1.\" $OpenBSD: intro.8,v 1.29 2019/05/26 00:52:22 naddy Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: intro.8,v 1.3 1994/11/30 19:36:24 jtc Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 5.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 32.\" 33.Dd $Mdocdate: May 26 2019 $ 34.Dt INTRO 8 35.Os 36.Sh NAME 37.Nm intro 38.Nd introduction to system maintenance and operation commands 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The manual pages in section 8 contain information related to 41system operation and maintenance. 42They describe commands concerning file systems, 43such as 44.Xr edquota 8 , 45.Xr fsck 8 , 46.Xr mount 8 , 47and 48.Xr newfs 8 . 49They also cover commands concerning system backup/recovery, such as 50.Xr dump 8 51and 52.Xr restore 8 . 53.Pp 54There are pages which document the running of the system, such as 55.Xr afterboot 8 , 56.Xr ifconfig 8 , 57.Xr security 8 , 58and the configuration files located in 59.Pa /etc . 60Procedures concerning system failure are documented in 61.Xr crash 8 . 62.Pp 63Section 8 pages also describe network services and daemons. 64The rest of this page discusses some of the main daemons 65available on the 66.Ox 67system, 68and how to enable/disable them. 69.Pp 70System daemons are controlled by the script 71.Xr rc 8 , 72which is in turn configured by 73.Xr rc.conf 8 . 74For example the HTTP daemon 75.Xr httpd 8 76is controlled by the following line from 77.Xr rc.conf 8 : 78.Bd -literal -offset indent 79httpd_flags=NO 80.Ed 81.Pp 82Thus it is not started by default. 83To enable or disable daemon processes, 84administrators should edit the file 85.Xr rc.conf.local 8 86or use the 87.Xr rcctl 8 88utility. 89The 90.Xr rc.conf.local 8 91file overrides variable assignments in 92.Xr rc.conf 8 . 93So to enable 94.Xr httpd 8 , 95the following line might be added to 96.Pa /etc/rc.conf.local : 97.Bd -literal -offset indent 98httpd_flags="-v" 99.Ed 100.Pp 101As can be seen above, 102this method is also used to specify additional options. 103.Pp 104Below is a list of some of the daemons available. 105For further information, see 106.Xr rc 8 107and the individual pages for the utilities. 108.Ss Automounter daemon (amd) 109If using the 110.Xr amd 8 111daemon, 112go into the 113.Pa /etc/amd 114directory and set it up by 115renaming 116.Pa master.sample 117to 118.Pa master 119and editing it and creating other maps as needed. 120Alternatively, you can get your maps with YP. 121.Pp 122Relevant 123.Xr rc.conf 8 124variables: 125.Va amd_flags 126and 127.Va amd_master . 128.Ss DNS server 129If you are using a name server, check the 130.Pa /etc/resolv.conf 131file. 132It may look something like: 133.Bd -literal -offset indent 134domain nts.umn.edu 135nameserver 128.101.101.101 136nameserver 134.84.84.84 137search nts.umn.edu. umn.edu. 138lookup file bind 139.Ed 140.Pp 141If using a caching name server, add the line "nameserver 127.0.0.1" first. 142.Pp 143Relevant 144.Xr rc.conf 8 145variables: 146.Va nsd_flags 147and 148.Va unbound_flags . 149.Ss Clock synchronisation 150In order to make sure the system clock is correct, 151it may be synchronised with a number of external sources. 152The utilities available are: 153.Xr ntpd 8 154and 155.Xr rdate 8 . 156.Pp 157Relevant 158.Xr rc.conf 8 159variables: 160.Va ntpd_flags . 161.Ss BOOTP/DHCP server 162If this is a 163BOOTP or DHCP 164server, edit 165.Pa /etc/dhcpd.conf 166as needed. 167See also 168.Xr diskless 8 . 169.Pp 170Relevant 171.Xr rc.conf 8 172variables: 173.Va bootparamd_flags , 174.Va dhcpd_flags , 175and 176.Va dhcrelay_flags . 177.Ss HP remote boot server 178Edit 179.Pa /etc/rbootd.conf 180if needed for remote booting. 181If you do not have HP computers doing remote booting, do not enable this. 182See also 183.Xr diskless 8 . 184.Pp 185Relevant 186.Xr rc.conf 8 187variables: 188.Va rbootd_flags . 189.Ss httpd web server (HTTP) 190On 191.Ox 192it will 193.Xr chroot 2 194to 195.Pa /var/www . 196Detailed information is available in 197.Xr httpd 8 198and 199.Xr httpd.conf 5 . 200.Pp 201Relevant 202.Xr rc.conf 8 203variables: 204.Va httpd_flags . 205.Ss NFS server 206If this is an NFS server, 207edit 208.Pa /etc/exports . 209.Pp 210Relevant 211.Xr rc.conf 8 212variables: 213.Va mountd_flags 214and 215.Va nfsd_flags . 216.Ss Relay Daemon 217A relay daemon, 218.Xr relayd 8 , 219able to run as a 220load-balancer, application layer gateway, or transparent proxy. 221.Pp 222Relevant 223.Xr rc.conf 8 224variables: 225.Va relayd_flags . 226.Ss Routing Daemons 227Various daemons for managing routing tables are available: 228.Xr bgpd 8 , 229.Xr eigrpd 8 , 230.Xr ospfd 8 , 231and 232.Xr ripd 8 . 233.Pp 234Relevant 235.Xr rc.conf 8 236variables: 237.Va bgpd_flags , 238.Va eigrpd_flags , 239.Va ospfd_flags , 240and 241.Va ripd_flags . 242.Ss RPC-based network services 243Several services depend on the RPC portmapper, 244.Xr portmap 8 , 245being running for proper operation. 246This includes YP and NFS exports, among other services. 247.Pp 248Relevant 249.Xr rc.conf 8 250variables: 251.Va portmap_flags . 252.Ss YP setup 253Check the YP domain name with the 254.Xr domainname 1 255command. 256If necessary, correct it by editing the 257.Pa /etc/defaultdomain 258file (see 259.Xr defaultdomain 5 ) . 260The 261.Pa /etc/netstart 262script reads this file on boot to determine and set the domain name. 263You may also set the running system's domain name with the 264.Xr domainname 1 265command. 266.Pp 267Relevant 268.Xr rc.conf 8 269variables: 270.Va ypbind_flags . 271.Pp 272After starting YP client services, perform the remaining YP activation 273as described in 274.Xr passwd 5 275and 276.Xr group 5 . 277.Pp 278In particular, to enable YP passwd support, you'll need to add the following 279line to 280.Pa /etc/master.passwd : 281.Pp 282.Dl +:*:::::::: 283.Pp 284You do this by using 285.Xr vipw 8 . 286.Pp 287There are many more YP man pages available to help you. 288You can find more information by starting with 289.Xr yp 8 . 290.Sh SEE ALSO 291.Xr afterboot 8 , 292.Xr rc 8 , 293.Xr rc.conf 8 , 294.Xr rcctl 8 295.Sh HISTORY 296An 297.Nm intro 298manual for section 8 appeared in 299.Bx 4.2 . 300