1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California. 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted 9 * provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are 10 * duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, 11 * advertising materials, and other materials related to such 12 * distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed 13 * by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the 14 * University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived 15 * from this software without specific prior written permission. 16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR 17 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED 18 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 19 */ 20 21 #ifndef lint 22 char copyright[] = 23 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.\n\ 24 All rights reserved.\n"; 25 #endif /* not lint */ 26 27 #ifndef lint 28 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 5.4 (Berkeley) 08/17/89"; 29 #endif /* not lint */ 30 31 /* 32 * P I N G . C 33 * 34 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 35 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 36 * 37 * Author - 38 * Mike Muuss 39 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 40 * December, 1983 41 * 42 * Status - 43 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 44 * Bugs - 45 * More statistics could always be gathered. 46 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 47 */ 48 49 #include <sys/param.h> 50 #include <sys/socket.h> 51 #include <sys/file.h> 52 #include <sys/time.h> 53 #include <sys/signal.h> 54 55 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 56 #include <netinet/in.h> 57 #include <netinet/ip.h> 58 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 59 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 60 #include <netdb.h> 61 #include <unistd.h> 62 #include <stdio.h> 63 #include <ctype.h> 64 #include <errno.h> 65 #include <strings.h> 66 67 #define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */ 68 #define MAXIPLEN 60 69 #define MAXICMPLEN 76 70 #define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */ 71 #define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 72 #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ 73 74 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 75 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 76 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 77 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 78 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 79 80 /* various options */ 81 int options; 82 #define F_FLOOD 0x001 83 #define F_INTERVAL 0x002 84 #define F_NUMERIC 0x004 85 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x008 86 #define F_QUIET 0x010 87 #define F_RROUTE 0x020 88 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x040 89 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x080 90 #define F_VERBOSE 0x100 91 92 /* 93 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 94 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 95 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 96 */ 97 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 98 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 99 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 100 101 struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */ 102 int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 103 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 104 u_char outpack[MAXPACKET]; 105 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 106 char DOT = '.'; 107 char *hostname; 108 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 109 110 /* counters */ 111 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 112 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 113 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 114 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 115 int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */ 116 117 /* timing */ 118 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 119 long tmin = LONG_MAX; /* minimum round trip time */ 120 long tmax; /* maximum round trip time */ 121 u_long tsum; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 122 123 u_long inet_addr(); 124 char *inet_ntoa(), *pr_addr(); 125 int catcher(), finish(); 126 127 main(argc, argv) 128 int argc; 129 char **argv; 130 { 131 extern int errno, optind; 132 extern char *optarg; 133 struct timeval timeout; 134 struct hostent *hp; 135 struct sockaddr_in *to; 136 struct protoent *proto; 137 register int i; 138 int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload; 139 u_char *datap, *packet; 140 char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], *malloc(); 141 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 142 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ 143 #endif 144 145 preload = 0; 146 datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; 147 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Rc:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:v")) != EOF) 148 switch(ch) { 149 case 'c': 150 npackets = atoi(optarg); 151 if (npackets <= 0) { 152 (void)fprintf(stderr, 153 "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n"); 154 exit(1); 155 } 156 break; 157 case 'd': 158 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 159 break; 160 case 'f': 161 if (getuid()) { 162 (void)fprintf(stderr, 163 "ping: you must be root to use the -f option.\n"); 164 exit(1); 165 } 166 options |= F_FLOOD; 167 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 168 break; 169 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 170 interval = atoi(optarg); 171 if (interval <= 0) { 172 (void)fprintf(stderr, 173 "ping: bad timing interval.\n"); 174 exit(1); 175 } 176 options |= F_INTERVAL; 177 break; 178 case 'l': 179 preload = atoi(optarg); 180 if (preload < 0) { 181 (void)fprintf(stderr, 182 "ping: bad preload value.\n"); 183 exit(1); 184 } 185 break; 186 case 'n': 187 options |= F_NUMERIC; 188 break; 189 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 190 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 191 fill((char *)datap, optarg); 192 break; 193 case 'q': 194 options |= F_QUIET; 195 break; 196 case 'R': 197 options |= F_RROUTE; 198 break; 199 case 'r': 200 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 201 break; 202 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 203 datalen = atoi(optarg); 204 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) { 205 (void)fprintf(stderr, 206 "ping: packet size too large.\n"); 207 exit(1); 208 } 209 if (datalen <= 0) { 210 (void)fprintf(stderr, 211 "ping: illegal packet size.\n"); 212 exit(1); 213 } 214 break; 215 case 'v': 216 options |= F_VERBOSE; 217 break; 218 default: 219 usage(); 220 } 221 argc -= optind; 222 argv += optind; 223 224 if (argc != 1) 225 usage(); 226 target = *argv; 227 228 bzero((char *)&whereto, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 229 to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; 230 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 231 to->sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(target); 232 if (to->sin_addr.s_addr != (u_int)-1) 233 hostname = target; 234 else { 235 hp = gethostbyname(target); 236 if (!hp) { 237 (void)fprintf(stderr, 238 "ping: unknown host %s\n", target); 239 exit(1); 240 } 241 to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; 242 bcopy(hp->h_addr, (caddr_t)&to->sin_addr, hp->h_length); 243 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 244 hostname = hnamebuf; 245 } 246 247 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) { 248 (void)fprintf(stderr, 249 "ping: -f and -i incompatible options.\n"); 250 exit(1); 251 } 252 253 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */ 254 timing = 1; 255 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; 256 if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) { 257 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n"); 258 exit(1); 259 } 260 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 261 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i) 262 *datap++ = i; 263 264 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 265 266 if (!(proto = getprotobyname("icmp"))) { 267 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol icmp.\n"); 268 exit(1); 269 } 270 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto)) < 0) { 271 perror("ping: socket"); 272 exit(1); 273 } 274 hold = 1; 275 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 276 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 277 sizeof(hold)); 278 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 279 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 280 sizeof(hold)); 281 282 /* record route option */ 283 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 284 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 285 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 286 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1; 287 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 288 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 289 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) { 290 perror("ping: record route"); 291 exit(1); 292 } 293 #else 294 (void)fprintf(stderr, 295 "ping: record route not available in this implementation.\n"); 296 exit(1); 297 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 298 } 299 300 /* 301 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 302 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 303 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 304 * /etc/ethers. 305 */ 306 hold = 48 * 1024; 307 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 308 sizeof(hold)); 309 310 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) 311 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 312 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr), 313 datalen); 314 else 315 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 316 317 (void)signal(SIGINT, finish); 318 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 319 320 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 321 pinger(); 322 323 if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0) 324 catcher(); /* start things going */ 325 326 for (;;) { 327 struct sockaddr_in from; 328 register int cc; 329 int fromlen; 330 331 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 332 pinger(); 333 timeout.tv_sec = 0; 334 timeout.tv_usec = 10000; 335 fdmask = 1 << s; 336 if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL, 337 (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1) 338 continue; 339 } 340 fromlen = sizeof(from); 341 if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0, 342 (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) { 343 if (errno == EINTR) 344 continue; 345 perror("ping: recvfrom"); 346 continue; 347 } 348 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from); 349 if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets) 350 break; 351 } 352 finish(); 353 /* NOTREACHED */ 354 } 355 356 /* 357 * catcher -- 358 * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then 359 * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now. 360 * 361 * bug -- 362 * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be 363 * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the 364 * quality of the delay and loss statistics. 365 */ 366 catcher() 367 { 368 int waittime; 369 370 pinger(); 371 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 372 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 373 alarm((u_int)interval); 374 else { 375 if (nreceived) { 376 waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000; 377 if (!waittime) 378 waittime = 1; 379 } else 380 waittime = MAXWAIT; 381 (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish); 382 (void)alarm((u_int)waittime); 383 } 384 } 385 386 /* 387 * pinger -- 388 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 389 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 390 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes 391 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 392 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 393 */ 394 pinger() 395 { 396 register struct icmp *icp; 397 register int cc; 398 int i; 399 400 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 401 icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 402 icp->icmp_code = 0; 403 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 404 icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++; 405 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 406 407 CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 408 409 if (timing) 410 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8], 411 (struct timezone *)NULL); 412 413 cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ 414 415 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 416 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 417 418 i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto, 419 sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 420 421 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 422 if (i < 0) 423 perror("ping: sendto"); 424 (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", 425 hostname, cc, i); 426 } 427 if (options & F_FLOOD) 428 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 429 } 430 431 /* 432 * pr_pack -- 433 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 434 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 435 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 436 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 437 */ 438 pr_pack(buf, cc, from) 439 char *buf; 440 int cc; 441 struct sockaddr_in *from; 442 { 443 register struct icmp *icp; 444 register u_long l; 445 register int i, j; 446 register u_char *cp,*dp; 447 static int old_rrlen; 448 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 449 struct ip *ip; 450 struct timeval tv, *tp; 451 long triptime; 452 int hlen, dupflag; 453 454 (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL); 455 456 /* Check the IP header */ 457 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 458 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 459 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 460 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 461 (void)fprintf(stderr, 462 "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, 463 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 464 return; 465 } 466 467 /* Now the ICMP part */ 468 cc -= hlen; 469 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 470 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 471 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 472 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 473 ++nreceived; 474 if (timing) { 475 #ifndef icmp_data 476 tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip; 477 #else 478 tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data; 479 #endif 480 tvsub(&tv, tp); 481 triptime = tv.tv_sec * 1000 + (tv.tv_usec / 1000); 482 tsum += triptime; 483 if (triptime < tmin) 484 tmin = triptime; 485 if (triptime > tmax) 486 tmax = triptime; 487 } 488 489 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 490 ++nrepeats; 491 --nreceived; 492 dupflag = 1; 493 } else { 494 SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 495 dupflag = 0; 496 } 497 498 if (options & F_QUIET) 499 return; 500 501 if (options & F_FLOOD) 502 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 503 else { 504 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 505 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 506 icp->icmp_seq); 507 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 508 if (timing) 509 (void)printf(" time=%ld ms", triptime); 510 if (dupflag) 511 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 512 /* check the data */ 513 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[8]; 514 dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; 515 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) { 516 if (*cp != *dp) { 517 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 518 i, *dp, *cp); 519 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 520 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 521 if ((i % 32) == 8) 522 (void)printf("\n\t"); 523 (void)printf("%x ", *cp); 524 } 525 break; 526 } 527 } 528 } 529 } else { 530 /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */ 531 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) 532 return; 533 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 534 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 535 pr_icmph(icp); 536 } 537 538 /* Display any IP options */ 539 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 540 541 /* ANSI C will force hlen to unsigned! */ 542 for (; hlen > sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 543 switch (*cp) { 544 case IPOPT_EOL: 545 hlen = 0; 546 break; 547 case IPOPT_LSRR: 548 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 549 hlen -= 2; 550 j = *++cp; 551 ++cp; 552 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) 553 for (;;) { 554 l = *++cp; 555 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 556 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 557 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 558 if (l == 0) 559 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 560 else 561 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 562 hlen -= 4; 563 j -= 4; 564 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) 565 break; 566 (void)putchar('\n'); 567 } 568 break; 569 case IPOPT_RR: 570 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 571 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 572 hlen -= 2; 573 if (i > j) 574 i = j; 575 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 576 if (i <= 0) 577 continue; 578 if (i == old_rrlen 579 && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2 580 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 581 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 582 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 583 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; 584 hlen -= i; 585 cp += i; 586 break; 587 } 588 old_rrlen = i; 589 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 590 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 591 for (;;) { 592 l = *++cp; 593 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 594 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 595 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 596 if (l == 0) 597 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 598 else 599 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 600 hlen -= 4; 601 i -= 4; 602 if (i <= 0) 603 break; 604 (void)putchar('\n'); 605 } 606 break; 607 case IPOPT_NOP: 608 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 609 break; 610 default: 611 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 612 break; 613 } 614 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 615 (void)putchar('\n'); 616 (void)fflush(stdout); 617 } 618 } 619 620 /* 621 * in_cksum -- 622 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 623 */ 624 in_cksum(addr, len) 625 u_short *addr; 626 int len; 627 { 628 register int nleft = len; 629 register u_short *w = addr; 630 register int sum = 0; 631 u_short answer = 0; 632 633 /* 634 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 635 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 636 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 637 */ 638 while (nleft > 1) { 639 sum += *w++; 640 nleft -= 2; 641 } 642 643 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 644 if (nleft == 1) { 645 *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ; 646 sum += answer; 647 } 648 649 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 650 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 651 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 652 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 653 return(answer); 654 } 655 656 /* 657 * tvsub -- 658 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 659 * be >= in. 660 */ 661 tvsub(out, in) 662 register struct timeval *out, *in; 663 { 664 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 665 --out->tv_sec; 666 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 667 } 668 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 669 } 670 671 /* 672 * finish -- 673 * Print out statistics, and give up. 674 */ 675 finish() 676 { 677 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 678 (void)putchar('\n'); 679 (void)fflush(stdout); 680 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 681 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 682 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 683 if (nrepeats) 684 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 685 if (ntransmitted) 686 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 687 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 688 else 689 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 690 (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 691 ntransmitted)); 692 (void)putchar('\n'); 693 if (nreceived && timing) 694 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %ld/%lu/%ld ms\n", 695 tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax); 696 exit(0); 697 } 698 699 #ifdef notdef 700 static char *ttab[] = { 701 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 702 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 703 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 704 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 705 "Echo", 706 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 707 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 708 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 709 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 710 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 711 "Info Reply" /* " */ 712 }; 713 #endif 714 715 /* 716 * pr_icmph -- 717 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 718 */ 719 pr_icmph(icp) 720 struct icmp *icp; 721 { 722 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 723 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 724 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 725 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 726 break; 727 case ICMP_UNREACH: 728 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 729 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 730 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 731 break; 732 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 733 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 734 break; 735 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 736 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 737 break; 738 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 739 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 740 break; 741 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 742 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n"); 743 break; 744 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 745 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 746 break; 747 default: 748 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 749 icp->icmp_code); 750 break; 751 } 752 /* Print returned IP header information */ 753 #ifndef icmp_data 754 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 755 #else 756 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 757 #endif 758 break; 759 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 760 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 761 #ifndef icmp_data 762 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 763 #else 764 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 765 #endif 766 break; 767 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 768 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 769 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 770 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 771 break; 772 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 773 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 774 break; 775 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 776 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 777 break; 778 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 779 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 780 break; 781 default: 782 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 783 break; 784 } 785 (void)printf("(New addr: 0x%08lx)\n", icp->icmp_gwaddr.s_addr); 786 #ifndef icmp_data 787 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 788 #else 789 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 790 #endif 791 break; 792 case ICMP_ECHO: 793 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 794 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 795 break; 796 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 797 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 798 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 799 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 800 break; 801 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 802 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 803 break; 804 default: 805 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 806 icp->icmp_code); 807 break; 808 } 809 #ifndef icmp_data 810 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 811 #else 812 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 813 #endif 814 break; 815 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 816 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 817 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 818 #ifndef icmp_data 819 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 820 #else 821 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 822 #endif 823 break; 824 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 825 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 826 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 827 break; 828 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 829 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 830 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 831 break; 832 case ICMP_IREQ: 833 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 834 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 835 break; 836 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 837 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 838 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 839 break; 840 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ 841 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 842 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 843 break; 844 #endif 845 #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY 846 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 847 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 848 break; 849 #endif 850 default: 851 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 852 } 853 } 854 855 /* 856 * pr_iph -- 857 * Print an IP header with options. 858 */ 859 pr_iph(ip) 860 struct ip *ip; 861 { 862 int hlen; 863 u_char *cp; 864 865 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 866 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 867 868 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); 869 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 870 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 871 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 872 (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 873 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 874 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 875 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 876 /* dump and option bytes */ 877 while (hlen-- > 20) { 878 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 879 } 880 (void)putchar('\n'); 881 } 882 883 /* 884 * pr_addr -- 885 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 886 * a hostname. 887 */ 888 char * 889 pr_addr(l) 890 u_long l; 891 { 892 struct hostent *hp; 893 static char buf[80]; 894 895 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 896 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET))) 897 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 898 else 899 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 900 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 901 return(buf); 902 } 903 904 /* 905 * pr_retip -- 906 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 907 */ 908 pr_retip(ip) 909 struct ip *ip; 910 { 911 int hlen; 912 u_char *cp; 913 914 pr_iph(ip); 915 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 916 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 917 918 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 919 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 920 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 921 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 922 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 923 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 924 } 925 926 fill(bp, patp) 927 char *bp, *patp; 928 { 929 register int ii, jj, kk; 930 int pat[16]; 931 char *cp; 932 933 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) 934 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) { 935 (void)fprintf(stderr, 936 "ping: patterns must be specified as hex digits.\n"); 937 exit(1); 938 } 939 ii = sscanf(patp, 940 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 941 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 942 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 943 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 944 945 if (ii > 0) 946 for (kk = 0; kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + ii); kk += ii) 947 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 948 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 949 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 950 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 951 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 952 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 953 (void)printf("\n"); 954 } 955 } 956 957 usage() 958 { 959 (void)fprintf(stderr, 960 "usage: ping [-Rdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]\n\t[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] host\n"); 961 exit(1); 962 } 963