xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/ssh/auth-rhosts.c (revision 9e6efb0a)
1 /* $OpenBSD: auth-rhosts.c,v 1.58 2024/05/17 00:30:23 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Rhosts authentication.  This file contains code to check whether to admit
7  * the login based on rhosts authentication.  This file also processes
8  * /etc/hosts.equiv.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  */
16 
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/stat.h>
19 
20 #include <errno.h>
21 #include <fcntl.h>
22 #include <netgroup.h>
23 #include <pwd.h>
24 #include <stdio.h>
25 #include <string.h>
26 #include <stdarg.h>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 #include <unistd.h>
29 
30 #include "packet.h"
31 #include "uidswap.h"
32 #include "pathnames.h"
33 #include "log.h"
34 #include "misc.h"
35 #include "xmalloc.h"
36 #include "sshbuf.h"
37 #include "sshkey.h"
38 #include "servconf.h"
39 #include "canohost.h"
40 #include "hostfile.h"
41 #include "auth.h"
42 
43 /* import */
44 extern ServerOptions options;
45 
46 /*
47  * This function processes an rhosts-style file (.rhosts, .shosts, or
48  * /etc/hosts.equiv).  This returns true if authentication can be granted
49  * based on the file, and returns zero otherwise.
50  */
51 
52 static int
53 check_rhosts_file(const char *filename, const char *hostname,
54 		  const char *ipaddr, const char *client_user,
55 		  const char *server_user)
56 {
57 	FILE *f;
58 #define RBUFLN 1024
59 	char buf[RBUFLN];/* Must not be larger than host, user, dummy below. */
60 	int fd;
61 	struct stat st;
62 
63 	/* Open the .rhosts file, deny if unreadable */
64 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)
65 		return 0;
66 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
67 		close(fd);
68 		return 0;
69 	}
70 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
71 		logit("User %s hosts file %s is not a regular file",
72 		    server_user, filename);
73 		close(fd);
74 		return 0;
75 	}
76 	unset_nonblock(fd);
77 	if ((f = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
78 		close(fd);
79 		return 0;
80 	}
81 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
82 		/* All three must have length >= buf to avoid overflows. */
83 		char hostbuf[RBUFLN], userbuf[RBUFLN], dummy[RBUFLN];
84 		char *host, *user, *cp;
85 		int negated;
86 
87 		for (cp = buf; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
88 			;
89 		if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\n' || !*cp)
90 			continue;
91 
92 		/*
93 		 * NO_PLUS is supported at least on OSF/1.  We skip it (we
94 		 * don't ever support the plus syntax).
95 		 */
96 		if (strncmp(cp, "NO_PLUS", 7) == 0)
97 			continue;
98 
99 		/*
100 		 * This should be safe because each buffer is as big as the
101 		 * whole string, and thus cannot be overwritten.
102 		 */
103 		switch (sscanf(buf, "%1023s %1023s %1023s", hostbuf, userbuf,
104 		    dummy)) {
105 		case 0:
106 			auth_debug_add("Found empty line in %.100s.", filename);
107 			continue;
108 		case 1:
109 			/* Host name only. */
110 			strlcpy(userbuf, server_user, sizeof(userbuf));
111 			break;
112 		case 2:
113 			/* Got both host and user name. */
114 			break;
115 		case 3:
116 			auth_debug_add("Found garbage in %.100s.", filename);
117 			continue;
118 		default:
119 			/* Weird... */
120 			continue;
121 		}
122 
123 		host = hostbuf;
124 		user = userbuf;
125 		negated = 0;
126 
127 		/* Process negated host names, or positive netgroups. */
128 		if (host[0] == '-') {
129 			negated = 1;
130 			host++;
131 		} else if (host[0] == '+')
132 			host++;
133 
134 		if (user[0] == '-') {
135 			negated = 1;
136 			user++;
137 		} else if (user[0] == '+')
138 			user++;
139 
140 		/* Check for empty host/user names (particularly '+'). */
141 		if (!host[0] || !user[0]) {
142 			/* We come here if either was '+' or '-'. */
143 			auth_debug_add("Ignoring wild host/user names "
144 			    "in %.100s.", filename);
145 			continue;
146 		}
147 		/* Verify that host name matches. */
148 		if (host[0] == '@') {
149 			if (!innetgr(host + 1, hostname, NULL, NULL) &&
150 			    !innetgr(host + 1, ipaddr, NULL, NULL))
151 				continue;
152 		} else if (strcasecmp(host, hostname) &&
153 		    strcmp(host, ipaddr) != 0)
154 			continue;	/* Different hostname. */
155 
156 		/* Verify that user name matches. */
157 		if (user[0] == '@') {
158 			if (!innetgr(user + 1, NULL, client_user, NULL))
159 				continue;
160 		} else if (strcmp(user, client_user) != 0)
161 			continue;	/* Different username. */
162 
163 		/* Found the user and host. */
164 		fclose(f);
165 
166 		/* If the entry was negated, deny access. */
167 		if (negated) {
168 			auth_debug_add("Matched negative entry in %.100s.",
169 			    filename);
170 			return 0;
171 		}
172 		/* Accept authentication. */
173 		return 1;
174 	}
175 
176 	/* Authentication using this file denied. */
177 	fclose(f);
178 	return 0;
179 }
180 
181 /*
182  * Tries to authenticate the user using the .shosts or .rhosts file. Returns
183  * true if authentication succeeds.  If ignore_rhosts is true, only
184  * /etc/hosts.equiv will be considered (.rhosts and .shosts are ignored).
185  */
186 int
187 auth_rhosts2(struct passwd *pw, const char *client_user, const char *hostname,
188     const char *ipaddr)
189 {
190 	char *path = NULL;
191 	struct stat st;
192 	static const char * const rhosts_files[] = {".shosts", ".rhosts", NULL};
193 	u_int rhosts_file_index;
194 	int r;
195 
196 	debug2_f("clientuser %s hostname %s ipaddr %s",
197 	    client_user, hostname, ipaddr);
198 
199 	/* Switch to the user's uid. */
200 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
201 	/*
202 	 * Quick check: if the user has no .shosts or .rhosts files and
203 	 * no system hosts.equiv/shosts.equiv files exist then return
204 	 * failure immediately without doing costly lookups from name
205 	 * servers.
206 	 */
207 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
208 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
209 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
210 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
211 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
212 		r = stat(path, &st);
213 		free(path);
214 		if (r >= 0)
215 			break;
216 	}
217 	/* Switch back to privileged uid. */
218 	restore_uid();
219 
220 	/*
221 	 * Deny if The user has no .shosts or .rhosts file and there
222 	 * are no system-wide files.
223 	 */
224 	if (!rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index] &&
225 	    stat(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1 &&
226 	    stat(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1) {
227 		debug3_f("no hosts access files exist");
228 		return 0;
229 	}
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * If not logging in as superuser, try /etc/hosts.equiv and
233 	 * shosts.equiv.
234 	 */
235 	if (pw->pw_uid == 0)
236 		debug3_f("root user, ignoring system hosts files");
237 	else {
238 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
239 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
240 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
241 			    "/etc/hosts.equiv.", hostname, ipaddr);
242 			return 1;
243 		}
244 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
245 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
246 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
247 			    "%.100s.", hostname, ipaddr, _PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV);
248 			return 1;
249 		}
250 	}
251 
252 	/*
253 	 * Check that the home directory is owned by root or the user, and is
254 	 * not group or world writable.
255 	 */
256 	if (stat(pw->pw_dir, &st) == -1) {
257 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
258 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
259 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
260 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
261 		return 0;
262 	}
263 	if (options.strict_modes &&
264 	    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
265 	    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
266 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
267 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
268 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
269 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
270 		return 0;
271 	}
272 	/* Temporarily use the user's uid. */
273 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
274 
275 	/* Check all .rhosts files (currently .shosts and .rhosts). */
276 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
277 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
278 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
279 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
280 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
281 		if (stat(path, &st) == -1) {
282 			debug3_f("stat %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
283 			free(path);
284 			continue;
285 		}
286 
287 		/*
288 		 * Make sure that the file is either owned by the user or by
289 		 * root, and make sure it is not writable by anyone but the
290 		 * owner.  This is to help avoid novices accidentally
291 		 * allowing access to their account by anyone.
292 		 */
293 		if (options.strict_modes &&
294 		    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
295 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
296 			logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
297 			    "bad modes for %.200s", pw->pw_name, path);
298 			auth_debug_add("Bad file modes for %.200s", path);
299 			free(path);
300 			continue;
301 		}
302 		/*
303 		 * Check if we have been configured to ignore .rhosts
304 		 * and .shosts files.
305 		 */
306 		if (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_YES ||
307 		    (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_SHOSTS &&
308 		    strcmp(rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index], ".shosts") != 0)) {
309 			auth_debug_add("Server has been configured to "
310 			    "ignore %.100s.", rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
311 			free(path);
312 			continue;
313 		}
314 		/* Check if authentication is permitted by the file. */
315 		if (check_rhosts_file(path, hostname, ipaddr,
316 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
317 			auth_debug_add("Accepted by %.100s.",
318 			    rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
319 			/* Restore the privileged uid. */
320 			restore_uid();
321 			auth_debug_add("Accepted host %s ip %s client_user "
322 			    "%s server_user %s", hostname, ipaddr,
323 			    client_user, pw->pw_name);
324 			free(path);
325 			return 1;
326 		}
327 		free(path);
328 	}
329 
330 	/* Restore the privileged uid. */
331 	restore_uid();
332 	return 0;
333 }
334