1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991 Regents of the University of California. 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)intro.3 6.11 (Berkeley) 07/31/91 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt INTRO 3 10.Os BSD 4 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm intro 13.Nd introduction to the C libraries 14.Sh DESCRIPTION 15This section provides an overview of the C 16library functions, their error returns and other 17common definitions and concepts. 18Most of these functions are available from the C library, 19.Em libc 20(see 21.Xr libc 3 ) . 22Other libraries, such as the math library, 23.Em libm , 24must be indicated at compile time with the 25.Fl l 26option of the compiler. 27.Pp 28A subset of the 29.Xr libc functions 30are available from Fortran; 31they are described separately in 32.Xr intro 3f . 33.Pp 34The various libraries (followed by the loader flag): 35.Bl -tag -width "libc (-lc)" 36.It Xr libc Pq Fl l Ns Ar c 37Standard C library functions. (See 38.Xr libc 3 . ) When using the C compiler 39.Xr cc 1 , 40it is not necessary 41to supply the loader flag 42.Fl l Ns Ar c 43for these functions. 44There are several `libraries' or groups of functions included inside of 45.Xr libc : the standard 46.Tn I/O 47routines, 48database routines, 49bit operators, 50string operators, 51character tests and character operators, 52des encryption routines, 53storage allocation, time functions, signal handling and more. 54.It Xo 55.Xr libcurses 56.Pf ( Fl l Ns Ar curses 57.Fl l Ns Ar termcap ) 58.Xc 59Terminal independent screen management routines 60for two dimensional non-bitmap display terminals. 61(See 62.Xr curses 3 . ) 63.It Xr libcompat Pq Fl l Ns Ar compat 64Functions which are obsolete but are available for compatibility with 65.Bx 4.3 . 66In particular, 67a number of system call interfaces provided in previous releases of 68.Bx 69have been included for source code compatibility. 70Use of these routines should, for the most part, be avoided. 71The manual page entry for each compatibility routine 72indicates the proper interface to use. 73.\" .It Xr libkvm 74.It Xr libl Pq Fl l Ns Ar l 75The library for 76.Xr lex 1 . 77.\" .It Xr libln 78.It Xr libm Pq Fl l Ns Ar m 79The math library, 80.Em libm . 81The math library is loaded as needed by the Pascal compiler 82.Xr pc 1 , 83but not by the C compiler which requires the 84.Fl l Ns Ar m 85flag. 86(See 87.Xr math 3 . ) 88.It Xr libmp Pq Fl l Ns Ar mp 89.\" .It Xr libom 90.\" Old math library. 91.It Xr libplot Pq Fl l Ns Ar plot 92Device independent plotting functions. 93(See 94.Xr plot 3 . ) 95.It Xr libplotf77 Pq Fl l Ns Ar plotf77 96The device independent plotting functions for fortran. 97(See 98.Xr plot 3 . ) 99.\" .It Xr libresolv Pq Fl l Ns Ar resolv 100.\" Routines for network address resolution. 101.It Xr libtermcap Fl l Ns Ar termcap 102The terminal independent operation library package. (See 103.Xr termcap 3 . ) 104.\" .It libvt0.a 105.It Xr liby Pq Fl l Ns Ar y 106The library for 107.Xr yacc 1 . 108.El 109.Sh FILES 110.Bl -tag -width /usr/lib/libm_p.a -compact 111.It Pa /usr/lib/libc.a 112the C library 113.It Pa /usr/lib/libm.a 114the math library 115.It Pa /usr/lib/libc_p.a 116the C library compiled for profiling 117.It Pa /usr/lib/libm_p.a 118the math library compiled for profiling 119.El 120.Sh SEE ALSO 121.\" .Xr libc 3 , 122.Xr stdio 3 , 123.Xr math 3 , 124.Xr intro 2 , 125.Xr cc 1 , 126.Xr ld 1 , 127.Xr nm 1 128.\" .Sh LIST OF FUNCTIONS 129.\" .Bl -column "strncasecmpxxx" "system" 130.\" .Sy Name Description 131.\" .El 132.Sh HISTORY 133An 134.Nm intro 135manual appeared in 136.At v7 . 137