "test.pl:runperl(): both 'prog' and 'progs' cannot be used " . _where()
667	    if defined $args{progs};
668        $args{progs} = [split /\n/, $args{prog}, -1]
669    }
670    if (defined $args{progs}) {
671	die "test.pl:runperl(): 'progs' must be an ARRAYREF " . _where()
672	    unless ref $args{progs} eq "ARRAY";
673        foreach my $prog (@{$args{progs}}) {
674	    if (!$args{non_portable}) {
675		if ($prog =~ tr/'"//) {
676		    warn "quotes in prog >>$prog<< are not portable";
677		}
678		if ($prog =~ /^([<>|]|2>)/) {
679		    warn "Initial $1 in prog >>$prog<< is not portable";
680		}
681		if ($prog =~ /&\z/) {
682		    warn "Trailing & in prog >>$prog<< is not portable";
683		}
684	    }
685            if ($is_mswin || $is_netware || $is_vms) {
686                $runperl = $runperl . qq ( -e "$prog" );
687            }
688            else {
689                $runperl = $runperl . qq ( -e '$prog' );
690            }
691        }
692    } elsif (defined $args{progfile}) {
693	$runperl = $runperl . qq( "$args{progfile}");
694    } else {
695	# You probably didn't want to be sucking in from the upstream stdin
696	die "test.pl:runperl(): none of prog, progs, progfile, args, "
697	    . " switches or stdin specified"
698	    unless defined $args{args} or defined $args{switches}
699		or defined $args{stdin};
700    }
701    if (defined $args{stdin}) {
702	# so we don't try to put literal newlines and crs onto the
703	# command line.
704	$args{stdin} =~ s/\n/\\n/g;
705	$args{stdin} =~ s/\r/\\r/g;
706
707	if ($is_mswin || $is_netware || $is_vms) {
708	    $runperl = qq{$Perl -e "print qq(} .
709		$args{stdin} . q{)" | } . $runperl;
710	}
711	else {
712	    $runperl = qq{$Perl -e 'print qq(} .
713		$args{stdin} . q{)' | } . $runperl;
714	}
715    } elsif (exists $args{stdin}) {
716        # Using the pipe construction above can cause fun on systems which use
717        # ksh as /bin/sh, as ksh does pipes differently (with one less process)
718        # With sh, for the command line 'perl -e 'print qq()' | perl -e ...'
719        # the sh process forks two children, which use exec to start the two
720        # perl processes. The parent shell process persists for the duration of
721        # the pipeline, and the second perl process starts with no children.
722        # With ksh (and zsh), the shell saves a process by forking a child for
723        # just the first perl process, and execing itself to start the second.
724        # This means that the second perl process starts with one child which
725        # it didn't create. This causes "fun" when if the tests assume that
726        # wait (or waitpid) will only return information about processes
727        # started within the test.
728        # They also cause fun on VMS, where the pipe implementation returns
729        # the exit code of the process at the front of the pipeline, not the
730        # end. This messes up any test using OPTION FATAL.
731        # Hence it's useful to have a way to make STDIN be at eof without
732        # needing a pipeline, so that the fork tests have a sane environment
733        # without these surprises.
734
735        # /dev/null appears to be surprisingly portable.
736        $runperl = $runperl . ($is_mswin ? ' <nul' : ' </dev/null');
737    }
738    if (defined $args{args}) {
739	$runperl = _quote_args($runperl, $args{args});
740    }
741    if (exists $args{stderr} && $args{stderr} eq 'devnull') {
742        $runperl = $runperl . ($is_mswin ? ' 2>nul' : ' 2>/dev/null');
743    }
744    elsif ($args{stderr}) {
745        $runperl = $runperl . ' 2>&1';
746    }
747    if ($args{verbose}) {
748	my $runperldisplay = $runperl;
749	$runperldisplay =~ s/\n/\n\#/g;
750	_print_stderr "# $runperldisplay\n";
751    }
752    return $runperl;
753}
754
755# sub run_perl {} is alias to below
756# Since this uses backticks to run, it is subject to the rules of the shell.
757# Locale settings may pose a problem, depending on the program being run.
758sub runperl {
759    die "test.pl:runperl() does not take a hashref"
760	if ref $_[0] and ref $_[0] eq 'HASH';
761    my $runperl = &_create_runperl;
762    my $result;
763
764    my $tainted = ${^TAINT};
765    my %args = @_;
766    exists $args{switches} && grep m/^-T$/, @{$args{switches}} and $tainted = $tainted + 1;
767
768    if ($tainted) {
769	# We will assume that if you're running under -T, you really mean to
770	# run a fresh perl, so we'll brute force launder everything for you
771	my $sep;
772
773	if (! eval {require Config; 1}) {
774	    warn "test.pl had problems loading Config: $@";
775	    $sep = ':';
776	} else {
777	    $sep = $Config::Config{path_sep};
778	}
779
780	my @keys = grep {exists $ENV{$_}} qw(CDPATH IFS ENV BASH_ENV);
781	local @ENV{@keys} = ();
782	# Untaint, plus take out . and empty string:
783	local $ENV{'DCL$PATH'} = $1 if $is_vms && exists($ENV{'DCL$PATH'}) && ($ENV{'DCL$PATH'} =~ /(.*)/s);
784	$ENV{PATH} =~ /(.*)/s;
785	local $ENV{PATH} =
786	    join $sep, grep { $_ ne "" and $_ ne "." and -d $_ and
787		($is_mswin or $is_vms or !(stat && (stat _)[2]&0022)) }
788		    split quotemeta ($sep), $1;
789	if ($is_cygwin) {   # Must have /bin under Cygwin
790	    if (length $ENV{PATH}) {
791		$ENV{PATH} = $ENV{PATH} . $sep;
792	    }
793	    $ENV{PATH} = $ENV{PATH} . '/bin';
794	}
795	$runperl =~ /(.*)/s;
796	$runperl = $1;
797
798	$result = `$runperl`;
799    } else {
800	$result = `$runperl`;
801    }
802    $result =~ s/\n\n/\n/g if $is_vms; # XXX pipes sometimes double these
803    return $result;
804}
805
806# Nice alias
807*run_perl = *run_perl = \&runperl; # shut up "used only once" warning
808
809sub DIE {
810    _print_stderr "# @_\n";
811    exit 1;
812}
813
814# A somewhat safer version of the sometimes wrong $^X.
815sub which_perl {
816    unless (defined $Perl) {
817	$Perl = $^X;
818
819	# VMS should have 'perl' aliased properly
820	return $Perl if $is_vms;
821
822	my $exe;
823	if (! eval {require Config; 1}) {
824	    warn "test.pl had problems loading Config: $@";
825	    $exe = '';
826	} else {
827	    $exe = $Config::Config{_exe};
828	}
829       $exe = '' unless defined $exe;
830
831	# This doesn't absolutize the path: beware of future chdirs().
832	# We could do File::Spec->abs2rel() but that does getcwd()s,
833	# which is a bit heavyweight to do here.
834
835	if ($Perl =~ /^perl\Q$exe\E$/i) {
836	    my $perl = "perl$exe";
837	    if (! eval {require File::Spec; 1}) {
838		warn "test.pl had problems loading File::Spec: $@";
839		$Perl = "./$perl";
840	    } else {
841		$Perl = File::Spec->catfile(File::Spec->curdir(), $perl);
842	    }
843	}
844
845	# Build up the name of the executable file from the name of
846	# the command.
847
848	if ($Perl !~ /\Q$exe\E$/i) {
849	    $Perl = $Perl . $exe;
850	}
851
852	warn "which_perl: cannot find $Perl from $^X" unless -f $Perl;
853
854	# For subcommands to use.
855	$ENV{PERLEXE} = $Perl;
856    }
857    return $Perl;
858}
859
860sub unlink_all {
861    my $count = 0;
862    foreach my $file (@_) {
863        1 while unlink $file;
864	if( -f $file ){
865	    _print_stderr "# Couldn't unlink '$file': $!\n";
866	}else{
867	    $count = $count + 1; # don't use ++
868	}
869    }
870    $count;
871}
872
873# _num_to_alpha - Returns a string of letters representing a positive integer.
874# Arguments :
875#   number to convert
876#   maximum number of letters
877
878# returns undef if the number is negative
879# returns undef if the number of letters is greater than the maximum wanted
880
881# _num_to_alpha( 0) eq 'A';
882# _num_to_alpha( 1) eq 'B';
883# _num_to_alpha(25) eq 'Z';
884# _num_to_alpha(26) eq 'AA';
885# _num_to_alpha(27) eq 'AB';
886
887my @letters = qw(A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z);
888
889# Avoid ++ -- ranges split negative numbers
890sub _num_to_alpha{
891    my($num,$max_char) = @_;
892    return unless $num >= 0;
893    my $alpha = '';
894    my $char_count = 0;
895    $max_char = 0 if $max_char < 0;
896
897    while( 1 ){
898        $alpha = $letters[ $num % 26 ] . $alpha;
899        $num = int( $num / 26 );
900        last if $num == 0;
901        $num = $num - 1;
902
903        # char limit
904        next unless $max_char;
905        $char_count = $char_count + 1;
906        return if $char_count == $max_char;
907    }
908    return $alpha;
909}
910
911my %tmpfiles;
912END { unlink_all keys %tmpfiles }
913
914# A regexp that matches the tempfile names
915$::tempfile_regexp = 'tmp\d+[A-Z][A-Z]?';
916
917# Avoid ++, avoid ranges, avoid split //
918my $tempfile_count = 0;
919sub tempfile {
920    while(1){
921	my $try = (-d "t" ? "t/" : "")."tmp$$";
922        my $alpha = _num_to_alpha($tempfile_count,2);
923        last unless defined $alpha;
924        $try = $try . $alpha;
925        $tempfile_count = $tempfile_count + 1;
926
927	# Need to note all the file names we allocated, as a second request may
928	# come before the first is created.
929	if (!$tmpfiles{$try} && !-e $try) {
930	    # We have a winner
931	    $tmpfiles{$try} = 1;
932	    return $try;
933	}
934    }
935    die "Can't find temporary file name starting \"tmp$$\"";
936}
937
938# register_tempfile - Adds a list of files to be removed at the end of the current test file
939# Arguments :
940#   a list of files to be removed later
941
942# returns a count of how many file names were actually added
943
944# Reuses %tmpfiles so that tempfile() will also skip any files added here
945# even if the file doesn't exist yet.
946
947sub register_tempfile {
948    my $count = 0;
949    for( @_ ){
950	if( $tmpfiles{$_} ){
951	    _print_stderr "# Temporary file '$_' already added\n";
952	}else{
953	    $tmpfiles{$_} = 1;
954	    $count = $count + 1;
955	}
956    }
957    return $count;
958}
959
960# This is the temporary file for fresh_perl
961my $tmpfile = tempfile();
962
963sub fresh_perl {
964    my($prog, $runperl_args) = @_;
965
966    # Run 'runperl' with the complete perl program contained in '$prog', and
967    # arguments in the hash referred to by '$runperl_args'.  The results are
968    # returned, with $? set to the exit code.  Unless overridden, stderr is
969    # redirected to stdout.
970    #
971    # Placing the program in a file bypasses various sh vagaries
972
973    die sprintf "Second argument to fresh_perl_.* must be hashref of args to fresh_perl (or {})"
974        unless !(defined $runperl_args) || ref($runperl_args) eq 'HASH';
975
976    # Given the choice of the mis-parsable {}
977    # (we want an anon hash, but a borked lexer might think that it's a block)
978    # or relying on taking a reference to a lexical
979    # (\ might be mis-parsed, and the reference counting on the pad may go
980    #  awry)
981    # it feels like the least-worse thing is to assume that auto-vivification
982    # works. At least, this is only going to be a run-time failure, so won't
983    # affect tests using this file but not this function.
984    $runperl_args->{progfile} ||= $tmpfile;
985    $runperl_args->{stderr}     = 1 unless exists $runperl_args->{stderr};
986
987    open TEST, '>', $tmpfile or die "Cannot open $tmpfile: $!";
988    binmode TEST, ':utf8' if $runperl_args->{wide_chars};
989    print TEST $prog;
990    close TEST or die "Cannot close $tmpfile: $!";
991
992    my $results = runperl(%$runperl_args);
993    my $status = $?;    # Not necessary to save this, but it makes it clear to
994                        # future maintainers.
995
996    # Clean up the results into something a bit more predictable.
997    $results  =~ s/\n+$//;
998    $results =~ s/at\s+$::tempfile_regexp\s+line/at - line/g;
999    $results =~ s/of\s+$::tempfile_regexp\s+aborted/of - aborted/g;
1000
1001    # bison says 'parse error' instead of 'syntax error',
1002    # various yaccs may or may not capitalize 'syntax'.
1003    $results =~ s/^(syntax|parse) error/syntax error/mig;
1004
1005    if ($is_vms) {
1006        # some tests will trigger VMS messages that won't be expected
1007        $results =~ s/\n?%[A-Z]+-[SIWEF]-[A-Z]+,.*//;
1008
1009        # pipes double these sometimes
1010        $results =~ s/\n\n/\n/g;
1011    }
1012
1013    $? = $status;
1014    return $results;
1015}
1016
1017
1018sub _fresh_perl {
1019    my($prog, $action, $expect, $runperl_args, $name) = @_;
1020
1021    my $results = fresh_perl($prog, $runperl_args);
1022    my $status = $?;
1023
1024    # Use the first line of the program as a name if none was given
1025    unless( $name ) {
1026        ($first_line, $name) = $prog =~ /^((.{1,50}).*)/;
1027        $name = $name . '...' if length $first_line > length $name;
1028    }
1029
1030    # Historically this was implemented using a closure, but then that means
1031    # that the tests for closures avoid using this code. Given that there
1032    # are exactly two callers, doing exactly two things, the simpler approach
1033    # feels like a better trade off.
1034    my $pass;
1035    if ($action eq 'eq') {
1036	$pass = is($results, $expect, $name);
1037    } elsif ($action eq '=~') {
1038	$pass = like($results, $expect, $name);
1039    } else {
1040	die "_fresh_perl can't process action '$action'";
1041    }
1042
1043    unless ($pass) {
1044        _diag "# PROG: \n$prog\n";
1045        _diag "# STATUS: $status\n";
1046    }
1047
1048    return $pass;
1049}
1050
1051#
1052# fresh_perl_is
1053#
1054# Combination of run_perl() and is().
1055#
1056
1057sub fresh_perl_is {
1058    my($prog, $expected, $runperl_args, $name) = @_;
1059
1060    # _fresh_perl() is going to clip the trailing newlines off the result.
1061    # This will make it so the test author doesn't have to know that.
1062    $expected =~ s/\n+$//;
1063
1064    local $Level = 2;
1065    _fresh_perl($prog, 'eq', $expected, $runperl_args, $name);
1066}
1067
1068#
1069# fresh_perl_like
1070#
1071# Combination of run_perl() and like().
1072#
1073
1074sub fresh_perl_like {
1075    my($prog, $expected, $runperl_args, $name) = @_;
1076    local $Level = 2;
1077    _fresh_perl($prog, '=~', $expected, $runperl_args, $name);
1078}
1079
1080# Many tests use the same format in __DATA__ or external files to specify a
1081# sequence of (fresh) tests to run, extra files they may temporarily need, and
1082# what the expected output is.  Putting it here allows common code to serve
1083# these multiple tests.
1084#
1085# Each program is source code to run followed by an "EXPECT" line, followed
1086# by the expected output.
1087#
1088# The first line of the code to run may be a command line switch such as -wE
1089# or -0777 (alphanumerics only; only one cluster, beginning with a minus is
1090# allowed).  Later lines may contain (note the '# ' on each):
1091#   # TODO reason for todo
1092#   # SKIP reason for skip
1093#   # SKIP ?code to test if this should be skipped
1094#   # NAME name of the test (as with ok($ok, $name))
1095#
1096# The expected output may contain:
1097#   OPTION list of options
1098#   OPTIONS list of options
1099#
1100# The possible options for OPTION may be:
1101#   regex - the expected output is a regular expression
1102#   random - all lines match but in any order
1103#   fatal - the code will fail fatally (croak, die)
1104#   nonfatal - the code is not expected to fail fatally
1105#
1106# If the actual output contains a line "SKIPPED" the test will be
1107# skipped.
1108#
1109# If the actual output contains a line "PREFIX", any output starting with that
1110# line will be ignored when comparing with the expected output
1111#
1112# If the global variable $FATAL is true then OPTION fatal is the
1113# default.
1114
1115sub _setup_one_file {
1116    my $fh = shift;
1117    # Store the filename as a program that started at line 0.
1118    # Real files count lines starting at line 1.
1119    my @these = (0, shift);
1120    my ($lineno, $current);
1121    while (<$fh>) {
1122        if ($_ eq "########\n") {
1123            if (defined $current) {
1124                push @these, $lineno, $current;
1125            }
1126            undef $current;
1127        } else {
1128            if (!defined $current) {
1129                $lineno = $.;
1130            }
1131            $current .= $_;
1132        }
1133    }
1134    if (defined $current) {
1135        push @these, $lineno, $current;
1136    }
1137    ((scalar @these) / 2 - 1, @these);
1138}
1139
1140sub setup_multiple_progs {
1141    my ($tests, @prgs);
1142    foreach my $file (@_) {
1143        next if $file =~ /(?:~|\.orig|,v)$/;
1144        next if $file =~ /perlio$/ && !PerlIO::Layer->find('perlio');
1145        next if -d $file;
1146
1147        open my $fh, '<', $file or die "Cannot open $file: $!\n" ;
1148        my $found;
1149        while (<$fh>) {
1150            if (/^__END__/) {
1151                $found = $found + 1; # don't use ++
1152                last;
1153            }
1154        }
1155        # This is an internal error, and should never happen. All bar one of
1156        # the files had an __END__ marker to signal the end of their preamble,
1157        # although for some it wasn't technically necessary as they have no
1158        # tests. It might be possible to process files without an __END__ by
1159        # seeking back to the start and treating the whole file as tests, but
1160        # it's simpler and more reliable just to make the rule that all files
1161        # must have __END__ in. This should never fail - a file without an
1162        # __END__ should not have been checked in, because the regression tests
1163        # would not have passed.
1164        die "Could not find '__END__' in $file"
1165            unless $found;
1166
1167        my ($t, @p) = _setup_one_file($fh, $file);
1168        $tests += $t;
1169        push @prgs, @p;
1170
1171        close $fh
1172            or die "Cannot close $file: $!\n";
1173    }
1174    return ($tests, @prgs);
1175}
1176
1177sub run_multiple_progs {
1178    my $up = shift;
1179    my @prgs;
1180    if ($up) {
1181	# The tests in lib run in a temporary subdirectory of t, and always
1182	# pass in a list of "programs" to run
1183	@prgs = @_;
1184    } else {
1185        # The tests below t run in t and pass in a file handle. In theory we
1186        # can pass (caller)[1] as the second argument to report errors with
1187        # the filename of our caller, as the handle is always DATA. However,
1188        # line numbers in DATA count from the __END__ token, so will be wrong.
1189        # Which is more confusing than not providing line numbers. So, for now,
1190        # don't provide line numbers. No obvious clean solution - one hack
1191        # would be to seek DATA back to the start and read to the __END__ token,
1192        # but that feels almost like we should just open $0 instead.
1193
1194        # Not going to rely on undef in list assignment.
1195        my $dummy;
1196        ($dummy, @prgs) = _setup_one_file(shift);
1197    }
1198
1199    my $tmpfile = tempfile();
1200
1201    my ($file, $line);
1202  PROGRAM:
1203    while (defined ($line = shift @prgs)) {
1204        $_ = shift @prgs;
1205        unless ($line) {
1206            $file = $_;
1207            if (defined $file) {
1208                print "# From $file\n";
1209            }
1210	    next;
1211	}
1212	my $switch = "";
1213	my @temps ;
1214	my @temp_path;
1215	if (s/^(\s*-\w+)//) {
1216	    $switch = $1;
1217	}
1218	my ($prog, $expected) = split(/\nEXPECT(?:\n|$)/, $_, 2);
1219
1220	my %reason;
1221	foreach my $what (qw(skip todo)) {
1222	    $prog =~ s/^#\s*\U$what\E\s*(.*)\n//m and $reason{$what} = $1;
1223	    # If the SKIP reason starts ? then it's taken as a code snippet to
1224	    # evaluate. This provides the flexibility to have conditional SKIPs
1225	    if ($reason{$what} && $reason{$what} =~ s/^\?//) {
1226		my $temp = eval $reason{$what};
1227		if ($@) {
1228		    die "# In \U$what\E code reason:\n# $reason{$what}\n$@";
1229		}
1230		$reason{$what} = $temp;
1231	    }
1232	}
1233
1234	my $name = '';
1235	if ($prog =~ s/^#\s*NAME\s+(.+)\n//m) {
1236	    $name = $1;
1237	}
1238
1239	if ($reason{skip}) {
1240	SKIP:
1241	  {
1242	    skip($name ? "$name - $reason{skip}" : $reason{skip}, 1);
1243	  }
1244	  next PROGRAM;
1245	}
1246
1247	if ($prog =~ /--FILE--/) {
1248	    my @files = split(/\n?--FILE--\s*([^\s\n]*)\s*\n/, $prog) ;
1249	    shift @files ;
1250	    die "Internal error: test $_ didn't split into pairs, got " .
1251		scalar(@files) . "[" . join("%%%%", @files) ."]\n"
1252		    if @files % 2;
1253	    while (@files > 2) {
1254		my $filename = shift @files;
1255		my $code = shift @files;
1256		push @temps, $filename;
1257		if ($filename =~ m#(.*)/# && $filename !~ m#^\.\./#) {
1258		    require File::Path;
1259		    File::Path::mkpath($1);
1260		    push(@temp_path, $1);
1261		}
1262		open my $fh, '>', $filename or die "Cannot open $filename: $!\n";
1263		print $fh $code;
1264		close $fh or die "Cannot close $filename: $!\n";
1265	    }
1266	    shift @files;
1267	    $prog = shift @files;
1268	}
1269
1270	open my $fh, '>', $tmpfile or die "Cannot open >$tmpfile: $!";
1271	print $fh q{
1272        BEGIN {
1273            push @INC, '.';
1274            open STDERR, '>&', STDOUT
1275              or die "Can't dup STDOUT->STDERR: $!;";
1276        }
1277	};
1278	print $fh "\n#line 1\n";  # So the line numbers don't get messed up.
1279	print $fh $prog,"\n";
1280	close $fh or die "Cannot close $tmpfile: $!";
1281	my $results = runperl( stderr => 1, progfile => $tmpfile,
1282			       stdin => undef, $up
1283			       ? (switches => ["-I$up/lib", $switch], nolib => 1)
1284			       : (switches => [$switch])
1285			        );
1286	my $status = $?;
1287	$results =~ s/\n+$//;
1288	# allow expected output to be written as if $prog is on STDIN
1289	$results =~ s/$::tempfile_regexp/-/g;
1290	if ($^O eq 'VMS') {
1291	    # some tests will trigger VMS messages that won't be expected
1292	    $results =~ s/\n?%[A-Z]+-[SIWEF]-[A-Z]+,.*//;
1293
1294	    # pipes double these sometimes
1295	    $results =~ s/\n\n/\n/g;
1296	}
1297	# bison says 'parse error' instead of 'syntax error',
1298	# various yaccs may or may not capitalize 'syntax'.
1299	$results =~ s/^(syntax|parse) error/syntax error/mig;
1300	# allow all tests to run when there are leaks
1301	$results =~ s/Scalars leaked: \d+\n//g;
1302
1303	$expected =~ s/\n+$//;
1304	my $prefix = ($results =~ s#^PREFIX(\n|$)##) ;
1305	# any special options? (OPTIONS foo bar zap)
1306	my $option_regex = 0;
1307	my $option_random = 0;
1308	my $fatal = $FATAL;
1309	if ($expected =~ s/^OPTIONS? (.+)(?:\n|\Z)//) {
1310	    foreach my $option (split(' ', $1)) {
1311		if ($option eq 'regex') { # allow regular expressions
1312		    $option_regex = 1;
1313		}
1314		elsif ($option eq 'random') { # all lines match, but in any order
1315		    $option_random = 1;
1316		}
1317		elsif ($option eq 'fatal') { # perl should fail
1318		    $fatal = 1;
1319		}
1320                elsif ($option eq 'nonfatal') {
1321                    # used to turn off default fatal
1322                    $fatal = 0;
1323                }
1324		else {
1325		    die "$0: Unknown OPTION '$option'\n";
1326		}
1327	    }
1328	}
1329	die "$0: can't have OPTION regex and random\n"
1330	    if $option_regex + $option_random > 1;
1331	my $ok = 0;
1332	if ($results =~ s/^SKIPPED\n//) {
1333	    print "$results\n" ;
1334	    $ok = 1;
1335	}
1336	else {
1337	    if ($option_random) {
1338	        my @got = sort split "\n", $results;
1339	        my @expected = sort split "\n", $expected;
1340
1341	        $ok = "@got" eq "@expected";
1342	    }
1343	    elsif ($option_regex) {
1344	        $ok = $results =~ /^$expected/;
1345	    }
1346	    elsif ($prefix) {
1347	        $ok = $results =~ /^\Q$expected/;
1348	    }
1349	    else {
1350	        $ok = $results eq $expected;
1351	    }
1352
1353	    if ($ok && $fatal && !($status >> 8)) {
1354		$ok = 0;
1355	    }
1356	}
1357
1358	local $::TODO = $reason{todo};
1359
1360	unless ($ok) {
1361	    my $err_line = "PROG: $switch\n$prog\n" .
1362			   "EXPECTED:\n$expected\n";
1363	    $err_line   .= "EXIT STATUS: != 0\n" if $fatal;
1364	    $err_line   .= "GOT:\n$results\n";
1365	    $err_line   .= "EXIT STATUS: " . ($status >> 8) . "\n" if $fatal;
1366	    if ($::TODO) {
1367		$err_line =~ s/^/# /mg;
1368		print $err_line;  # Harness can't filter it out from STDERR.
1369	    }
1370	    else {
1371		print STDERR $err_line;
1372	    }
1373	}
1374
1375        if (defined $file) {
1376            _ok($ok, "at $file line $line", $name);
1377        } else {
1378            # We don't have file and line number data for the test, so report
1379            # errors as coming from our caller.
1380            local $Level = $Level + 1;
1381            ok($ok, $name);
1382        }
1383
1384	foreach (@temps) {
1385	    unlink $_ if $_;
1386	}
1387	foreach (@temp_path) {
1388	    File::Path::rmtree $_ if -d $_;
1389	}
1390    }
1391}
1392
1393sub can_ok ($@) {
1394    my($proto, @methods) = @_;
1395    my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
1396
1397    unless( @methods ) {
1398        return _ok( 0, _where(), "$class->can(...)" );
1399    }
1400
1401    my @nok = ();
1402    foreach my $method (@methods) {
1403        local($!, $@);  # don't interfere with caller's $@
1404                        # eval sometimes resets $!
1405        eval { $proto->can($method) } || push @nok, $method;
1406    }
1407
1408    my $name;
1409    $name = @methods == 1 ? "$class->can('$methods[0]')"
1410                          : "$class->can(...)";
1411
1412    _ok( !@nok, _where(), $name );
1413}
1414
1415
1416# Call $class->new( @$args ); and run the result through object_ok.
1417# See Test::More::new_ok
1418sub new_ok {
1419    my($class, $args, $obj_name) = @_;
1420    $args ||= [];
1421    $object_name = "The object" unless defined $obj_name;
1422
1423    local $Level = $Level + 1;
1424
1425    my $obj;
1426    my $ok = eval { $obj = $class->new(@$args); 1 };
1427    my $error = $@;
1428
1429    if($ok) {
1430        object_ok($obj, $class, $object_name);
1431    }
1432    else {
1433        ok( 0, "new() died" );
1434        diag("Error was:  $@");
1435    }
1436
1437    return $obj;
1438
1439}
1440
1441
1442sub isa_ok ($$;$) {
1443    my($object, $class, $obj_name) = @_;
1444
1445    my $diag;
1446    $obj_name = 'The object' unless defined $obj_name;
1447    my $name = "$obj_name isa $class";
1448    if( !defined $object ) {
1449        $diag = "$obj_name isn't defined";
1450    }
1451    else {
1452        my $whatami = ref $object ? 'object' : 'class';
1453
1454        # We can't use UNIVERSAL::isa because we want to honor isa() overrides
1455        local($@, $!);  # eval sometimes resets $!
1456        my $rslt = eval { $object->isa($class) };
1457        my $error = $@;  # in case something else blows away $@
1458
1459        if( $error ) {
1460            if( $error =~ /^Can't call method "isa" on unblessed reference/ ) {
1461                # It's an unblessed reference
1462                $obj_name = 'The reference' unless defined $obj_name;
1463                if( !UNIVERSAL::isa($object, $class) ) {
1464                    my $ref = ref $object;
1465                    $diag = "$obj_name isn't a '$class' it's a '$ref'";
1466                }
1467            }
1468            elsif( $error =~ /Can't call method "isa" without a package/ ) {
1469                # It's something that can't even be a class
1470                $obj_name = 'The thing' unless defined $obj_name;
1471                $diag = "$obj_name isn't a class or reference";
1472            }
1473            else {
1474                die <<WHOA;
1475WHOA! I tried to call ->isa on your object and got some weird error.
1476This should never happen.  Please contact the author immediately.
1477Here's the error.
1478$@
1479WHOA
1480            }
1481        }
1482        elsif( !$rslt ) {
1483            $obj_name = "The $whatami" unless defined $obj_name;
1484            my $ref = ref $object;
1485            $diag = "$obj_name isn't a '$class' it's a '$ref'";
1486        }
1487    }
1488
1489    _ok( !$diag, _where(), $name );
1490}
1491
1492
1493sub class_ok {
1494    my($class, $isa, $class_name) = @_;
1495
1496    # Written so as to count as one test
1497    local $Level = $Level + 1;
1498    if( ref $class ) {
1499        ok( 0, "$class is a reference, not a class name" );
1500    }
1501    else {
1502        isa_ok($class, $isa, $class_name);
1503    }
1504}
1505
1506
1507sub object_ok {
1508    my($obj, $isa, $obj_name) = @_;
1509
1510    local $Level = $Level + 1;
1511    if( !ref $obj ) {
1512        ok( 0, "$obj is not a reference" );
1513    }
1514    else {
1515        isa_ok($obj, $isa, $obj_name);
1516    }
1517}
1518
1519
1520# Purposefully avoiding a closure.
1521sub __capture {
1522    push @::__capture, join "", @_;
1523}
1524
1525sub capture_warnings {
1526    my $code = shift;
1527
1528    local @::__capture;
1529    local $SIG {__WARN__} = \&__capture;
1530    local $Level = 1;
1531    &$code;
1532    return @::__capture;
1533}
1534
1535# This will generate a variable number of tests.
1536# Use done_testing() instead of a fixed plan.
1537sub warnings_like {
1538    my ($code, $expect, $name) = @_;
1539    local $Level = $Level + 1;
1540
1541    my @w = capture_warnings($code);
1542
1543    cmp_ok(scalar @w, '==', scalar @$expect, $name);
1544    foreach my $e (@$expect) {
1545	if (ref $e) {
1546	    like(shift @w, $e, $name);
1547	} else {
1548	    is(shift @w, $e, $name);
1549	}
1550    }
1551    if (@w) {
1552	diag("Saw these additional warnings:");
1553	diag($_) foreach @w;
1554    }
1555}
1556
1557sub _fail_excess_warnings {
1558    my($expect, $got, $name) = @_;
1559    local $Level = $Level + 1;
1560    # This will fail, and produce diagnostics
1561    is($expect, scalar @$got, $name);
1562    diag("Saw these warnings:");
1563    diag($_) foreach @$got;
1564}
1565
1566sub warning_is {
1567    my ($code, $expect, $name) = @_;
1568    die sprintf "Expect must be a string or undef, not a %s reference", ref $expect
1569	if ref $expect;
1570    local $Level = $Level + 1;
1571    my @w = capture_warnings($code);
1572    if (@w > 1) {
1573	_fail_excess_warnings(0 + defined $expect, \@w, $name);
1574    } else {
1575	is($w[0], $expect, $name);
1576    }
1577}
1578
1579sub warning_like {
1580    my ($code, $expect, $name) = @_;
1581    die sprintf "Expect must be a regexp object"
1582	unless ref $expect eq 'Regexp';
1583    local $Level = $Level + 1;
1584    my @w = capture_warnings($code);
1585    if (@w > 1) {
1586	_fail_excess_warnings(0 + defined $expect, \@w, $name);
1587    } else {
1588	like($w[0], $expect, $name);
1589    }
1590}
1591
1592# Set a watchdog to timeout the entire test file
1593# NOTE:  If the test file uses 'threads', then call the watchdog() function
1594#        _AFTER_ the 'threads' module is loaded.
1595sub watchdog ($;$)
1596{
1597    my $timeout = shift;
1598    my $method  = shift || "";
1599    my $timeout_msg = 'Test process timed out - terminating';
1600
1601    # Valgrind slows perl way down so give it more time before dying.
1602    $timeout *= 10 if $ENV{PERL_VALGRIND};
1603
1604    my $pid_to_kill = $$;   # PID for this process
1605
1606    if ($method eq "alarm") {
1607        goto WATCHDOG_VIA_ALARM;
1608    }
1609
1610    # shut up use only once warning
1611    my $threads_on = $threads::threads && $threads::threads;
1612
1613    # Don't use a watchdog process if 'threads' is loaded -
1614    #   use a watchdog thread instead
1615    if (!$threads_on || $method eq "process") {
1616
1617        # On Windows and VMS, try launching a watchdog process
1618        #   using system(1, ...) (see perlport.pod)
1619        if ($is_mswin || $is_vms) {
1620            # On Windows, try to get the 'real' PID
1621            if ($is_mswin) {
1622                eval { require Win32; };
1623                if (defined(&Win32::GetCurrentProcessId)) {
1624                    $pid_to_kill = Win32::GetCurrentProcessId();
1625                }
1626            }
1627
1628            # If we still have a fake PID, we can't use this method at all
1629            return if ($pid_to_kill <= 0);
1630
1631            # Launch watchdog process
1632            my $watchdog;
1633            eval {
1634                local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub {
1635                    _diag("Watchdog warning: $_[0]");
1636                };
1637                my $sig = $is_vms ? 'TERM' : 'KILL';
1638                my $prog = "sleep($timeout);" .
1639                           "warn qq/# $timeout_msg" . '\n/;' .
1640                           "kill(q/$sig/, $pid_to_kill);";
1641
1642                # On Windows use the indirect object plus LIST form to guarantee
1643                # that perl is launched directly rather than via the shell (see
1644                # perlfunc.pod), and ensure that the LIST has multiple elements
1645                # since the indirect object plus COMMANDSTRING form seems to
1646                # hang (see perl #121283). Don't do this on VMS, which doesn't
1647                # support the LIST form at all.
1648                if ($is_mswin) {
1649                    my $runperl = which_perl();
1650                    if ($runperl =~ m/\s/) {
1651                        $runperl = qq{"$runperl"};
1652                    }
1653                    $watchdog = system({ $runperl } 1, $runperl, '-e', $prog);
1654                }
1655                else {
1656                    my $cmd = _create_runperl(prog => $prog);
1657                    $watchdog = system(1, $cmd);
1658                }
1659            };
1660            if ($@ || ($watchdog <= 0)) {
1661                _diag('Failed to start watchdog');
1662                _diag($@) if $@;
1663                undef($watchdog);
1664                return;
1665            }
1666
1667            # Add END block to parent to terminate and
1668            #   clean up watchdog process
1669            eval("END { local \$! = 0; local \$? = 0;
1670                        wait() if kill('KILL', $watchdog); };");
1671            return;
1672        }
1673
1674        # Try using fork() to generate a watchdog process
1675        my $watchdog;
1676        eval { $watchdog = fork() };
1677        if (defined($watchdog)) {
1678            if ($watchdog) {   # Parent process
1679                # Add END block to parent to terminate and
1680                #   clean up watchdog process
1681                eval "END { local \$! = 0; local \$? = 0;
1682                            wait() if kill('KILL', $watchdog); };";
1683                return;
1684            }
1685
1686            ### Watchdog process code
1687
1688            # Load POSIX if available
1689            eval { require POSIX; };
1690
1691            # Execute the timeout
1692            sleep($timeout - 2) if ($timeout > 2);   # Workaround for perlbug #49073
1693            sleep(2);
1694
1695            # Kill test process if still running
1696            if (kill(0, $pid_to_kill)) {
1697                _diag($timeout_msg);
1698                kill('KILL', $pid_to_kill);
1699		if ($is_cygwin) {
1700		    # sometimes the above isn't enough on cygwin
1701		    sleep 1; # wait a little, it might have worked after all
1702		    system("/bin/kill -f $pid_to_kill");
1703		}
1704            }
1705
1706            # Don't execute END block (added at beginning of this file)
1707            $NO_ENDING = 1;
1708
1709            # Terminate ourself (i.e., the watchdog)
1710            POSIX::_exit(1) if (defined(&POSIX::_exit));
1711            exit(1);
1712        }
1713
1714        # fork() failed - fall through and try using a thread
1715    }
1716
1717    # Use a watchdog thread because either 'threads' is loaded,
1718    #   or fork() failed
1719    if (eval {require threads; 1}) {
1720        'threads'->create(sub {
1721                # Load POSIX if available
1722                eval { require POSIX; };
1723
1724                # Execute the timeout
1725                my $time_left = $timeout;
1726                do {
1727                    $time_left = $time_left - sleep($time_left);
1728                } while ($time_left > 0);
1729
1730                # Kill the parent (and ourself)
1731                select(STDERR); $| = 1;
1732                _diag($timeout_msg);
1733                POSIX::_exit(1) if (defined(&POSIX::_exit));
1734                my $sig = $is_vms ? 'TERM' : 'KILL';
1735                kill($sig, $pid_to_kill);
1736            })->detach();
1737        return;
1738    }
1739
1740    # If everything above fails, then just use an alarm timeout
1741WATCHDOG_VIA_ALARM:
1742    if (eval { alarm($timeout); 1; }) {
1743        # Load POSIX if available
1744        eval { require POSIX; };
1745
1746        # Alarm handler will do the actual 'killing'
1747        $SIG{'ALRM'} = sub {
1748            select(STDERR); $| = 1;
1749            _diag($timeout_msg);
1750            POSIX::_exit(1) if (defined(&POSIX::_exit));
1751            my $sig = $is_vms ? 'TERM' : 'KILL';
1752            kill($sig, $pid_to_kill);
1753        };
1754    }
1755}
1756
1757# Orphaned Docker or Linux containers do not necessarily attach to PID 1. They might attach to 0 instead.
1758sub is_linux_container {
1759
1760    if ($^O eq 'linux' && open my $fh, '<', '/proc/1/cgroup') {
1761        while(<$fh>) {
1762            if (m{^\d+:pids:(.*)} && $1 ne '/init.scope') {
1763                return 1;
1764            }
1765        }
1766    }
1767
1768    return 0;
1769}
1770
17711;
1772