xref: /original-bsd/usr.bin/login/login.c (revision 3b4109a4)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1987, 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * %sccs.include.redist.c%
6  */
7 
8 #ifndef lint
9 char copyright[] =
10 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1987, 1988 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
11  All rights reserved.\n";
12 #endif /* not lint */
13 
14 #ifndef lint
15 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)login.c	5.66 (Berkeley) 03/01/91";
16 #endif /* not lint */
17 
18 /*
19  * login [ name ]
20  * login -h hostname	(for telnetd, etc.)
21  * login -f name	(for pre-authenticated login: datakit, xterm, etc.)
22  */
23 
24 #include <sys/param.h>
25 #include <sys/stat.h>
26 #include <sys/time.h>
27 #include <sys/resource.h>
28 #include <sys/file.h>
29 
30 #include <utmp.h>
31 #include <signal.h>
32 #include <errno.h>
33 #include <ttyent.h>
34 #include <syslog.h>
35 #include <grp.h>
36 #include <pwd.h>
37 #include <setjmp.h>
38 #include <stdio.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <tzfile.h>
41 #include "pathnames.h"
42 
43 #define	TTYGRPNAME	"tty"		/* name of group to own ttys */
44 
45 /*
46  * This bounds the time given to login.  Not a define so it can
47  * be patched on machines where it's too small.
48  */
49 int	timeout = 300;
50 #ifdef KERBEROS
51 int	notickets = 1;
52 #endif
53 
54 struct	passwd *pwd;
55 int	failures;
56 char	term[64], *envinit[1], *hostname, *username, *tty;
57 
58 main(argc, argv)
59 	int argc;
60 	char **argv;
61 {
62 	extern int optind;
63 	extern char *optarg, **environ;
64 	struct timeval tp;
65 	struct group *gr;
66 	register int ch;
67 	register char *p;
68 	int ask, fflag, hflag, pflag, cnt, uid;
69 	int quietlog, rval;
70 	char *domain, *salt, *ttyn;
71 	char tbuf[MAXPATHLEN + 2], tname[sizeof(_PATH_TTY) + 10];
72 	char localhost[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
73 	char *ctime(), *ttyname(), *stypeof(), *crypt(), *getpass();
74 	time_t time();
75 	off_t lseek();
76 	void timedout();
77 
78 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, timedout);
79 	(void)alarm((u_int)timeout);
80 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
81 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
82 	(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
83 
84 	openlog("login", LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
85 
86 	/*
87 	 * -p is used by getty to tell login not to destroy the environment
88  	 * -f is used to skip a second login authentication
89 	 * -h is used by other servers to pass the name of the remote
90 	 *    host to login so that it may be placed in utmp and wtmp
91 	 */
92 	domain = NULL;
93 	if (gethostname(localhost, sizeof(localhost)) < 0)
94 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "couldn't get local hostname: %m");
95 	else
96 		domain = index(localhost, '.');
97 
98 	fflag = hflag = pflag = 0;
99 	uid = getuid();
100 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fh:p")) != EOF)
101 		switch (ch) {
102 		case 'f':
103 			fflag = 1;
104 			break;
105 		case 'h':
106 			if (uid) {
107 				(void)fprintf(stderr,
108 				    "login: -h for super-user only.\n");
109 				exit(1);
110 			}
111 			hflag = 1;
112 			if (domain && (p = index(optarg, '.')) &&
113 			    strcasecmp(p, domain) == 0)
114 				*p = 0;
115 			hostname = optarg;
116 			break;
117 		case 'p':
118 			pflag = 1;
119 			break;
120 		case '?':
121 		default:
122 			if (!uid)
123 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "invalid flag %c", ch);
124 			(void)fprintf(stderr,
125 			    "usage: login [-fp] [username]\n");
126 			exit(1);
127 		}
128 	argc -= optind;
129 	argv += optind;
130 	if (*argv) {
131 		username = *argv;
132 		if (strlen(username) > UT_NAMESIZE)
133 			username[UT_NAMESIZE] = '\0';
134 		ask = 0;
135 	} else
136 		ask = 1;
137 
138 	for (cnt = getdtablesize(); cnt > 2; cnt--)
139 		close(cnt);
140 
141 	ttyn = ttyname(0);
142 	if (ttyn == NULL || *ttyn == '\0') {
143 		(void)sprintf(tname, "%s??", _PATH_TTY);
144 		ttyn = tname;
145 	}
146 	if (tty = rindex(ttyn, '/'))
147 		++tty;
148 	else
149 		tty = ttyn;
150 
151 	for (cnt = 0;; ask = 1) {
152 		if (ask) {
153 			fflag = 0;
154 			getloginname();
155 		}
156 		/*
157 		 * Note if trying multiple user names; log failures for
158 		 * previous user name, but don't bother logging one failure
159 		 * for nonexistent name (mistyped username).
160 		 */
161 		if (failures && strcmp(tbuf, username)) {
162 			if (failures > (pwd ? 0 : 1))
163 				badlogin(tbuf);
164 			failures = 0;
165 		}
166 		(void)strcpy(tbuf, username);
167 
168 		if (pwd = getpwnam(username))
169 			salt = pwd->pw_passwd;
170 		else
171 			salt = "xx";
172 
173 		/*
174 		 * if we have a valid account name, and it doesn't have a
175 		 * password, or the -f option was specified and the caller
176 		 * is root or the caller isn't changing their uid, don't
177 		 * authenticate.
178 		 */
179 		if (pwd && (*pwd->pw_passwd == '\0' ||
180 		    fflag && (uid == 0 || uid == pwd->pw_uid)))
181 			break;
182 		fflag = 0;
183 
184 		/*
185 		 * If trying to log in as root, but with insecure terminal,
186 		 * refuse the login attempt.
187 		 */
188 		if (pwd && pwd->pw_uid == 0 && !rootterm(tty)) {
189 			(void)fprintf(stderr,
190 			    "%s login refused on this terminal.\n",
191 			    pwd->pw_name);
192 			if (hostname)
193 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE,
194 				    "LOGIN %s REFUSED FROM %s ON TTY %s",
195 				    pwd->pw_name, hostname, tty);
196 			else
197 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE,
198 				    "LOGIN %s REFUSED ON TTY %s",
199 				     pwd->pw_name, tty);
200 			continue;
201 		}
202 
203 		(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -4);
204 
205 		p = getpass("Password:");
206 
207 		if (pwd) {
208 #ifdef KERBEROS
209 			rval = klogin(pwd, localhost, p);
210 			if (rval == 1)
211 				rval = strcmp(crypt(p, salt), pwd->pw_passwd);
212 #else
213 			rval = strcmp(crypt(p, salt), pwd->pw_passwd);
214 #endif
215 		}
216 		bzero(p, strlen(p));
217 
218 		(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
219 
220 		if (pwd && !rval)
221 			break;
222 
223 		(void)printf("Login incorrect\n");
224 		failures++;
225 		/* we allow 10 tries, but after 3 we start backing off */
226 		if (++cnt > 3) {
227 			if (cnt >= 10) {
228 				badlogin(username);
229 				sleepexit(1);
230 			}
231 			sleep((u_int)((cnt - 3) * 5));
232 		}
233 	}
234 
235 	/* committed to login -- turn off timeout */
236 	(void)alarm((u_int)0);
237 
238 	/* paranoia... */
239 	endpwent();
240 
241 	/* if user not super-user, check for disabled logins */
242 	if (pwd->pw_uid)
243 		checknologin();
244 
245 	if (chdir(pwd->pw_dir) < 0) {
246 		(void)printf("No directory %s!\n", pwd->pw_dir);
247 		if (chdir("/"))
248 			exit(0);
249 		pwd->pw_dir = "/";
250 		(void)printf("Logging in with home = \"/\".\n");
251 	}
252 
253 	quietlog = access(_PATH_HUSHLOGIN, F_OK) == 0;
254 
255 	if (pwd->pw_change || pwd->pw_expire)
256 		(void)gettimeofday(&tp, (struct timezone *)NULL);
257 	if (pwd->pw_change)
258 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_change) {
259 			(void)printf("Sorry -- your password has expired.\n");
260 			sleepexit(1);
261 		}
262 		else if (pwd->pw_change - tp.tv_sec <
263 		    2 * DAYSPERWEEK * SECSPERDAY && !quietlog)
264 			(void)printf("Warning: your password expires on %s",
265 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
266 	if (pwd->pw_expire)
267 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_expire) {
268 			(void)printf("Sorry -- your account has expired.\n");
269 			sleepexit(1);
270 		}
271 		else if (pwd->pw_expire - tp.tv_sec <
272 		    2 * DAYSPERWEEK * SECSPERDAY && !quietlog)
273 			(void)printf("Warning: your account expires on %s",
274 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
275 
276 	/* nothing else left to fail -- really log in */
277 	{
278 		struct utmp utmp;
279 
280 		bzero((void *)&utmp, sizeof(utmp));
281 		(void)time(&utmp.ut_time);
282 		strncpy(utmp.ut_name, username, sizeof(utmp.ut_name));
283 		if (hostname)
284 			strncpy(utmp.ut_host, hostname, sizeof(utmp.ut_host));
285 		strncpy(utmp.ut_line, tty, sizeof(utmp.ut_line));
286 		login(&utmp);
287 	}
288 
289 	dolastlog(quietlog);
290 
291 	(void)chown(ttyn, pwd->pw_uid,
292 	    (gr = getgrnam(TTYGRPNAME)) ? gr->gr_gid : pwd->pw_gid);
293 	(void)chmod(ttyn, 0620);
294 	(void)setgid(pwd->pw_gid);
295 
296 	initgroups(username, pwd->pw_gid);
297 
298 	if (*pwd->pw_shell == '\0')
299 		pwd->pw_shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
300 
301 	/* destroy environment unless user has requested preservation */
302 	if (!pflag)
303 		environ = envinit;
304 	(void)setenv("HOME", pwd->pw_dir, 1);
305 	(void)setenv("SHELL", pwd->pw_shell, 1);
306 	if (term[0] == '\0')
307 		strncpy(term, stypeof(tty), sizeof(term));
308 	(void)setenv("TERM", term, 0);
309 	(void)setenv("USER", pwd->pw_name, 1);
310 	(void)setenv("PATH", _PATH_DEFPATH, 0);
311 
312 	if (tty[sizeof("tty")-1] == 'd')
313 		syslog(LOG_INFO, "DIALUP %s, %s", tty, pwd->pw_name);
314 	/* if fflag is on, assume caller/authenticator has logged root login */
315 	if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && fflag == 0)
316 		if (hostname)
317 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN ON %s FROM %s",
318 			    tty, hostname);
319 		else
320 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN ON %s", tty);
321 
322 #ifdef KERBEROS
323 	if (!quietlog && notickets == 1)
324 		(void)printf("Warning: no Kerberos tickets issued.\n");
325 #endif
326 
327 	if (!quietlog) {
328 		struct stat st;
329 
330 		motd();
331 		(void)sprintf(tbuf, "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name);
332 		if (stat(tbuf, &st) == 0 && st.st_size != 0)
333 			(void)printf("You have %smail.\n",
334 			    (st.st_mtime > st.st_atime) ? "new " : "");
335 	}
336 
337 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
338 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
339 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
340 	(void)signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
341 
342 	tbuf[0] = '-';
343 	strcpy(tbuf + 1, (p = rindex(pwd->pw_shell, '/')) ?
344 	    p + 1 : pwd->pw_shell);
345 
346 	if (setlogin(pwd->pw_name) < 0)
347 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setlogin() failure: %m");
348 
349 	/* discard permissions last so can't get killed and drop core */
350 	(void)setuid(pwd->pw_uid);
351 
352 	execlp(pwd->pw_shell, tbuf, 0);
353 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "login: no shell: %s.\n", strerror(errno));
354 	exit(0);
355 }
356 
357 getloginname()
358 {
359 	register int ch;
360 	register char *p;
361 	static char nbuf[UT_NAMESIZE + 1];
362 
363 	for (;;) {
364 		(void)printf("login: ");
365 		for (p = nbuf; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; ) {
366 			if (ch == EOF) {
367 				badlogin(username);
368 				exit(0);
369 			}
370 			if (p < nbuf + UT_NAMESIZE)
371 				*p++ = ch;
372 		}
373 		if (p > nbuf)
374 			if (nbuf[0] == '-')
375 				(void)fprintf(stderr,
376 				    "login names may not start with '-'.\n");
377 			else {
378 				*p = '\0';
379 				username = nbuf;
380 				break;
381 			}
382 	}
383 }
384 
385 void
386 timedout()
387 {
388 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "Login timed out after %d seconds\n", timeout);
389 	exit(0);
390 }
391 
392 rootterm(ttyn)
393 	char *ttyn;
394 {
395 	struct ttyent *t;
396 
397 	return((t = getttynam(ttyn)) && t->ty_status&TTY_SECURE);
398 }
399 
400 jmp_buf motdinterrupt;
401 
402 motd()
403 {
404 	register int fd, nchars;
405 	sig_t oldint;
406 	void sigint();
407 	char tbuf[8192];
408 
409 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_MOTDFILE, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
410 		return;
411 	oldint = signal(SIGINT, sigint);
412 	if (setjmp(motdinterrupt) == 0)
413 		while ((nchars = read(fd, tbuf, sizeof(tbuf))) > 0)
414 			(void)write(fileno(stdout), tbuf, nchars);
415 	(void)signal(SIGINT, oldint);
416 	(void)close(fd);
417 }
418 
419 void
420 sigint()
421 {
422 	longjmp(motdinterrupt, 1);
423 }
424 
425 checknologin()
426 {
427 	register int fd, nchars;
428 	char tbuf[8192];
429 
430 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_NOLOGIN, O_RDONLY, 0)) >= 0) {
431 		while ((nchars = read(fd, tbuf, sizeof(tbuf))) > 0)
432 			(void)write(fileno(stdout), tbuf, nchars);
433 		sleepexit(0);
434 	}
435 }
436 
437 dolastlog(quiet)
438 	int quiet;
439 {
440 	struct lastlog ll;
441 	int fd;
442 	char *ctime();
443 
444 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_LASTLOG, O_RDWR, 0)) >= 0) {
445 		(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)pwd->pw_uid * sizeof(ll), L_SET);
446 		if (!quiet) {
447 			if (read(fd, (char *)&ll, sizeof(ll)) == sizeof(ll) &&
448 			    ll.ll_time != 0) {
449 				(void)printf("Last login: %.*s ",
450 				    24-5, (char *)ctime(&ll.ll_time));
451 				if (*ll.ll_host != '\0')
452 					(void)printf("from %.*s\n",
453 					    sizeof(ll.ll_host), ll.ll_host);
454 				else
455 					(void)printf("on %.*s\n",
456 					    sizeof(ll.ll_line), ll.ll_line);
457 			}
458 			(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)pwd->pw_uid * sizeof(ll), L_SET);
459 		}
460 		bzero((void *)&ll, sizeof(ll));
461 		(void)time(&ll.ll_time);
462 		strncpy(ll.ll_line, tty, sizeof(ll.ll_line));
463 		if (hostname)
464 			strncpy(ll.ll_host, hostname, sizeof(ll.ll_host));
465 		(void)write(fd, (char *)&ll, sizeof(ll));
466 		(void)close(fd);
467 	}
468 }
469 
470 badlogin(name)
471 	char *name;
472 {
473 	if (failures == 0)
474 		return;
475 	if (hostname) {
476 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s FROM %s",
477 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", hostname);
478 		syslog(LOG_AUTHPRIV|LOG_NOTICE,
479 		    "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s FROM %s, %s",
480 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", hostname, name);
481 	} else {
482 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s ON %s",
483 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", tty);
484 		syslog(LOG_AUTHPRIV|LOG_NOTICE,
485 		    "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s ON %s, %s",
486 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", tty, name);
487 	}
488 }
489 
490 #undef	UNKNOWN
491 #define	UNKNOWN	"su"
492 
493 char *
494 stypeof(ttyid)
495 	char *ttyid;
496 {
497 	struct ttyent *t;
498 
499 	return(ttyid && (t = getttynam(ttyid)) ? t->ty_type : UNKNOWN);
500 }
501 
502 sleepexit(eval)
503 	int eval;
504 {
505 	sleep((u_int)5);
506 	exit(eval);
507 }
508