1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)intro.3 8.2 (Berkeley) 04/28/95 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt INTRO 3 10.Os BSD 4 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm intro 13.Nd introduction to the C libraries 14.Sh DESCRIPTION 15This section provides an overview of the C 16library functions, their error returns and other 17common definitions and concepts. 18Most of these functions are available from the C library, 19.Em libc . 20Other libraries, such as the math library, 21.Em libm , 22must be indicated at compile time with the 23.Fl l 24option of the compiler. 25.Pp 26A subset of the 27.Xr libc functions 28are available from Fortran; 29they are described separately in 30.Xr intro 3f . 31.Pp 32The various libraries (followed by the loader flag): 33.Bl -tag -width "libc (-lc)" 34.It Xr libc Pq Fl l Ns Ar c 35Standard C library functions. 36When using the C compiler 37.Xr cc 1 , 38it is not necessary 39to supply the loader flag 40.Fl l Ns Ar c 41for these functions. 42There are several `libraries' or groups of functions included inside of 43.Xr libc : the standard 44.Tn I/O 45routines, 46database routines, 47bit operators, 48string operators, 49character tests and character operators, 50des encryption routines, 51storage allocation, time functions, signal handling and more. 52.It Xo 53.Xr libcurses 54.Pf ( Fl l Ns Ar curses 55.Fl l Ns Ar termcap ) 56.Xc 57Terminal independent screen management routines 58for two dimensional non-bitmap display terminals. 59(See 60.Xr curses 3 . ) 61.It Xr libcompat Pq Fl l Ns Ar compat 62Functions which are obsolete but are available for compatibility with 63.Bx 4.3 . 64In particular, 65a number of system call interfaces provided in previous releases of 66.Bx 67have been included for source code compatibility. 68Use of these routines should, for the most part, be avoided. 69The manual page entry for each compatibility routine 70indicates the proper interface to use. 71.\" .It Xr libkvm 72.It Xr libl Pq Fl l Ns Ar l 73The library for 74.Xr lex 1 . 75.\" .It Xr libln 76.It Xr libm Pq Fl l Ns Ar m 77The math library, 78.Em libm . 79The math library is loaded as needed by the Pascal compiler 80.Xr pc 1 , 81but not by the C compiler which requires the 82.Fl l Ns Ar m 83flag. 84(See 85.Xr math 3 . ) 86.It Xr libmp Pq Fl l Ns Ar mp 87.\" .It Xr libom 88.\" Old math library. 89.It Xr libplot Pq Fl l Ns Ar plot 90Device independent plotting functions. 91(See 92.Xr plot 3 . ) 93.It Xr libplotf77 Pq Fl l Ns Ar plotf77 94The device independent plotting functions for fortran. 95(See 96.Xr plot 3 . ) 97.\" .It Xr libresolv Pq Fl l Ns Ar resolv 98.\" Routines for network address resolution. 99.It Xr libtermcap Fl l Ns Ar termcap 100The terminal independent operation library package. (See 101.Xr termcap 3 . ) 102.\" .It libvt0.a 103.It Xr liby Pq Fl l Ns Ar y 104The library for 105.Xr yacc 1 . 106.El 107.Sh FILES 108.Bl -tag -width /usr/lib/libm_p.a -compact 109.It Pa /usr/lib/libc.a 110the C library 111.It Pa /usr/lib/libm.a 112the math library 113.It Pa /usr/lib/libc_p.a 114the C library compiled for profiling 115.It Pa /usr/lib/libm_p.a 116the math library compiled for profiling 117.El 118.Sh SEE ALSO 119.\" .Xr libc 3 , 120.Xr stdio 3 , 121.Xr math 3 , 122.Xr intro 2 , 123.Xr cc 1 , 124.Xr ld 1 , 125.Xr nm 1 126.\" .Sh LIST OF FUNCTIONS 127.\" .Bl -column "strncasecmpxxx" "system" 128.\" .Sy Name Description 129.\" .El 130.Sh HISTORY 131An 132.Nm intro 133manual appeared in 134.At v7 . 135