1.\" $OpenBSD: bwi.4,v 1.44 2020/07/02 13:59:32 mglocker Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Marcus Glocker <mglocker@openbsd.org> 4.\" 5.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 6.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8.\" 9.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 12.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 14.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 15.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16.\" 17.Dd $Mdocdate: July 2 2020 $ 18.Dt BWI 4 19.Os 20.Sh NAME 21.Nm bwi 22.Nd Broadcom AirForce IEEE 802.11b/g wireless network device 23.Sh SYNOPSIS 24.Cd "bwi* at cardbus?" 25.Cd "bwi* at pci?" 26.Sh DESCRIPTION 27The 28.Nm 29driver provides support for Broadcom AirForce based 30PCI/Cardbus network adapters. 31.Pp 32These are the modes the 33.Nm 34driver can operate in: 35.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 36.It BSS mode 37Also known as 38.Em infrastructure 39mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 40which all traffic passes. 41This mode is the default. 42.It monitor mode 43In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 44associating with an access point. 45This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 46capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 47or to scan for access points. 48.El 49.Pp 50The 51.Nm 52driver can be configured to use 53Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 54Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA1 and WPA2). 55WPA2 is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. 56It is strongly recommended that neither WEP nor WPA1 57are used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication, 58due to serious weaknesses. 59WPA1 is disabled by default and may be enabled using the option 60.Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . 61For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), 62keys are configured using the 63.Qq Cm wpakey 64option. 65WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. 66The 67.Nm 68driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for both encryption and decryption 69of data frames. 70.Pp 71The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the 72driver depending on the received signal strength and on the number of hardware 73transmission retries. 74.Pp 75The 76.Nm 77driver can be configured at runtime with 78.Xr ifconfig 8 79or on boot with 80.Xr hostname.if 5 . 81.Sh FILES 82The driver needs a firmware file which is loaded when an interface is 83brought up: 84.Pp 85.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 86.It Pa /etc/firmware/bwi-airforce 87.El 88.\".Pp 89.\"These firmware files are not free because Broadcom refuses 90.\"to grant distribution rights. 91.\"As a result, even though 92.\".Ox 93.\"includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 94.\"users have to download these files on their own. 95.Pp 96A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using 97.Xr fw_update 1 . 98.Sh HARDWARE 99The following cards are among those supported by the 100.Nm 101driver: 102.Bl -column "TRENDnet TEW-401PCplus" "BCM4306" "CardBus" "Standard" -offset 6n 103.It Em Card Ta Em Chip Ta Em Bus Ta Em Standard 104.It "Apple Airport Extreme" Ta BCM4306 Ta PCI Ta b/g 105.It "Apple Airport Extreme" Ta BCM4318 Ta PCI Ta b/g 106.It "ASUS WL-138g" Ta BCM4318 Ta PCI Ta b/g 107.It "Buffalo WLI-CB-G54" Ta BCM4306 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 108.It "Compaq R4035 onboard" Ta BCM4306 Ta PCI Ta b/g 109.It "HP nx6125" Ta BCM4319 Ta PCI Ta b/g 110.It "Linksys WPC54G Ver 3" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 111.It "Linksys WPC54GS Ver 2" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 112.It "TRENDnet TEW-401PCplus" Ta BCM4306 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 113.It "US Robotics 5411" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 114.El 115.Sh EXAMPLES 116The following example scans for available networks: 117.Pp 118.Dl # ifconfig bwi0 scan 119.Pp 120The following 121.Xr hostname.if 5 122example configures bwi0 to join network 123.Dq mynwid , 124using WPA key 125.Dq mywpakey , 126obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 127.Bd -literal -offset indent 128nwid mynwid wpakey mywpakey 129dhcp 130.Ed 131.Sh SEE ALSO 132.Xr arp 4 , 133.Xr cardbus 4 , 134.Xr ifmedia 4 , 135.Xr intro 4 , 136.Xr netintro 4 , 137.Xr pci 4 , 138.Xr hostname.if 5 , 139.\".Xr hostapd 8 , 140.Xr ifconfig 8 141.Sh HISTORY 142The 143.Nm 144driver first appeared in 145.Ox 4.3 . 146.Sh AUTHORS 147.An -nosplit 148The 149.Nm 150driver was written for 151.Dx 152by 153.An Sepherosa Ziehau 154and ported to 155.Ox 156by 157.An Jonathan Gray 158and 159.An Marcus Glocker . 160.Sh CAVEATS 161Some chips are incorrectly calibrated due to the lack of documentation, 162which can slow the amount of traffic to the point of being unusable. 163Furthermore this driver only supports firmware version 3. 164.Pp 165The BCM4331 chip isn't supported by this driver but the driver disables 166the chip if detected, since some buggy EFI revisions found in 2011-2012 167Macs leave the chip enabled, causing it to emit spurious interrupts when 168the shared interrupt line is enabled. 169.Pp 170This driver does not support powersave mode. 171