1.\" $OpenBSD: ipw.4,v 1.31 2009/09/02 07:00:24 jmc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2004 4.\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following 11.\" disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.Dd $Mdocdate: September 2 2009 $ 29.Os 30.Dt IPW 4 31.Sh NAME 32.Nm ipw 33.Nd Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 IEEE 802.11b wireless network device 34.Sh SYNOPSIS 35.Cd "ipw* at pci?" 36.Sh DESCRIPTION 37The 38.Nm 39driver provides support for the 40.Tn Intel 41PRO/Wireless 2100 Mini PCI network 42adapter. 43.Pp 44These are the modes the 45.Nm 46driver can operate in: 47.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 48.It BSS mode 49Also known as 50.Em infrastructure 51mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 52which all traffic passes. 53This mode is the default. 54.It IBSS mode 55Also known as 56.Em IEEE ad-hoc 57mode or 58.Em peer-to-peer 59mode. 60This is the standardized method of operating without an access point. 61Stations associate with a service set. 62However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer. 63.It monitor mode 64In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 65associating with an access point. 66This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 67capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 68or to scan for access points. 69.El 70.Pp 71The 72.Nm 73driver can be configured to use 74Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 75Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 76WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. 77It is strongly recommended that WEP 78not be used as the sole mechanism 79to secure wireless communication, 80due to serious weaknesses in it. 81The 82.Nm 83driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for both encryption and decryption 84of data frames. 85.Pp 86The 87.Nm 88driver can be configured at runtime with 89.Xr ifconfig 8 90or on boot with 91.Xr hostname.if 5 . 92.Sh FILES 93The driver needs at least version 1.3 of the following firmware files, 94which are loaded when an interface is brought up: 95.Pp 96.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 97.It Pa /etc/firmware/ipw-bss 98.It Pa /etc/firmware/ipw-ibss 99.It Pa /etc/firmware/ipw-monitor 100.El 101.Pp 102These firmware files are not free because Intel refuses to grant 103distribution rights without contractual obligations. 104As a result, even though 105.Ox 106includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 107users have to find these files on their own. 108The official person to state your views to about this issue is 109majid.awad@intel.com. 110.Pp 111A prepackaged version of the firmware, designed to be used with 112.Xr pkg_add 1 , 113can be found at: 114.Pp 115.Pa http://damien.bergamini.free.fr/packages/openbsd/ipw-firmware-1.3p0.tgz 116.Sh EXAMPLES 117The following 118.Xr hostname.if 5 119example configures ipw0 to join whatever network is available on boot, 120using WEP key 121.Dq 0x1deadbeef1 , 122channel 11, obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 123.Bd -literal -offset indent 124dhcp NONE NONE NONE nwkey 0x1deadbeef1 chan 11 125.Ed 126.Pp 127Configure ipw0 to join network 128.Dq my_net 129using WPA-PSK with passphrase 130.Dq my_passphrase : 131.Bd -literal -offset indent 132# ifconfig ipw0 nwid my_net wpa wpapsk \e 133 `wpa-psk my_net my_passphrase` 134.Ed 135.Pp 136Return ipw0 to its default settings: 137.Bd -literal -offset indent 138# ifconfig ipw0 -bssid -chan media autoselect \e 139 nwid "" -nwkey -wpa -wpapsk 140.Ed 141.Pp 142Join an existing BSS network, 143.Dq my_net : 144.Bd -literal -offset indent 145# ifconfig ipw0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net 146.Ed 147.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 148.Bl -diag 149.It "ipw%d: device timeout" 150The driver will reset the hardware. 151This should not happen. 152.It "ipw%d: error %d, could not read firmware %s" 153For some reason, the driver was unable to read the firmware image from the 154filesystem. 155The file might be missing or corrupted. 156.El 157.Sh SEE ALSO 158.Xr arp 4 , 159.Xr ifmedia 4 , 160.Xr intro 4 , 161.Xr netintro 4 , 162.Xr pci 4 , 163.Xr hostname.if 5 , 164.Xr ifconfig 8 165.Sh AUTHORS 166The 167.Nm 168driver was written by 169.An Damien Bergamini Aq damien@openbsd.org . 170