xref: /original-bsd/usr.bin/login/login.c (revision 92ab646d)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1987, 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * %sccs.include.redist.c%
6  */
7 
8 #ifndef lint
9 char copyright[] =
10 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1987, 1988 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
11  All rights reserved.\n";
12 #endif /* not lint */
13 
14 #ifndef lint
15 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)login.c	5.63 (Berkeley) 06/29/90";
16 #endif /* not lint */
17 
18 /*
19  * login [ name ]
20  * login -h hostname	(for telnetd, etc.)
21  * login -f name	(for pre-authenticated login: datakit, xterm, etc.)
22  */
23 
24 #include <sys/param.h>
25 #include <sys/stat.h>
26 #include <sys/time.h>
27 #include <sys/resource.h>
28 #include <sys/file.h>
29 #include <sgtty.h>
30 
31 #include <utmp.h>
32 #include <signal.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <ttyent.h>
35 #include <syslog.h>
36 #include <grp.h>
37 #include <pwd.h>
38 #include <setjmp.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <tzfile.h>
42 #include "pathnames.h"
43 
44 #define	TTYGRPNAME	"tty"		/* name of group to own ttys */
45 
46 /*
47  * This bounds the time given to login.  Not a define so it can
48  * be patched on machines where it's too small.
49  */
50 int	timeout = 300;
51 #ifdef KERBEROS
52 int	notickets = 1;
53 #endif
54 
55 struct	passwd *pwd;
56 int	failures;
57 char	term[64], *envinit[1], *hostname, *username, *tty;
58 
59 main(argc, argv)
60 	int argc;
61 	char **argv;
62 {
63 	extern int optind;
64 	extern char *optarg, **environ;
65 	struct timeval tp;
66 	struct group *gr;
67 	register int ch;
68 	register char *p;
69 	int ask, fflag, hflag, pflag, cnt, uid;
70 	int quietlog, rval;
71 	char *domain, *salt, *ttyn;
72 	char tbuf[MAXPATHLEN + 2], tname[sizeof(_PATH_TTY) + 10];
73 	char localhost[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
74 	char *ctime(), *ttyname(), *stypeof(), *crypt(), *getpass();
75 	time_t time();
76 	off_t lseek();
77 	void timedout();
78 
79 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, timedout);
80 	(void)alarm((u_int)timeout);
81 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
82 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
83 	(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
84 
85 	openlog("login", LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
86 
87 	/*
88 	 * -p is used by getty to tell login not to destroy the environment
89  	 * -f is used to skip a second login authentication
90 	 * -h is used by other servers to pass the name of the remote
91 	 *    host to login so that it may be placed in utmp and wtmp
92 	 */
93 	domain = NULL;
94 	if (gethostname(localhost, sizeof(localhost)) < 0)
95 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "couldn't get local hostname: %m");
96 	else
97 		domain = index(localhost, '.');
98 
99 	fflag = hflag = pflag = 0;
100 	uid = getuid();
101 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fh:p")) != EOF)
102 		switch (ch) {
103 		case 'f':
104 			fflag = 1;
105 			break;
106 		case 'h':
107 			if (uid) {
108 				(void)fprintf(stderr,
109 				    "login: -h for super-user only.\n");
110 				exit(1);
111 			}
112 			hflag = 1;
113 			if (domain && (p = index(optarg, '.')) &&
114 			    strcasecmp(p, domain) == 0)
115 				*p = 0;
116 			hostname = optarg;
117 			break;
118 		case 'p':
119 			pflag = 1;
120 			break;
121 		case '?':
122 		default:
123 			if (!uid)
124 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "invalid flag %c", ch);
125 			(void)fprintf(stderr,
126 			    "usage: login [-fp] [username]\n");
127 			exit(1);
128 		}
129 	argc -= optind;
130 	argv += optind;
131 	if (*argv) {
132 		username = *argv;
133 		if (strlen(username) > UT_NAMESIZE)
134 			username[UT_NAMESIZE] = '\0';
135 		ask = 0;
136 	} else
137 		ask = 1;
138 
139 	for (cnt = getdtablesize(); cnt > 2; cnt--)
140 		close(cnt);
141 
142 	ttyn = ttyname(0);
143 	if (ttyn == NULL || *ttyn == '\0') {
144 		(void)sprintf(tname, "%s??", _PATH_TTY);
145 		ttyn = tname;
146 	}
147 	if (tty = rindex(ttyn, '/'))
148 		++tty;
149 	else
150 		tty = ttyn;
151 
152 	for (cnt = 0;; ask = 1) {
153 		if (ask) {
154 			fflag = 0;
155 			getloginname();
156 		}
157 		/*
158 		 * Note if trying multiple user names; log failures for
159 		 * previous user name, but don't bother logging one failure
160 		 * for nonexistent name (mistyped username).
161 		 */
162 		if (failures && strcmp(tbuf, username)) {
163 			if (failures > (pwd ? 0 : 1))
164 				badlogin(tbuf);
165 			failures = 0;
166 		}
167 		(void)strcpy(tbuf, username);
168 
169 		if (pwd = getpwnam(username))
170 			salt = pwd->pw_passwd;
171 		else
172 			salt = "xx";
173 
174 		/*
175 		 * if we have a valid account name, and it doesn't have a
176 		 * password, or the -f option was specified and the caller
177 		 * is root or the caller isn't changing their uid, don't
178 		 * authenticate.
179 		 */
180 		if (pwd && (*pwd->pw_passwd == '\0' ||
181 		    fflag && (uid == 0 || uid == pwd->pw_uid)))
182 			break;
183 		fflag = 0;
184 
185 		/*
186 		 * If trying to log in as root, but with insecure terminal,
187 		 * refuse the login attempt.
188 		 */
189 		if (pwd && pwd->pw_uid == 0 && !rootterm(tty)) {
190 			(void)fprintf(stderr,
191 			    "%s login refused on this terminal.\n",
192 			    pwd->pw_name);
193 			if (hostname)
194 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE,
195 				    "LOGIN %s REFUSED FROM %s ON TTY %s",
196 				    pwd->pw_name, hostname, tty);
197 			else
198 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE,
199 				    "LOGIN %s REFUSED ON TTY %s",
200 				     pwd->pw_name, tty);
201 			continue;
202 		}
203 
204 		(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -4);
205 
206 		p = getpass("Password:");
207 
208 		if (pwd) {
209 #ifdef KERBEROS
210 			rval = klogin(pwd, localhost, p);
211 			if (rval == 1)
212 				rval = strcmp(crypt(p, salt), pwd->pw_passwd);
213 #else
214 			rval = strcmp(crypt(p, salt), pwd->pw_passwd);
215 #endif
216 		}
217 		bzero(p, strlen(p));
218 
219 		(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, 0);
220 
221 		if (pwd && !rval)
222 			break;
223 
224 		(void)printf("Login incorrect\n");
225 		failures++;
226 		/* we allow 10 tries, but after 3 we start backing off */
227 		if (++cnt > 3) {
228 			if (cnt >= 10) {
229 				badlogin(username);
230 				sleepexit(1);
231 			}
232 			sleep((u_int)((cnt - 3) * 5));
233 		}
234 	}
235 
236 	/* committed to login -- turn off timeout */
237 	(void)alarm((u_int)0);
238 
239 	/* paranoia... */
240 	endpwent();
241 
242 	/* if user not super-user, check for disabled logins */
243 	if (pwd->pw_uid)
244 		checknologin();
245 
246 	if (chdir(pwd->pw_dir) < 0) {
247 		(void)printf("No directory %s!\n", pwd->pw_dir);
248 		if (chdir("/"))
249 			exit(0);
250 		pwd->pw_dir = "/";
251 		(void)printf("Logging in with home = \"/\".\n");
252 	}
253 
254 	quietlog = access(_PATH_HUSHLOGIN, F_OK) == 0;
255 
256 	if (pwd->pw_change || pwd->pw_expire)
257 		(void)gettimeofday(&tp, (struct timezone *)NULL);
258 	if (pwd->pw_change)
259 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_change) {
260 			(void)printf("Sorry -- your password has expired.\n");
261 			sleepexit(1);
262 		}
263 		else if (pwd->pw_change - tp.tv_sec <
264 		    2 * DAYSPERWEEK * SECSPERDAY && !quietlog)
265 			(void)printf("Warning: your password expires on %s",
266 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
267 	if (pwd->pw_expire)
268 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_expire) {
269 			(void)printf("Sorry -- your account has expired.\n");
270 			sleepexit(1);
271 		}
272 		else if (pwd->pw_expire - tp.tv_sec <
273 		    2 * DAYSPERWEEK * SECSPERDAY && !quietlog)
274 			(void)printf("Warning: your account expires on %s",
275 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
276 
277 	/* nothing else left to fail -- really log in */
278 	{
279 		struct utmp utmp;
280 
281 		bzero((void *)&utmp, sizeof(utmp));
282 		(void)time(&utmp.ut_time);
283 		strncpy(utmp.ut_name, username, sizeof(utmp.ut_name));
284 		if (hostname)
285 			strncpy(utmp.ut_host, hostname, sizeof(utmp.ut_host));
286 		strncpy(utmp.ut_line, tty, sizeof(utmp.ut_line));
287 		login(&utmp);
288 	}
289 
290 	dolastlog(quietlog);
291 
292 	(void)chown(ttyn, pwd->pw_uid,
293 	    (gr = getgrnam(TTYGRPNAME)) ? gr->gr_gid : pwd->pw_gid);
294 	(void)chmod(ttyn, 0620);
295 	(void)setgid(pwd->pw_gid);
296 
297 	initgroups(username, pwd->pw_gid);
298 
299 	if (*pwd->pw_shell == '\0')
300 		pwd->pw_shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
301 
302 	/* destroy environment unless user has requested preservation */
303 	if (!pflag)
304 		environ = envinit;
305 	(void)setenv("HOME", pwd->pw_dir, 1);
306 	(void)setenv("SHELL", pwd->pw_shell, 1);
307 	if (term[0] == '\0')
308 		strncpy(term, stypeof(tty), sizeof(term));
309 	(void)setenv("TERM", term, 0);
310 	(void)setenv("USER", pwd->pw_name, 1);
311 	(void)setenv("PATH", _PATH_DEFPATH, 0);
312 
313 	if (tty[sizeof("tty")-1] == 'd')
314 		syslog(LOG_INFO, "DIALUP %s, %s", tty, pwd->pw_name);
315 	/* if fflag is on, assume caller/authenticator has logged root login */
316 	if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && fflag == 0)
317 		if (hostname)
318 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN ON %s FROM %s",
319 			    tty, hostname);
320 		else
321 			syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "ROOT LOGIN ON %s", tty);
322 
323 #ifdef KERBEROS
324 	if (!quietlog && notickets == 1)
325 		(void)printf("Warning: no Kerberos tickets issued.\n");
326 #endif
327 
328 	if (!quietlog) {
329 		struct stat st;
330 
331 		motd();
332 		(void)sprintf(tbuf, "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name);
333 		if (stat(tbuf, &st) == 0 && st.st_size != 0)
334 			(void)printf("You have %smail.\n",
335 			    (st.st_mtime > st.st_atime) ? "new " : "");
336 	}
337 
338 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
339 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
340 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
341 	(void)signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
342 
343 	tbuf[0] = '-';
344 	strcpy(tbuf + 1, (p = rindex(pwd->pw_shell, '/')) ?
345 	    p + 1 : pwd->pw_shell);
346 
347 	if (setlogin(pwd->pw_name) < 0)
348 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setlogin() failure: %m");
349 
350 	/* discard permissions last so can't get killed and drop core */
351 	(void)setuid(pwd->pw_uid);
352 
353 	execlp(pwd->pw_shell, tbuf, 0);
354 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "login: no shell: %s.\n", strerror(errno));
355 	exit(0);
356 }
357 
358 getloginname()
359 {
360 	register int ch;
361 	register char *p;
362 	static char nbuf[UT_NAMESIZE + 1];
363 
364 	for (;;) {
365 		(void)printf("login: ");
366 		for (p = nbuf; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; ) {
367 			if (ch == EOF) {
368 				badlogin(username);
369 				exit(0);
370 			}
371 			if (p < nbuf + UT_NAMESIZE)
372 				*p++ = ch;
373 		}
374 		if (p > nbuf)
375 			if (nbuf[0] == '-')
376 				(void)fprintf(stderr,
377 				    "login names may not start with '-'.\n");
378 			else {
379 				*p = '\0';
380 				username = nbuf;
381 				break;
382 			}
383 	}
384 }
385 
386 void
387 timedout()
388 {
389 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "Login timed out after %d seconds\n", timeout);
390 	exit(0);
391 }
392 
393 rootterm(ttyn)
394 	char *ttyn;
395 {
396 	struct ttyent *t;
397 
398 	return((t = getttynam(ttyn)) && t->ty_status&TTY_SECURE);
399 }
400 
401 jmp_buf motdinterrupt;
402 
403 motd()
404 {
405 	register int fd, nchars;
406 	sig_t oldint;
407 	int sigint();
408 	char tbuf[8192];
409 
410 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_MOTDFILE, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
411 		return;
412 	oldint = signal(SIGINT, sigint);
413 	if (setjmp(motdinterrupt) == 0)
414 		while ((nchars = read(fd, tbuf, sizeof(tbuf))) > 0)
415 			(void)write(fileno(stdout), tbuf, nchars);
416 	(void)signal(SIGINT, oldint);
417 	(void)close(fd);
418 }
419 
420 sigint()
421 {
422 	longjmp(motdinterrupt, 1);
423 }
424 
425 checknologin()
426 {
427 	register int fd, nchars;
428 	char tbuf[8192];
429 
430 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_NOLOGIN, O_RDONLY, 0)) >= 0) {
431 		while ((nchars = read(fd, tbuf, sizeof(tbuf))) > 0)
432 			(void)write(fileno(stdout), tbuf, nchars);
433 		sleepexit(0);
434 	}
435 }
436 
437 dolastlog(quiet)
438 	int quiet;
439 {
440 	struct lastlog ll;
441 	int fd;
442 	char *ctime();
443 
444 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_LASTLOG, O_RDWR, 0)) >= 0) {
445 		(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)pwd->pw_uid * sizeof(ll), L_SET);
446 		if (!quiet) {
447 			if (read(fd, (char *)&ll, sizeof(ll)) == sizeof(ll) &&
448 			    ll.ll_time != 0) {
449 				(void)printf("Last login: %.*s ",
450 				    24-5, (char *)ctime(&ll.ll_time));
451 				if (*ll.ll_host != '\0')
452 					(void)printf("from %.*s\n",
453 					    sizeof(ll.ll_host), ll.ll_host);
454 				else
455 					(void)printf("on %.*s\n",
456 					    sizeof(ll.ll_line), ll.ll_line);
457 			}
458 			(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)pwd->pw_uid * sizeof(ll), L_SET);
459 		}
460 		bzero((void *)&ll, sizeof(ll));
461 		(void)time(&ll.ll_time);
462 		strncpy(ll.ll_line, tty, sizeof(ll.ll_line));
463 		if (hostname)
464 			strncpy(ll.ll_host, hostname, sizeof(ll.ll_host));
465 		(void)write(fd, (char *)&ll, sizeof(ll));
466 		(void)close(fd);
467 	}
468 }
469 
470 badlogin(name)
471 	char *name;
472 {
473 	if (failures == 0)
474 		return;
475 	if (hostname)
476 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s FROM %s, %s",
477 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", hostname, name);
478 	else
479 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%d LOGIN FAILURE%s ON %s, %s",
480 		    failures, failures > 1 ? "S" : "", tty, name);
481 }
482 
483 #undef	UNKNOWN
484 #define	UNKNOWN	"su"
485 
486 char *
487 stypeof(ttyid)
488 	char *ttyid;
489 {
490 	struct ttyent *t;
491 
492 	return(ttyid && (t = getttynam(ttyid)) ? t->ty_type : UNKNOWN);
493 }
494 
495 sleepexit(eval)
496 	int eval;
497 {
498 	sleep((u_int)5);
499 	exit(eval);
500 }
501