1/* 2 * History 3 * 4 * $OpenBSD: calendar.history,v 1.71 2007/08/09 21:33:05 jmc Exp $ 5 */ 6 7#ifndef _calendar_history_ 8#define _calendar_history_ 9 1001/01 Anniversary of the Triumph of the Revolution in Cuba 1101/01 Castro expels Cuban President Batista, 1959 1201/01 Churchill delivers his "Iron Curtain" speech, 1947 1301/02 Canada and the United States agree on a plan to preserve 14 Niagara Falls, 1929 1501/03 Benito Mussolini announces he is taking dictatorial powers 16 over Italy, 1925 1701/03 Margaret Thatcher becomes the longest-serving British 18 Prime Minister in the 20th Century, 1988 1901/04 Burma becomes independent from United Kingdom, 1948 2001/05 Twelfth night 2101/06 Maria Montessori opens her first school in Rome, 1907 2201/07 First transatlantic telephone call, 1927 2301/08 Monaco gains its independence, 1297 2401/09 Plough Monday 2501/10 First meeting of United Nations General Assembly in London, 1946 2601/10 Thomas Paine's Common Sense published, 1776 2701/11 Anniversary of the Peoples Republic of Albania 2801/11 De Hostos' Birthday in Puerto Rico 2901/11 Prithvi Jayanti in Nepal 3001/12 Batman the TV series debuts on ABC, 1966 3101/13 Mickey Mouse comic strip makes its first appearance, 1930 3201/14 Julian Calendar New Year's Day 3301/15 Angola becomes an independent state, 1975 3401/16 The Medici family are made official bankers of the Papacy, 1412 3501/17 Captain James Cook becomes the first explorer to cross the 36 Antarctic Circle, 1773 3701/18 The X-ray machine is exhibited for the first time, 1896 3801/19 The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW's plant, 1978 3901/20 St. Agnes Eve (Ah, bitter chill it was...) 4001/21 First commercial flight with a Concorde, 1976 4101/22 British colonists reach New Zealand, 1840 4201/23 The Royal Exchange opens in London, 1571 4301/23 The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in 44 the Netherlands, 1579 4501/24 Robert Baden-Powell begins the Boy Scout movement, 1908 4601/25 The British Parliament passes the Constitutional Act of 1791 and splits 47 the old province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada, 1791 4801/26 Sydney Aust. settled, 1788 4901/27 Vietnam War cease-fire signed, 1973 5001/28 The first locomotive runs from the Atlantic to the Pacific on the 51 Panama Railway, 1855 5201/29 Liliuokalani is proclaimed Queen of Hawaii, the last monarch of 53 Hawaii, 1891 5401/30 Mohandas Gandhi assassinated in New Delhi by Hindu fanatic, 1948 5501/31 Irving Langmuir invented tungsten filament lamp, 1881 5601/31 Dmitry Mendeleev established optimal alcohol-water mixture ratio 57 in his PhD work on alcohol-water mixtures, 1865 5802/01 Forces led by Khomeini take over Iran, 1979 5902/02 Adolf Hitler dissolves the German Parliament, 1933 6002/03 The first commercial cheese factory is founded in Switzerland, 1815 6102/04 Cybernet inaugurated, 1969 6202/04 Patricia Hearst kidnaped by Symbionese Liberation Army, 1974 6302/05 Gamel Abdel Nasser is nominated to be the first president of 64 the United Arab Republic, 1958 6502/06 Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, founding document of New Zealand, 1840 6602/07 The British Labour Party is formed, 1900 6702/08 1963 Revolution Anniversary in Iraq 6802/09 Gregory XV becomes Pope, the last Pope elected by acclamation, 1621 6902/10 New Delhi becomes the capital of India, 1931 7002/11 Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of 71 the Kalmar Union, 1814 7202/12 China adopts the Gregorian calendar, 1912 7302/13 France tests its first atomic bomb in Algeria, 1960 7402/14 Bombing of Dresden, 1945 7502/15 Chicago Seven convicted, 1970 7602/16 Nylon patented, 1937 7702/17 The first ship passes through the Suez Canal, 1867 7802/18 Joseph Goebbels delivers the Sportpalast speech, 1943 7902/19 Serfdom is abolished in Russia, 1861 8002/20 FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested and charged with spying for Russia 81 for 15 years, 2001 8202/21 Battle of Verdun begins, 1916 1M casualties 8302/22 Start of the Czechoslovak Revolution, 1948 8402/23 Lt. Calley confesses, implicates Cpt. Medina, 1971 8502/24 Impeachment proceedings against Andrew Johnson begin, 1868 8602/25 The Democratic Republic of Georgia occupied by Bolshevist Russia, 1921 8702/26 Final radio broadcast of Dragnet, 1957 8802/27 The Lionheart crowned, 1189 8902/28 The "French Connection" drug bust occurs in Marseilles, 1972 9003/01 The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded, 1565 9103/02 Ho Chi Minh is elected the President of North Vietnam, 1946 9203/03 Bulgaria regains its independence from Ottoman Empire, 1878 9303/04 Emile Berliner invents the microphone, 1877 9403/05 Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver, 1836 9503/06 The aspirin is registered as a trademark of Bayer, 1899 9603/07 Mass protest outside the National Assembly of Kuwait building for 97 women's voting rights in Kuwait, 2005 9803/08 The first case of Spanish flu occurs, killing 50 million to 100 million 99 people worldwide, 1918 10003/09 The Barbie doll debuts, 1959 10103/10 Republic of Cote d'Ivoire becomes a colony of France, 1893 10203/11 Ceasefire declared in the war between Iran and Irak, 1988 10303/12 The first bottles of Coca Cola were sold, 1894 10403/13 "Striptease" introduced, Paris, 1894 10503/14 The kingdom of Cyprus is sold by the ruling Queen to Venice, 1489 10603/15 France assumes protectorate over Vietnam, 1874 10703/15 Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by 108 several senators, 44BC 10903/16 Largest coordinated worldwide vigil against the Iraq War, 2003 11003/17 Invention of the rubber band, 1845 11103/17 Ukrainian Nationalist Republic declared, 1917 11203/18 In the Pyramid of Cheops a 4.400 year old mummy is found, 1989 11303/19 Swallows return to Capistrano 11403/20 Radio Caroline, the original British pirate radio station, sinks, 1980 11503/21 Henry V becomes the king of England, 1413 11603/22 First motion picture displayed by Auguste and Louis Lumi�re, 1895 11703/22 World Day for Water 11803/23 The first Islamic replublic in the world is Pakistan, 1956 11903/24 Construction of New York subway system begins, 1900 12003/25 The first Bed-In for Peace by John Lennon and Yoko Ono, 1969 12103/26 The driving test is introduced, in the United Kingdom, 1934 12203/27 Khrushchev becomes Premier of Soviet Union, 1958 12303/28 Three Mile Island releases radioactive gas, 1979 12403/29 The Republic of Ireland bans smoking in all work places, 2004 12503/30 Pencil with eraser patented, 1858 12603/31 The Eiffel Tower is inaugurated, 1889 12704/01 People of superb intelligence, savoir-faire, etc. born this day. 12804/02 Haile Selassie is proclaimed emperor of Ethiopia, 1930 12904/03 First publication of the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport, 1896 13004/04 NATO established, 1949 13104/05 Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe in Virginia, 1614 13204/06 Joseph Smith founds Mormon Church, 1830 13304/07 Albert Hofmann synthesizes LSD in Switzerland, 1943 13404/07 Alewives run, Cape Cod 13504/08 The Venus de Milo is found on the island of Melos, 1820 13604/09 The first public exhibition of art opens in Paris, 1667 13704/10 The Belfast Agreement is signed, on Good Friday, 1998 13804/11 The Shogunate is abolished in Japan, 1868 13904/12 Great Britain adopts the Union Jack as their national flag, 1606 14004/13 Laotian New Year (3 days) in Laos 14104/14 Titanic hits iceberg and sinks, 1912 14204/15 Insulin first becomes generally available for use by diabetics, 1923 14304/16 Syria becomes an independent Republic, 1946 14404/17 Bay of Pigs invasion crushed by Castro forces, 1961 14504/18 The League of Nations is dissolved after 27 years, 1946 14604/19 Landing of the "33" in Uruguay 14704/19 Warsaw Ghetto uprising, 1943 14804/20 In Bulgaria, the April Uprising takes place, 1876 14904/21 Rome is founded by Romulus and Remus, 753BC 15004/22 Portuguese navigator Pedro Alvares Cabral becomes the first European to 151 sight Brazil, 1500 15204/22 The first Earth Day is celebrated, 1970 15304/23 Bavarian co-rulers Duke Wilhelm IV and Duke Ludwig X proclaimed the 154 weighty and consequential Bavarian Beer Purity Law 155 (later Reinheitsgebot), 1516 15604/24 The Greek enter Troy with the Trojan Horse, 1184BC 15704/25 Integrated circuit patented by Robert Noyce, 1961 15804/26 William Shakespeare baptized in Stratford-on-Avon, England, 1564, 159 birthdate less certain 16004/27 Magellan killed in Philippines, 1521 16104/28 President of France, Charles de Gaulle resigns, 1969 16204/29 Zipper patented by Gideon Sindback, 1913 16304/30 Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide, 1945 16405/01 Beltaine; Feast of the god Bel, sun god 16505/01 Adam Weishaupt founded the Illuminati of Bavaria, 1776 16605/02 The first modern sighting of the Loch Ness monster is reported, 1933 16705/03 Jamaica is spotted by Christopher Columbus, 1494 16805/04 Christopher Columbus sets foot on Jamaica, 1494 16905/05 Kublai Khan becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire, 1260 17005/06 Hindenburg explodes and burns upon landing at Lakehurst, NJ, 1937 17105/07 Germany surrenders after World War II, 1945 17205/08 Herbert Akroyd Stuart patented the first "diesel" engine, 1890 17305/09 The first parliament of Australia opens in Melbourne, 1901 17405/10 Germany invades Low Countries, 1940 17505/10 Nazi bookburning, 1933 17605/11 Thailand is no longer known as Siam, 1949 17705/12 Tunisia becomes a French protectorate, 1881 17805/13 Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after 179 having been accused of treason, 1619 18005/14 Beginning of Lewis and Clark Expedition, 1804 18105/14 Nation of Israel proclaimed, 1948 18205/15 The civil war in Finland ends, 1918 18305/16 Root beer invented by Charles Elmer Hires, 1866 18405/17 24" rain in 11 hours, Pearl River, S. China, 1982 18505/18 Battle of Las Piedras in Uruguay 18605/18 Napoleon crowned Emperor, 1804 18705/19 The Legion d'Honneur is founded by Napoleon Bonaparte, 1802 18805/20 The first modern atlas issued by Abraham Ortelius, 1570 18905/21 Battle of Iquique in Chile 19005/22 The transporting of British convicts to the New South Wales colony, 191 is abolished, 1840 19205/23 Israeli raid into Argentina to capture Adolf Eichmann, 1960 19305/24 Battle of Pinchincha in Ecuador 19405/25 Successful test of the limelight in Purfleet, England, 1830 19505/26 John Calvin and his followers are expelled from Geneva, 1538 19605/27 The pop-up toaster patented by Charles Strite, 1919 19705/28 Alan Turing submits On Computable Numbers for publication, 1936 19805/29 Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norkay climb Mt. Everest, 1953 19905/29 First food stamps issued, 1961 20005/30 Beginning of the civil war over Biafra, 1967 20105/31 Yom Kippur War comes to an end by the signing of a disengagement 202 agreement by Syria and Israel, 1974 20306/01 In a referendum the Dutch reject the European Constitution, 2005 20406/02 Denmark rejects the Maastricht Treaty in a close-call referendum, 1992 20506/03 Last Star Trek episode first aired ("Turnabout Intruder"), 1969 20606/03 Edward White becomes the first American to perform a "Space Walk", 1965 20706/04 Roquefort cheese developed, 1070 20806/05 Titus and his Roman legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem, 70 20906/06 First drive-in movie, 1933 21006/06 Normandy landing, 1944 21106/07 The first act of civil disobedience by Gandhi, 1893 21206/08 The Canadian Parliament meets for the first time in Ottawa, 1866 21306/09 The Roman Emperor Nero commits suicide, 68 21406/10 Death of Alexander the Great, 323 B.C. 21506/11 Greeks seize Troy, 1184BC 21606/12 Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison, 1964 21706/13 Much of Vancouver, British Columbia, is devastated by a fire, 1886 21806/14 Sandpaper invented by I. Fischer, Jr., 1834 21906/15 Magna Carta signed, 1215 22006/15 Series of photographs by Edward Muggeridge prove to Leland Stanford 221 that all the hooves of a horse are off the ground during the gallop, 222 1878 22306/16 Henry Ford launched the Ford Motor Company, 1903 22406/17 China explodes its first Hydrogen bomb, 1967 22506/18 Winston Churchill delivers his "Finest Hour" speech, 1940 22606/19 Lizzie Bordon acquitted, 1893 22706/19 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed in Sing-Sing prison, 1953 22806/20 Victoria crowned, 1837 22906/21 Berlin airlift begins, 1948 23006/21 Sun rises over Heelstone at Stonehenge 23106/22 The June Days Uprising in Paris begins, 1848 23206/23 Slavery abolished in England, 1772 23306/23 Harriet, Darwin's turtle died at the age of 176 years, 2006 23406/24 The capital of Jamaica, Kingston, is founded, 1664 23506/25 Custer's Last Stand at Little Big Horn, 1876 23606/25 North Korea invades South Korea, 1950 23706/26 Toothbrush invented, 1498 23806/26 St. Lawrence Seaway dedicated by Eisenhower & Queen Elizabeth II, 1959 23906/27 The world's first ATM is installed in Enfield, London, 1967 24006/28 Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria assassinated in Sarajevo, 241 marking the beginning of World War I, 1914 24206/28 World War I ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, 1919 24306/29 The Seychelles gains independence from the United Kingdom, 1976 24406/30 Albert Einstein published his theory of special relativity, 1905 24506/30 "That" explosion in Siberia at 7:17 local time, 1908 24606/30 China and Soviet Union announce split over ideology, 1960 24707/01 Warsaw Pact officially dissolved, 1991 24807/01 The first day on the Somme marked the beginning of the 249 Battle of the Somme, 1916 25007/01 Hong Kong becomes a special administrative region of the People's 251 Republic of China, 1997 25207/02 Vermont abolishes slavery, as the first state, 1777 25307/03 Dog days begin 25407/04 Thoreau enters woods, 1845 25507/05 Bikini demonstrated for the first time, 1946 25607/06 Lawrence of Arabia captures Aqaba, 1917 25707/07 First radio broadcast of "Dragnet", 1949 25807/08 A UFO is believed to have crashed near Roswell, New Mexico, 1947 25907/09 The African Union gets established, 2002 26007/10 Most of London gets burned down in a severe fire, 1212 26107/11 Mongolia gains independence from China, 1921 26207/12 Minimum wages established: 40 cents/hour, 1933 26307/13 Women first compete in Olympic games, 1908 26407/14 Storming of the Bastille by the citizens of Paris, 1789 26507/15 First item sold via Amazon.com, 1995 26607/16 End of the civil war in Rwanda, 1994 26707/17 Disneyland opens, 1955 26807/18 "Mein Kampf" is published, 1925 26907/19 France declares war on Prussia, marking the beginning of the 270 Franco-Prussian war, 1870 27107/20 Ford Motor Company ships their car, 1903 27207/21 Vietnam divided at 17th parallel, 1954 27307/22 Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly around the world, 1933 27407/23 Ice cream cone introduced, St. Louis MO, 1904 27507/24 Scopes Monkey Trial, 1925 27607/25 First test-tube baby born, 1978 27707/26 Potsdam Declaration signed, 1945 27807/27 The last Citroen 2CV made, 1990 27907/28 Potato introduced in Europe by Sir Thomas Harriot, 1586 28007/29 Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, 1836 28107/30 Elvis Presley performs for the first time in public, 1954 28207/31 First U.S. patent issued, 1790 28308/01 Lughnasa; Feast of the god Lugh, a 30 day Celtic feast centers on 284 this day 28508/02 Hitler becomes the Fuehrer of Germany, 1934 28608/03 Columbus sets sail for Cathay, 1492 28708/03 USS Nautilus crosses under north polar ice cap, 1958 28808/04 Axe murder of Andrew and Abbey Borden, 1892 28908/04 Bombing of N. Vietnam begins, 1964 29008/04 Britain declares war on Germany starting World War I, 1914 29108/05 Nelson Mandela is jailed, 1962 29208/06 Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, 1945 29308/06 Caricom in Barbados 29408/07 Jack the Ripper makes his first kill, 1888 29508/08 Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, 1945 29608/08 Montenegro declares war on Germany, 1914 29708/09 Persia defeats Spartan King Leonidas at Thermopylae, 480 BC 29808/10 Major terrorist plot to destroy aircraft disrupted by 299 Scotland Yard, 2006 30008/11 Dog days end 30108/11 France Ends War in Indochina, 1954 30208/12 Cleopatra commits suicide, 30BC 30308/13 Berlin wall erected, 1961 30408/13 Li'l Abner debut, 1934 30508/14 France introduces motor vehicle registration, 1893 30608/15 Gandhi's movement obtains independence for Pakistan and India, 1947 30708/16 Roller Coaster patented, 1898 30808/17 Indonesian Declaration of Independence, 1945 30908/18 Power blackout on Java, Indonesia, affects almost 310 100 million people, 2005 31108/19 Gail Borden patents condensed milk, 1856 31208/20 First commercial radio station airs in Detroit, Michigan, 1920 31308/21 Louvre employee steals the "Mona Lisa", 1911 31408/22 Death of King Richard III, 1485, Last of the Plantagenets 31508/22 Joe Walker sets X-15 all time altitude mark (67 miles), 1963 31608/22 St. Columbia reports seeing monster in Loch Ness, 565 31708/23 Sacco and Vanzetti executed, 1927 31808/24 -126.9 F at Vostok, Antarctica, 1960 31908/25 General de Gaulle leads French forces into Paris, 1944 32008/26 Women get the vote, 1920 32108/27 "Tarzan of the Apes" published, 1912 32208/27 Krakatoa, Java explodes with a force of 1,300 megatons, 1883 32308/28 Henry Hudson discovers Delaware Bay, 1609 32408/29 Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction, 1831 32508/30 75 cents a pound tariff set on opium, 1842 32608/30 Japan Stationery Co. sells first felt-tipped pen, 1960 32708/30 St. Rose of Lima in Peru 32808/30 Washington-to-Moscow hot line connected, 1963 32908/31 269 people killed after Korean Airlines 747 shot down by USSR, 1983 33008/31 Mary Anne Nichols becomes Jack the Ripper's first victim, 1888 33108/31 Non-aggression pact signed by USSR and Afghanistan, 1926 33208/31 Independent union "Solidarnosc" born, Gdansk, 1980 33309/01 Bobby Fischer defeats Boris Spassky in World Chess Match, 1972 33409/02 Great Britain adopts Gregorian Calendar, 1752 33509/02 Japan signs unconditional surrender on US battleship `Missouri', 1945 33609/03 Anniversary of the Founding of the Republic in San Marino 33709/04 Napoleon III is deposed and the Third Republic is declared, 1870 33809/05 St. Gotthard Tunnel opens in Switzerland, 1980 33909/06 149 Pilgrims set forth from England aboard the Mayflower, 1620 34009/06 Somhlolo in Swaziland 34109/07 Brazil declares its independence from Portugal, 1822 34209/08 Jack the Ripper kills again, Annie Chapman is second victim, 1888 34309/09 John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph, 1839 34409/10 Mountain Meadows Massacre. Mormons kill Gentile wagon train, 1857 34509/11 World Wide Fund (WWF) founded, 1961 34609/12 German paratroopers rescue Mussolini from captivity in Rome, 1943 34709/12 Germany annexes Sudetenland, 1938 34809/13 136.4 F at el Azizia, Libya, 1922 34909/13 British defeat the French at Plains of Abraham near Quebec City, 1788 35009/13 Building of Hadrian's Wall begun, 122 35109/13 Chiang Kai-Shek becomes president of China, 1943 35209/14 The Selective Service Act establishes the first peacetime draft, 1940 35309/15 The Nazi's adopt a new national flag with the swastika, 1935 35409/16 General Motors is founded, 1908 35509/17 Joshua A. Norton proclaims himself 'Emperor Norton I', 1859 35609/17 Battle of Antietam, 1862 35709/18 Victory of Uprona in Burundi 35809/19 Walt Disney releases Steamboat Willie, 1928 35909/20 Magellan leaves Spain on the first Round the World passage, 1519 36009/21 J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit is published, 1937 36109/22 Allied forces form the independent nation West Germany, 1953 36209/22 The first Soviet atomic bomb explodes, 1949 36309/23 Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos declares martial law, 1972 36409/24 The Netherlands surrenders New Amsterdam to England, 1664 36509/25 Battle of Stamford Bridge marks the end of the Viking era, 1066 36609/26 Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic, 1973 36709/27 The first passenger was hauled in a locomotive in England, 1825 36809/28 "Pilgrim's Progress" published, 1678 36909/28 A Greek soldier runs 26+ miles after the Persian defeat at Marathon, 370 490BC 37109/30 Red Jack kills 2, Elizabeth Stride (#3) and Catherine Eddowes (#4), 372 1888 37309/30 The first tooth is extracted under anesthesia in Charleston, Mass, 1846 37409/30 The verdicts of the Nuremberg trials are announced, 1946 37510/01 Austria issues the world's first postcards, 1869 37610/02 Jacques Cartier discovers Montreal, Quebec, 1535 37710/03 O. J. Simpson is found not guilty of murder, 1995 37810/04 Crimean war begins, 1853 37910/05 Portugal declares itself a republic, 1910 38010/06 Antioch College is the first public school to admit men and women, 1853 38110/06 Egyptian President Anwar Sadat is assassinated in Cairo, 1981 38210/06 Israel is attacked by the alliance of Egypt and Syria, 1973 38310/07 Foundation of the GDR in 1949 in German Democratic Republic 38410/07 Mother Teresa of Calcutta awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, 1979 38510/07 Police stop Wilbur Mills car, Fanne Fox jumps into water, 1974 38610/08 San Marino adopts its written constitution, 1600 38710/09 First two-way telephone conversation, 1876 38810/10 Beginning of the Wars for Independence in Cuba 38910/10 Foundation of the Workers Party in North Korea 39010/11 The Gang of Four are arrested in Peking, 1976 39110/11 The second Vatican Ecumenical Council opens in Rome, 1962 39210/12 Bahama Natives discover Columbus of Europe lost on their shores, 1492 39310/12 Bavarian Crown Prince Ludwig married Princess Therese of 394 Saxony-Hildburghausen, Oktoberfest, 1810 39510/12 Khrushchev pounds his desk with shoe during a speech to the UN, 1960 39610/12 Man O'War's last race, 1920 39710/13 Italy declares war on Germany, 1943 39810/14 Battle of Hastings won by William the Conqueror and the Normans, 1066 39910/15 Edison Electric Light Company begins operation, 1878 40010/16 The Walt Disney Company is founded by Walt Disney 401 and his brother, Roy Disney, 1923 40210/17 Al Capone convicted of income tax evasion, 1931 40310/18 The Grand Ole Opry opens its doors, 1925 40410/19 Mao Tse-tung establishes the People's Republic of China, 1949 40510/19 Napoleon's beaten army begins the long retreat from Moscow, 1812 40610/20 "Saturday Night Massacre", 1973 40710/20 OPEC embargo, 1973 40810/21 Edison makes the first practical incandescent lamp, 1879 40910/21 Guggenheim Museum opens, 1959 41010/22 Laos gains independence from France, 1953 41110/23 Battle of Leyte Gulf begins, 1944 41210/23 Swallows leave Capistrano 41310/23 South African troops invade Angola in support of UNITA and FNLA, 1975 41410/24 Founding of the United Nations, 1945 41510/25 The UN removes Taiwan and admits the People's Republic of China, 1971 41610/26 UN's World Health Organization declares smallpox eradicated, 1978 41710/27 Stock markets around the world crash because of fears of 418 a global economic meltdown, 1997 41910/28 Columbus discovers Cuba, 1492 42010/28 Constantine's army defeats forces of Maxentius at Mulvian Bridge, 312 42110/29 Leibniz makes the first use of the "long s" for integral, 1675 42210/30 Communist Party of Australia founded in Sydney, 1920 42310/31 Luther nails 95 Theses to door of Castle Church, Wittenberg, 1517 42411/01 Austria-Hungary become two separate nations, 1918 42511/01 Puerto Rican nationalists try to kill Truman at the Blair House, 1950 42611/02 Luftwaffe completes 57 consecutive nights of bombing of London, 1940 42711/02 Two Frenchmen make the first free hot air balloon flight, 1783 42811/03 Linus Pauling wins Nobel Chemistry Prize, 1954 42911/04 Soviet forces crush the anti-communist revolt in Hungary, 1956 43011/05 Guy Fawkes' Plot, 1605 43111/06 Anniversary of the October Socialist Revolution (2 days) in U.S.S.R. 43211/07 Abolitionist newspaperman Elijah P. Lovejoy murdered by mob, 1837 43311/07 Lewis and Clark Expedition in sight of the Pacific Ocean, 1805 43411/08 Invasion of Sweden by Danish forces results in the 435 Stockholm Bloodbath, 1520 43611/09 Giant panda discovered (?!), China, 1927 43711/09 Jack the Ripper kills fifth and final victim, Jane Kelly, 1888 43811/10 Henry Stanley asks David Livingston, "Dr. Livingston, I presume?", 1871 43911/11 First broadcast of Sesame Street, 1970 44011/12 Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Birthday in Taiwan 44111/13 St. Brice's Day massacre by order of Ethelred, king of England, 1002 44211/14 Czechoslovakie becomes a republic, 1918 44311/15 First assembly of the League of Nations is held in Geneva, 1920 44411/16 Opening of the Suez Canal, 1869 44511/17 Elizabeth I of England succeeds Queen Mary I of England, 1558 44611/18 First hydrogen bomb blasts Enewetok, 1952 44711/19 Samuel Goldwyn and Edgar Selwyn establish Goldwyn Company, 1916 44811/20 Nuremberg Trials against 24 Nazi war criminals begin, 1945 44911/21 Birmingham Pub Bombings by the IRA kill 21 people, 1974 45011/22 John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, Texas, 1963 45111/23 The first edition of Life is published. 1936 45211/24 Alleged assassin Lee Harvey Oswald is killed by 453 Jack Ruby in Dallas, Texas, 1963 45411/25 Alfred Nobel invents dynamite, 1867 45511/26 Last flight ever with a Concorde made over Bristol, UK, 2003 45611/27 Alfred Nobel establishes Nobel Prize, 1895 45711/27 Friction match invented by englishman John Walker, Sweden, 1826 45811/28 Albania declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire, 1912 45911/29 King Tut's tomb opened, 1922 46012/01 Ford Motor Company introduces the first moving assembly line, 1913 46112/02 Napoleon III becomes Emperor of the French, 1852 46212/03 First neon light display, Paris, 1910 46312/03 First successful human heart transplant led by Dr. Barnard, 1967 46412/03 The Montreux Casino burns down during a Frank Zappa concert, 1971 46512/04 People's Republic of China adopts its current constitution, 1982 46612/05 Phi Beta Kappa founded, 1776 46712/06 London becomes the world's first city with motorised cabs, 1897 46812/07 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, 1941 46912/08 Romanian Constitution is adopted in a referendum, 1991 47012/09 Ball-bearing roller skates patented, 1884 47112/10 Metric system established in France, 1799 47212/10 Nobel Peace Prize awarded each year 47312/11 The British Parliament enacts the Statute of Westminster, 1931 47412/12 First wireless message sent across Atlantic by Marconi, 1901 47512/13 Dartmouth College chartered, 1769 47612/14 Portugal joins the United Nations, 1955 47712/15 Argo Merchant oil spill, 1976 47812/15 James Naismith invents basketball, Canada, 1891 47912/16 Pokemon episode (Electric Soldier Porygon) triggers attacks of 480 photosensitive epilepsy in hundreds of Japanese children, 1997 48112/17 Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol is first published, 1843 48212/18 Indonesia invades Netherlands New Guinea, 1961 48312/19 Hitler becomes Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the 484 German Army, 1941 48512/20 Cheka founded, 1917 48612/21 Charles de Gaulle is elected President of France, 1958 48712/22 First freight train is operated in Roorkee in India, 1851 48812/23 The transistor is first demonstrated at Bell Laboratories, 1947 48912/24 Hong Kong falls to the Japanese Imperial Army, 1941 49012/25 Christian holiday Christmas Day celebrated 49112/25 Christmas Island founded and named by Captain William Mynors, 1643 49212/26 DPMA founded, 1951 49312/27 Ether first used as anesthetic in childbirth, 1845 49412/28 Spain recognizes independence of Mexico, 1836 49512/29 Battle of Wounded knee, 1890 49612/29 Edison receives patent for Radio, 1891 49712/30 Soviet Ukrainian Republic declared, 1917 49812/30 Israel and the Vatican establish diplomatic relations, 1993 49912/31 St. Sylvester in Switzerland 50012/31 Windows tax in England, 1695 50112/31 First supersonic commercial flight by Tu-144, 1968 502 503#endif /* !_calendar_history_ */ 504