xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/su/su.c (revision 09467b48)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: su.c,v 1.81 2020/07/08 15:36:35 jca Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/time.h>
33 #include <sys/resource.h>
34 
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <grp.h>
38 #include <login_cap.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <pwd.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <syslog.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 #include <limits.h>
47 #include <utmp.h>
48 #include <stdarg.h>
49 #include <bsd_auth.h>
50 
51 char   *getloginname(void);
52 char   *ontty(void);
53 int	chshell(const char *);
54 int	verify_user(char *, struct passwd *, char *, login_cap_t *,
55 	    auth_session_t *);
56 void	usage(void);
57 void	auth_err(auth_session_t *, int, const char *, ...);
58 void	auth_errx(auth_session_t *, int, const char *, ...);
59 
60 int
61 main(int argc, char **argv)
62 {
63 	int asme = 0, asthem = 0, ch, fastlogin = 0, emlogin = 0, prio;
64 	int altshell = 0, homeless = 0;
65 	char *user, *shell = NULL, *avshell, *username, **np;
66 	char *class = NULL, *style = NULL, *p;
67 	enum { UNSET, YES, NO } iscsh = UNSET;
68 	char avshellbuf[PATH_MAX];
69 	extern char **environ;
70 	auth_session_t *as;
71 	struct passwd *pwd;
72 	login_cap_t *lc;
73 	uid_t ruid;
74 	u_int flags;
75 
76 	if (pledge("stdio unveil rpath getpw proc exec id", NULL) == -1)
77 		err(1, "pledge");
78 
79 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "a:c:fKLlms:-")) != -1)
80 		switch (ch) {
81 		case 'a':
82 			if (style)
83 				usage();
84 			style = optarg;
85 			break;
86 		case 'c':
87 			if (class)
88 				usage();
89 			class = optarg;
90 			break;
91 		case 'f':
92 			fastlogin = 1;
93 			break;
94 		case 'K':
95 			if (style)
96 				usage();
97 			style = "passwd";
98 			break;
99 		case 'L':
100 			emlogin = 1;
101 			break;
102 		case 'l':
103 		case '-':
104 			asme = 0;
105 			asthem = 1;
106 			break;
107 		case 'm':
108 			asme = 1;
109 			asthem = 0;
110 			break;
111 		case 's':
112 			altshell = 1;
113 			shell = optarg;
114 			break;
115 		default:
116 			usage();
117 		}
118 	argv += optind;
119 
120 	errno = 0;
121 	prio = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
122 	if (errno)
123 		prio = 0;
124 	setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -2);
125 	openlog("su", LOG_CONS, 0);
126 
127 	if ((as = auth_open()) == NULL) {
128 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "auth_open: %m");
129 		err(1, "unable to initialize BSD authentication");
130 	}
131 	auth_setoption(as, "login", "yes");
132 
133 	/* get current login name and shell */
134 	ruid = getuid();
135 	username = getlogin();
136 
137 	if (ruid && class)
138 		auth_errx(as, 1, "only the superuser may specify a login class");
139 
140 	if (ruid && altshell)
141 		auth_errx(as, 1, "only the superuser may specify a login shell");
142 
143 	if (username != NULL)
144 		auth_setoption(as, "invokinguser", username);
145 
146 	if (username == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(username)) == NULL ||
147 	    pwd->pw_uid != ruid)
148 		pwd = getpwuid(ruid);
149 	if (pwd == NULL)
150 		auth_errx(as, 1, "who are you?");
151 	if ((username = strdup(pwd->pw_name)) == NULL)
152 		auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
153 	if (asme && !altshell) {
154 		if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
155 			if ((shell = strdup(pwd->pw_shell)) == NULL)
156 				auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
157 		} else {
158 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
159 			iscsh = NO;
160 		}
161 	}
162 
163 	if (unveil(_PATH_LOGIN_CONF, "r") == -1)
164 		err(1, "unveil");
165 	if (unveil(_PATH_LOGIN_CONF ".db", "r") == -1)
166 		err(1, "unveil");
167 	if (unveil(_PATH_AUTHPROGDIR, "x") == -1)
168 		err(1, "unveil");
169 	if (unveil(_PATH_SHELLS, "r") == -1)
170 		err(1, "unveil");
171 	if (unveil(_PATH_DEVDB, "r") == -1)
172 		err(1, "unveil");
173 
174 	for (;;) {
175 		char *pw_class = class;
176 
177 		/* get target user, default to root unless in -L mode */
178 		if (*argv) {
179 			user = *argv;
180 		} else if (emlogin) {
181 			if ((user = getloginname()) == NULL) {
182 				auth_close(as);
183 				exit(1);
184 			}
185 		} else {
186 			user = "root";
187 		}
188 		/* style may be specified as part of the username */
189 		if ((p = strchr(user, ':')) != NULL) {
190 			*p++ = '\0';
191 			style = p;	/* XXX overrides -a flag */
192 		}
193 
194 		/*
195 		 * Clean and setup our current authentication session.
196 		 * Note that options *are* not cleared.
197 		 */
198 		auth_clean(as);
199 		if (auth_setitem(as, AUTHV_INTERACTIVE, "True") != 0 ||
200 		    auth_setitem(as, AUTHV_NAME, user) != 0)
201 			auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
202 		if ((user = auth_getitem(as, AUTHV_NAME)) == NULL)
203 			auth_errx(as, 1, "internal error");
204 		if (auth_setpwd(as, NULL) || (pwd = auth_getpwd(as)) == NULL) {
205 			if (emlogin)
206 				pwd = NULL;
207 			else
208 				auth_errx(as, 1, "unknown login %s", user);
209 		}
210 
211 		/* If the user specified a login class, use it */
212 		if (pw_class == NULL && pwd != NULL)
213 			pw_class = pwd->pw_class;
214 		if ((lc = login_getclass(pw_class)) == NULL)
215 			auth_errx(as, 1, "no such login class: %s",
216 			    pw_class ? pw_class : LOGIN_DEFCLASS);
217 
218 		if ((ruid == 0 && !emlogin) ||
219 		    verify_user(username, pwd, style, lc, as) == 0)
220 			break;
221 		syslog(LOG_AUTH|LOG_WARNING, "BAD SU %s to %s%s",
222 		    username, user, ontty());
223 		if (!emlogin) {
224 			fprintf(stderr, "Sorry\n");
225 			auth_close(as);
226 			exit(1);
227 		}
228 		fprintf(stderr, "Login incorrect\n");
229 	}
230 	if (pwd == NULL)
231 		auth_errx(as, 1, "internal error");
232 
233 	if (pledge("stdio unveil rpath getpw exec id", NULL) == -1)
234 		err(1, "pledge");
235 
236 	if (!altshell) {
237 		if (asme) {
238 			/* must be root to override non-std target shell */
239 			if (ruid && !chshell(pwd->pw_shell))
240 				auth_errx(as, 1, "permission denied (shell).");
241 		} else if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
242 			if ((shell = strdup(pwd->pw_shell)) == NULL)
243 				auth_err(as, 1, NULL);
244 			iscsh = UNSET;
245 		} else {
246 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
247 			iscsh = NO;
248 		}
249 	}
250 
251 	if (unveil(shell, "x") == -1)
252 		err(1, "unveil");
253 	if (unveil(pwd->pw_dir, "r") == -1)
254 		err(1, "unveil");
255 
256 	if ((p = strrchr(shell, '/')))
257 		avshell = p+1;
258 	else
259 		avshell = shell;
260 
261 	/* if we're forking a csh, we want to slightly muck the args */
262 	if (iscsh == UNSET)
263 		iscsh = strcmp(avshell, "csh") ? NO : YES;
264 
265 	if (!asme) {
266 		if (asthem) {
267 			p = getenv("TERM");
268 			if ((environ = calloc(1, sizeof (char *))) == NULL)
269 				auth_errx(as, 1, "calloc");
270 			if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETPATH))
271 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
272 			if (p && setenv("TERM", p, 1) == -1)
273 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
274 
275 			setegid(pwd->pw_gid);
276 			seteuid(pwd->pw_uid);
277 
278 			homeless = chdir(pwd->pw_dir);
279 			if (homeless == -1) {
280 				if (login_getcapbool(lc, "requirehome", 0)) {
281 					auth_err(as, 1, "%s", pwd->pw_dir);
282 				} else {
283 					if (unveil("/", "r") == -1)
284 						err(1, "unveil");
285 					printf("No home directory %s!\n", pwd->pw_dir);
286 					printf("Logging in with home = \"/\".\n");
287 					if (chdir("/") == -1)
288 						auth_err(as, 1, "/");
289 				}
290 			}
291 			setegid(0);	/* XXX use a saved gid instead? */
292 			seteuid(0);
293 		} else if (pwd->pw_uid == 0) {
294 			if (setusercontext(lc,
295 			    pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETPATH|LOGIN_SETUMASK))
296 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
297 		}
298 		if (asthem || pwd->pw_uid) {
299 			if (setenv("LOGNAME", pwd->pw_name, 1) == -1 ||
300 			    setenv("USER", pwd->pw_name, 1) == -1)
301 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
302 		}
303 		if (setenv("HOME", homeless ? "/" : pwd->pw_dir, 1) == -1 ||
304 		    setenv("SHELL", shell, 1) == -1)
305 			auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
306 	} else if (altshell) {
307 		if (setenv("SHELL", shell, 1) == -1)
308 			auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
309 	}
310 	if (pledge("stdio rpath getpw exec id", NULL) == -1)
311 		err(1, "pledge");
312 
313 	np = *argv ? argv : argv - 1;
314 
315 	if (iscsh == YES) {
316 		if (fastlogin)
317 			*np-- = "-f";
318 		if (asme)
319 			*np-- = "-m";
320 
321 		if (asthem)
322 			avshellbuf[0] = '-';
323 		else {
324 			/* csh strips the first character... */
325 			avshellbuf[0] = '_';
326 		}
327 		strlcpy(avshellbuf+1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
328 		avshell = avshellbuf;
329 	} else if (asthem && !fastlogin) {
330 		avshellbuf[0] = '-';
331 		strlcpy(avshellbuf+1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
332 		avshell = avshellbuf;
333 	}
334 
335 	*np = avshell;
336 
337 	if (ruid != 0)
338 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_AUTH, "%s to %s%s",
339 		    username, user, ontty());
340 
341 	setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, prio);
342 	if (emlogin) {
343 		flags = LOGIN_SETALL & ~LOGIN_SETPATH;
344 		/*
345 		 * Only call setlogin() if this process is a session leader.
346 		 * In practice, this means the login name will be set only if
347 		 * we are exec'd by a shell.  This is important because
348 		 * otherwise the parent shell's login name would change too.
349 		 */
350 		if (getsid(0) != getpid())
351 			flags &= ~LOGIN_SETLOGIN;
352 	} else {
353 		flags = LOGIN_SETRESOURCES|LOGIN_SETGROUP|LOGIN_SETUSER;
354 		if (asthem)
355 			flags |= LOGIN_SETENV|LOGIN_SETPRIORITY|LOGIN_SETUMASK;
356 	}
357 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, flags) != 0)
358 		auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
359 
360 	if (pledge("stdio rpath exec", NULL) == -1)
361 		err(1, "pledge");
362 
363 	if (pwd->pw_uid && auth_approval(as, lc, pwd->pw_name, "su") == 0)
364 		auth_err(as, 1, "approval failure");
365 	auth_close(as);
366 
367 	execv(shell, np);
368 	err(1, "%s", shell);
369 }
370 
371 int
372 verify_user(char *from, struct passwd *pwd, char *style,
373     login_cap_t *lc, auth_session_t *as)
374 {
375 	struct group *gr;
376 	char **g, *cp;
377 	int authok;
378 
379 	/*
380 	 * If we are trying to become root and the default style
381 	 * is being used, don't bother to look it up (we might be
382 	 * be su'ing up to fix /etc/login.conf)
383 	 */
384 	if ((pwd == NULL || pwd->pw_uid != 0 || style == NULL ||
385 	    strcmp(style, LOGIN_DEFSTYLE) != 0) &&
386 	    (style = login_getstyle(lc, style, "auth-su")) == NULL)
387 		auth_errx(as, 1, "invalid authentication type");
388 
389 	/*
390 	 * Let the authentication program know whether they are
391 	 * in group wheel or not (if trying to become super user)
392 	 */
393 	if (pwd != NULL && pwd->pw_uid == 0 && (gr = getgrgid(0)) != NULL &&
394 	    gr->gr_mem != NULL && *(gr->gr_mem) != NULL) {
395 		for (g = gr->gr_mem; *g; ++g) {
396 			if (strcmp(from, *g) == 0) {
397 				auth_setoption(as, "wheel", "yes");
398 				break;
399 			}
400 		}
401 		if (!*g)
402 			auth_setoption(as, "wheel", "no");
403 	}
404 
405 	auth_verify(as, style, NULL, lc->lc_class, (char *)NULL);
406 	authok = auth_getstate(as);
407 	if ((authok & AUTH_ALLOW) == 0) {
408 		if ((cp = auth_getvalue(as, "errormsg")) != NULL)
409 			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", cp);
410 		return(1);
411 	}
412 	return(0);
413 }
414 
415 int
416 chshell(const char *sh)
417 {
418 	char *cp;
419 	int found = 0;
420 
421 	setusershell();
422 	while ((cp = getusershell()) != NULL) {
423 		if (strcmp(cp, sh) == 0) {
424 			found = 1;
425 			break;
426 		}
427 	}
428 	endusershell();
429 	return (found);
430 }
431 
432 char *
433 ontty(void)
434 {
435 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 4];
436 	char *p;
437 
438 	buf[0] = 0;
439 	if ((p = ttyname(STDERR_FILENO)))
440 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), " on %s", p);
441 	return (buf);
442 }
443 
444 /*
445  * Allow for a '.' and 16 characters for any instance as well as
446  * space for a ':' and 16 characters defining the authentication type.
447  */
448 #define NBUFSIZ		(UT_NAMESIZE + 1 + 16 + 1 + 16)
449 
450 char *
451 getloginname(void)
452 {
453 	static char nbuf[NBUFSIZ], *p;
454 	int ch;
455 
456 	for (;;) {
457 		printf("login: ");
458 		for (p = nbuf; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; ) {
459 			if (ch == EOF)
460 				return (NULL);
461 			if (p < nbuf + (NBUFSIZ - 1))
462 				*p++ = ch;
463 		}
464 		if (p > nbuf) {
465 			if (nbuf[0] == '-') {
466 				fprintf(stderr,
467 				    "login names may not start with '-'.\n");
468 			} else {
469 				*p = '\0';
470 				break;
471 			}
472 		}
473 	}
474 	return (nbuf);
475 }
476 
477 void
478 usage(void)
479 {
480 	extern char *__progname;
481 
482 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-fKLlm] [-a auth-type] [-c login-class] "
483 	    "[-s login-shell]\n"
484 	    "%-*s[login [shell arguments]]\n", __progname,
485 	    (int)strlen(__progname) + 8, "");
486 	exit(1);
487 }
488 
489 void
490 auth_err(auth_session_t *as, int eval, const char *fmt, ...)
491 {
492 	va_list ap;
493 
494 	va_start(ap, fmt);
495 	vwarn(fmt, ap);
496 	va_end(ap);
497 	auth_close(as);
498 	exit(eval);
499 }
500 
501 void
502 auth_errx(auth_session_t *as, int eval, const char *fmt, ...)
503 {
504 	va_list ap;
505 
506 	va_start(ap, fmt);
507 	vwarnx(fmt, ap);
508 	va_end(ap);
509 	auth_close(as);
510 	exit(eval);
511 }
512