1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California. 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc. 7 * 8 * %sccs.include.redist.c% 9 */ 10 11 #ifndef lint 12 char copyright[] = 13 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.\n\ 14 All rights reserved.\n"; 15 #endif /* not lint */ 16 17 #ifndef lint 18 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c 5.20 (Berkeley) 06/29/90"; 19 #endif /* not lint */ 20 21 /* 22 * cp copies source files to target files. 23 * 24 * The global PATH_T structures "to" and "from" always contain paths to the 25 * current source and target files, respectively. Since cp does not change 26 * directories, these paths can be either absolute or dot-realative. 27 * 28 * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and "from", and then call the 29 * recursive copy() function to do the actual work. If "from" is a file, 30 * copy copies the data. If "from" is a directory, copy creates the 31 * corresponding "to" directory, and calls itself recursively on all of 32 * the entries in the "from" directory. 33 */ 34 35 #include <sys/param.h> 36 #include <sys/stat.h> 37 #include <sys/file.h> 38 #include <sys/dir.h> 39 #include <sys/time.h> 40 #include <stdio.h> 41 #include <errno.h> 42 #include <stdlib.h> 43 #include <string.h> 44 45 #define type(st) ((st).st_mode & S_IFMT) 46 47 typedef struct { 48 char p_path[MAXPATHLEN + 1]; /* pointer to the start of a path. */ 49 char *p_end; /* pointer to NULL at end of path. */ 50 } PATH_T; 51 52 PATH_T from = { "", from.p_path }; 53 PATH_T to = { "", to.p_path }; 54 55 uid_t myuid; 56 int exit_val, myumask; 57 int iflag, pflag, orflag, rflag; 58 int (*statfcn)(); 59 char *buf, *pname; 60 char *path_append(), *path_basename(); 61 62 main(argc, argv) 63 int argc; 64 char **argv; 65 { 66 extern int optind; 67 struct stat to_stat; 68 register int c, r; 69 int symfollow, lstat(), stat(); 70 char *old_to, *p; 71 72 /* 73 * cp is used by mv(1) -- except for usage statements, print 74 * the "called as" program name. 75 */ 76 pname = (p = rindex(*argv,'/')) ? ++p : *argv; 77 78 symfollow = 0; 79 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Rfhipr")) != EOF) { 80 switch ((char)c) { 81 case 'f': 82 iflag = 0; 83 break; 84 case 'h': 85 symfollow = 1; 86 break; 87 case 'i': 88 iflag = isatty(fileno(stdin)); 89 break; 90 case 'p': 91 pflag = 1; 92 break; 93 case 'R': 94 rflag = 1; 95 break; 96 case 'r': 97 orflag = 1; 98 break; 99 case '?': 100 default: 101 usage(); 102 break; 103 } 104 } 105 argc -= optind; 106 argv += optind; 107 108 if (argc < 2) 109 usage(); 110 111 if (rflag && orflag) { 112 (void)fprintf(stderr, 113 "cp: the -R and -r options are mutually exclusive.\n"); 114 exit(1); 115 } 116 117 buf = (char *)malloc(MAXBSIZE); 118 if (!buf) { 119 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: out of space.\n", pname); 120 exit(1); 121 } 122 123 myuid = getuid(); 124 125 /* copy the umask for explicit mode setting */ 126 myumask = umask(0); 127 (void)umask(myumask); 128 129 /* consume last argument first. */ 130 if (!path_set(&to, argv[--argc])) 131 exit(exit_val); 132 133 statfcn = symfollow || !rflag ? stat : lstat; 134 135 /* 136 * Cp has two distinct cases: 137 * 138 * Case (1) $ cp [-rip] source target 139 * 140 * Case (2) $ cp [-rip] source1 ... directory 141 * 142 * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory. 143 * 144 * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the 145 * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for 146 * directories. 147 * 148 * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source". 149 */ 150 151 r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat); 152 if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT) { 153 error(to.p_path); 154 exit(1); 155 } 156 if (r == -1 || type(to_stat) != S_IFDIR) { 157 /* 158 * Case (1). Target is not a directory. 159 */ 160 if (argc > 1) { 161 usage(); 162 exit(1); 163 } 164 if (!path_set(&from, *argv)) 165 exit(exit_val); 166 copy(); 167 } 168 else { 169 /* 170 * Case (2). Target is a directory. 171 */ 172 for (;; ++argv) { 173 if (!path_set(&from, *argv)) 174 continue; 175 old_to = path_append(&to, path_basename(&from), -1); 176 if (!old_to) 177 continue; 178 copy(); 179 if (!--argc) 180 break; 181 path_restore(&to, old_to); 182 } 183 } 184 exit(exit_val); 185 } 186 187 /* copy file or directory at "from" to "to". */ 188 copy() 189 { 190 struct stat from_stat, to_stat; 191 int dne, statval; 192 193 statval = statfcn(from.p_path, &from_stat); 194 if (statval == -1) { 195 error(from.p_path); 196 return; 197 } 198 199 /* not an error, but need to remember it happened */ 200 if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1) 201 dne = 1; 202 else { 203 if (to_stat.st_dev == from_stat.st_dev && 204 to_stat.st_ino == from_stat.st_ino) { 205 (void)fprintf(stderr, 206 "%s: %s and %s are identical (not copied).\n", 207 pname, to.p_path, from.p_path); 208 exit_val = 1; 209 return; 210 } 211 dne = 0; 212 } 213 214 switch(type(from_stat)) { 215 case S_IFLNK: 216 copy_link(!dne); 217 return; 218 case S_IFDIR: 219 if (!rflag && !orflag) { 220 (void)fprintf(stderr, 221 "%s: %s is a directory (not copied).\n", 222 pname, from.p_path); 223 exit_val = 1; 224 return; 225 } 226 if (dne) { 227 /* 228 * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new 229 * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits, 230 * modified by the umask. Trade-off between being 231 * able to write the directory (if from directory is 232 * 555) and not causing a permissions race. If the 233 * umask blocks owner writes cp fails. 234 */ 235 if (mkdir(to.p_path, from_stat.st_mode|S_IRWXU) < 0) { 236 error(to.p_path); 237 return; 238 } 239 } 240 else if (type(to_stat) != S_IFDIR) { 241 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: not a directory.\n", 242 pname, to.p_path); 243 return; 244 } 245 copy_dir(); 246 /* 247 * If not -p and directory didn't exist, set it to be the 248 * same as the from directory, umodified by the umask; 249 * arguably wrong, but it's been that way forever. 250 */ 251 if (pflag) 252 setfile(&from_stat, 0); 253 else if (dne) 254 (void)chmod(to.p_path, from_stat.st_mode); 255 return; 256 case S_IFCHR: 257 case S_IFBLK: 258 if (rflag) { 259 copy_special(&from_stat, !dne); 260 return; 261 } 262 break; 263 case S_IFIFO: 264 if (rflag) { 265 copy_fifo(&from_stat, !dne); 266 return; 267 } 268 break; 269 } 270 copy_file(&from_stat, dne); 271 } 272 273 copy_file(fs, dne) 274 struct stat *fs; 275 int dne; 276 { 277 register int from_fd, to_fd, rcount, wcount; 278 struct stat to_stat; 279 280 if ((from_fd = open(from.p_path, O_RDONLY, 0)) == -1) { 281 error(from.p_path); 282 return; 283 } 284 285 /* 286 * If the file exists and we're interactive, verify with the user. 287 * If the file DNE, set the mode to be the from file, minus setuid 288 * bits, modified by the umask; arguably wrong, but it makes copying 289 * executables work right and it's been that way forever. (The 290 * other choice is 666 or'ed with the execute bits on the from file 291 * modified by the umask.) 292 */ 293 if (!dne) { 294 if (iflag) { 295 int checkch, ch; 296 297 (void)fprintf(stderr, "overwrite %s? ", to.p_path); 298 checkch = ch = getchar(); 299 while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF) 300 ch = getchar(); 301 if (checkch != 'y') { 302 (void)close(from_fd); 303 return; 304 } 305 } 306 to_fd = open(to.p_path, O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC, 0); 307 } else 308 to_fd = open(to.p_path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 309 fs->st_mode & ~(S_ISUID|S_ISGID)); 310 311 if (to_fd == -1) { 312 error(to.p_path); 313 (void)close(from_fd); 314 return; 315 } 316 317 while ((rcount = read(from_fd, buf, MAXBSIZE)) > 0) { 318 wcount = write(to_fd, buf, rcount); 319 if (rcount != wcount || wcount == -1) { 320 error(to.p_path); 321 break; 322 } 323 } 324 if (rcount < 0) 325 error(from.p_path); 326 if (pflag) 327 setfile(fs, to_fd); 328 /* 329 * If the source was setuid or setgid, lose the bits unless the 330 * copy is owned by the same user and group. 331 */ 332 else if (fs->st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID) && fs->st_uid == myuid) 333 if (fstat(to_fd, &to_stat)) 334 error(to.p_path); 335 #define RETAINBITS (S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_ISVTX|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO) 336 else if (fs->st_gid == to_stat.st_gid && fchmod(to_fd, 337 fs->st_mode & RETAINBITS & ~myumask)) 338 error(to.p_path); 339 (void)close(from_fd); 340 (void)close(to_fd); 341 } 342 343 copy_dir() 344 { 345 struct stat from_stat; 346 struct direct *dp, **dir_list; 347 register int dir_cnt, i; 348 char *old_from, *old_to; 349 350 dir_cnt = scandir(from.p_path, &dir_list, NULL, NULL); 351 if (dir_cnt == -1) { 352 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't read directory %s.\n", 353 pname, from.p_path); 354 exit_val = 1; 355 } 356 357 /* 358 * Instead of handling directory entries in the order they appear 359 * on disk, do non-directory files before directory files. 360 * There are two reasons to do directories last. The first is 361 * efficiency. Files tend to be in the same cylinder group as 362 * their parent, whereas directories tend not to be. Copying files 363 * all at once reduces seeking. Second, deeply nested tree's 364 * could use up all the file descriptors if we didn't close one 365 * directory before recursivly starting on the next. 366 */ 367 /* copy files */ 368 for (i = 0; i < dir_cnt; ++i) { 369 dp = dir_list[i]; 370 if (dp->d_namlen <= 2 && dp->d_name[0] == '.' 371 && (dp->d_name[1] == NULL || dp->d_name[1] == '.')) 372 goto done; 373 old_from = path_append(&from, dp->d_name, (int)dp->d_namlen); 374 if (!old_from) 375 goto done; 376 377 if (statfcn(from.p_path, &from_stat) < 0) { 378 error(dp->d_name); 379 path_restore(&from, old_from); 380 goto done; 381 } 382 if (type(from_stat) == S_IFDIR) { 383 path_restore(&from, old_from); 384 continue; 385 } 386 old_to = path_append(&to, dp->d_name, (int)dp->d_namlen); 387 if (old_to) { 388 copy(); 389 path_restore(&to, old_to); 390 } 391 path_restore(&from, old_from); 392 done: dir_list[i] = NULL; 393 (void)free((void *)dp); 394 } 395 396 /* copy directories */ 397 for (i = 0; i < dir_cnt; ++i) { 398 dp = dir_list[i]; 399 if (!dp) 400 continue; 401 old_from = path_append(&from, dp->d_name, (int) dp->d_namlen); 402 if (!old_from) { 403 (void)free((void *)dp); 404 continue; 405 } 406 old_to = path_append(&to, dp->d_name, (int) dp->d_namlen); 407 if (!old_to) { 408 (void)free((void *)dp); 409 path_restore(&from, old_from); 410 continue; 411 } 412 copy(); 413 free((void *)dp); 414 path_restore(&from, old_from); 415 path_restore(&to, old_to); 416 } 417 free((void *)dir_list); 418 } 419 420 copy_link(exists) 421 int exists; 422 { 423 int len; 424 char link[MAXPATHLEN]; 425 426 if ((len = readlink(from.p_path, link, sizeof(link))) == -1) { 427 error(from.p_path); 428 return; 429 } 430 link[len] = '\0'; 431 if (exists && unlink(to.p_path)) { 432 error(to.p_path); 433 return; 434 } 435 if (symlink(link, to.p_path)) { 436 error(link); 437 return; 438 } 439 } 440 441 copy_fifo(from_stat, exists) 442 struct stat *from_stat; 443 int exists; 444 { 445 if (exists && unlink(to.p_path)) { 446 error(to.p_path); 447 return; 448 } 449 if (mkfifo(to.p_path, from_stat->st_mode)) { 450 error(to.p_path); 451 return; 452 } 453 if (pflag) 454 setfile(from_stat, 0); 455 } 456 457 copy_special(from_stat, exists) 458 struct stat *from_stat; 459 int exists; 460 { 461 if (exists && unlink(to.p_path)) { 462 error(to.p_path); 463 return; 464 } 465 if (mknod(to.p_path, from_stat->st_mode, from_stat->st_rdev)) { 466 error(to.p_path); 467 return; 468 } 469 if (pflag) 470 setfile(from_stat, 0); 471 } 472 473 setfile(fs, fd) 474 register struct stat *fs; 475 int fd; 476 { 477 static struct timeval tv[2]; 478 479 fs->st_mode &= S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO; 480 481 tv[0].tv_sec = fs->st_atime; 482 tv[1].tv_sec = fs->st_mtime; 483 if (utimes(to.p_path, tv)) 484 error(to.p_path); 485 /* 486 * Changing the ownership probably won't succeed, unless we're root 487 * or POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED is not set. Set uid/gid before setting 488 * the mode; current BSD behavior is to remove all setuid bits on 489 * chown. If chown fails, lose setuid/setgid bits. 490 */ 491 if (fd ? fchown(fd, fs->st_uid, fs->st_gid) : 492 chown(to.p_path, fs->st_uid, fs->st_gid)) { 493 if (errno != EPERM) 494 error(to.p_path); 495 fs->st_mode &= ~(S_ISUID|S_ISGID); 496 } 497 if (fd ? fchmod(fd, fs->st_mode) : chmod(to.p_path, fs->st_mode)) 498 error(to.p_path); 499 } 500 501 ismember(gid) 502 gid_t gid; 503 { 504 register int cnt; 505 static int ngroups, groups[NGROUPS]; 506 507 if (!ngroups) { 508 ngroups = getgroups(NGROUPS, groups); 509 if (ngroups == -1) { 510 ngroups = 0; 511 exit_val = 1; 512 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", 513 pname, strerror(errno)); 514 return(0); 515 } 516 } 517 for (cnt = ngroups; cnt--;) 518 if (gid == groups[cnt]) 519 return(1); 520 return(0); 521 } 522 523 error(s) 524 char *s; 525 { 526 exit_val = 1; 527 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", pname, s, strerror(errno)); 528 } 529 530 /******************************************************************** 531 * Path Manipulation Routines. 532 ********************************************************************/ 533 534 /* 535 * These functions manipulate paths in PATH_T structures. 536 * 537 * They eliminate multiple slashes in paths when they notice them, and keep 538 * the path non-slash terminated. 539 * 540 * Both path_set() and path_append() return 0 if the requested name 541 * would be too long. 542 */ 543 544 #define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) { \ 545 while ((p)->p_end > (p)->p_path && (p)->p_end[-1] == '/') \ 546 *--(p)->p_end = 0; \ 547 } 548 549 /* 550 * Move specified string into path. Convert "" to "." to handle BSD 551 * semantics for a null path. Strip trailing slashes. 552 */ 553 path_set(p, string) 554 register PATH_T *p; 555 char *string; 556 { 557 if (strlen(string) > MAXPATHLEN) { 558 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: name too long.\n", 559 pname, string); 560 exit_val = 1; 561 return(0); 562 } 563 564 (void)strcpy(p->p_path, string); 565 p->p_end = p->p_path + strlen(p->p_path); 566 567 if (p->p_path == p->p_end) { 568 *p->p_end++ = '.'; 569 *p->p_end = 0; 570 } 571 572 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p); 573 return(1); 574 } 575 576 /* 577 * Append specified string to path, inserting '/' if necessary. Return a 578 * pointer to the old end of path for restoration. 579 */ 580 char * 581 path_append(p, name, len) 582 register PATH_T *p; 583 char *name; 584 int len; 585 { 586 char *old; 587 588 old = p->p_end; 589 if (len == -1) 590 len = strlen(name); 591 592 /* 593 * The final "+ 1" accounts for the '/' between old path and name. 594 */ 595 if ((len + p->p_end - p->p_path + 1) > MAXPATHLEN) { 596 (void)fprintf(stderr, 597 "%s: %s/%s: name too long.\n", pname, p->p_path, name); 598 exit_val = 1; 599 return(0); 600 } 601 602 /* 603 * This code should always be executed, since paths shouldn't 604 * end in '/'. 605 */ 606 if (p->p_end[-1] != '/') { 607 *p->p_end++ = '/'; 608 *p->p_end = 0; 609 } 610 611 (void)strncat(p->p_end, name, len); 612 p->p_end += len; 613 *p->p_end = 0; 614 615 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p); 616 return(old); 617 } 618 619 /* 620 * Restore path to previous value. (As returned by path_append.) 621 */ 622 path_restore(p, old) 623 PATH_T *p; 624 char *old; 625 { 626 p->p_end = old; 627 *p->p_end = 0; 628 } 629 630 /* 631 * Return basename of path. (Like basename(1).) 632 */ 633 char * 634 path_basename(p) 635 PATH_T *p; 636 { 637 char *basename; 638 639 basename = rindex(p->p_path, '/'); 640 return(basename ? ++basename : p->p_path); 641 } 642 643 usage() 644 { 645 (void)fprintf(stderr, 646 "usage: cp [-Rfhip] src target;\n or: cp [-Rfhip] src1 ... srcN directory\n"); 647 exit(1); 648 } 649