1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)as.1 6.6 (Berkeley) 08/09/91 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt AS 1 10.Os BSD 4 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm as 13.Nd VAX-11 assembler 14.Sh SYNOPSIS 15.Nm as 16.Op Fl \&a Ar val 17.Op Fl \&d Ar bytes 18.Op Fl \&L 19.Op Fl \&W 20.Op Fl \&V 21.Op Fl \&J 22.Op Fl \&R 23.Op Fl \&t Ar directory 24.Op Fl \&o Ar outfile 25.Op Ar source_file ... 26.Sh DESCRIPTION 27The 28.Nm as 29assembler produces an object file from the given source files 30or from the standard input. 31.Bl -tag -width flag 32.It Fl a 33Specifies the alignment 34.Ar value 35of procedures and data blocks. 36It is given as a power of two; thus an alignment of 3 37causes alignment on an eight byte boundary. 38The default is 39.Fl a Ns Li 2 , 40the minumum value is 41.Li 1 , 42the maximum value 43.Li 16 . 44.It Fl d 45Displacement offset in bytes for displacement values 46not defined in the first pass or unspecified in the assembly language. 47Possible values are 48.Li 1 , 2 , 49or 50.Li 4 . 51The default is 52.Fl d Ns Li 4 , 53if 54.Fl d 55is not given. 56.It Fl L 57Save defined labels beginning with a 58\*(LqL\*(Rq, which are normally discarded 59to save space in the resultant symbol table. 60The compilers generate such temporary labels. 61.It Fl V 62Use virtual memory for some intermediate storage, 63rather than a temporary file. 64.It Fl W 65Do not complain about errors. 66.It Fl J 67Use long branches to resolve jumps when byte-displacement branches are 68insufficient. This must be used when a compiler-generated assembly contains 69branches of more than 32k bytes. 70.It Fl R 71Make initialized data segments read-only, by concatenating them to 72the text segments. 73This obviates the need to run editor scripts on assembly 74code to make initialized data read-only and shared. 75.It Fl t 76Specifies a directory to receive the temporary file, other than 77the default /tmp. 78.El 79.Pp 80Symbols remaining undefined upon completion are assumed global 81.Pp 82Output is either placed in 83.Ar outfile, 84if given, or sent 85placed in 86.Pa a.out . 87.Sh FILES 88.Bl -tag -width /tmp/as* -compact 89.It Pa tmp/as\(** 90Default temporary files. 91.It Pa a.out 92Default resultant object file. 93.El 94.Sh SEE ALSO 95.Xr a.out 5 , 96.Xr adb 1 , 97.Xr dbx 1 , 98.Xr ld 1 , 99.Xr nm 1 100.Rs 101.%T "Assembler Reference Manual" . 102.Re 103.Sh AUTHORS 104John F. Reiser 105Robert R. Henry 106.Sh HISTORY 107An 108.Nm as 109command appeared in 110.At v6 . 111The version described here is derived from the 112.At v7 113.Nm as . 114.Sh BUGS 115The flag 116.Fl J 117should be eliminated; the assembler should automatically choose among 118byte, word and long branches. 119