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@(#)puman1.n 8.2 (Berkeley) 05/25/94
.so tmac.p \} 'nr H1 0 Sources of information
This section lists the resources available for information about general features of X , text editing, the Pascal language, and the P implementation, concluding with a list of references. The available documents include both so-called standard documents - those distributed with all X system - and documents (such as this one) written at Berkeley. Where to get documentation
Current documentation for most of the X system is available ``on line'' at your terminal. Details on getting such documentation interactively are given in section 1.3. Documentation describing UNIX
The following documents are those recommended as tutorial and reference material about the X system. We give the documents with the introductory and tutorial materials first, the reference materials last.
UNIX For Beginners - Second EditionThis document is the basic tutorial for X available with the standard system.
Communicating with UNIXThis is also a basic tutorial on the system and assumes no previous familiarity with computers; it was written at Berkeley.
An introduction to the C shellThis document introduces csh, the shell in common use at Berkeley, and provides a good deal of general description about the way in which the system functions. It provides a useful glossary of terms used in discussing the system.
UNIX Programmer's ManualThis manual is the major source of details on the components of the X system. It consists of an Introduction, a permuted index, and eight command sections. Section 1 consists of descriptions of most of the ``commands'' of X . Most of the other sections have limited relevance to the user of Berkeley Pascal, being of interest mainly to system programmers.
U\s-2NIX\s0 documentation often refers the reader to sections of the manual. Such a reference consists of a command name and a section number or name. An example of such a reference would be: ed (1). Here ed is a command name - the standard X text editor, and `(1)' indicates that its documentation is in section 1 of the manual.
The pieces of the Berkeley Pascal system are pi (1), .X (1), the combined Pascal translator and interpretive executor (1), the Pascal compiler
C (1), the Pascal execution profiler .XP (1), and the Pascal cross-reference generator pxref (1).
It is possible to obtain a copy of a manual section by using the man (1) command. To get the Pascal documentation just described one could issue the command: .LS % \*bman pi .LE to the shell. The user input here is shown in "bold face" ; the `% ', which was printed by the shell as a prompt, is not. Similarly the command: .LS % \*bman man .LE asks the man command to describe itself. Text editing documents
The following documents introduce the various X text editors. Most Berkeley users use a version of the text editor ex; either edit, which is a version of ex for new and casual users, ex itself, or vi (visual) which focuses on the display editing portion of ex.
A Tutorial Introduction to the UNIX Text EditorThis document, written by Brian Kernighan of Bell Laboratories, is a tutorial for the standard X text editor ed. It introduces you to the basics of text editing, and provides enough information to meet day-to-day editing needs, for ed users.
Ex Reference Manual - Version 3.7A complete reference on the features of ex and edit.
An Introduction to Display Editing with ViVi is a display oriented text editor. It can be used on most any \s-2CRT\s0 terminal, and uses the screen as a window into the file you are editing. Changes you make to the file are reflected in what you see. This manual serves both as an introduction to editing with vi and a reference manual.
Vi Reference ManualThis document summarizes the features of the nvi and nex editors distributed with 4.4BSD in a concise but complete fashion. The vi manual page is a shorter reference for these editors and also includes a minimal introduction on how to use them.
The Jove EditorJove is a small, self-documenting, customizable display editor, based on EMACS. A plausible alternative to vi. Pascal documents - The language
This section describes the documents on the Pascal language which are likely to be most useful to the Berkeley Pascal user. Complete references for these documents are given in section 1.7.
Pascal User ManualBy Kathleen Jensen and Niklaus Wirth, the "User Manual" provides a tutorial introduction to the features of the language Pascal, and serves as an excellent quick-reference to the language. The reader with no familiarity with Algol-like languages may prefer one of the Pascal text books listed below, as they provide more examples and explanation. Particularly important here are pages 116-118 which define the syntax of the language. Sections 13 and 14 and Appendix F pertain only to the 6000-3.4 implementation of Pascal.
Pascal ReportBy Niklaus Wirth, this document is bound with the "User Manual." It is the guiding reference for implementors and the fundamental definition of the language. Some programmers find this report too concise to be of practical use, preferring the "User Manual" as a reference.
Books on PascalSeveral good books which teach Pascal or use it as a medium are available. The books by Wirth "Systematic Programming" and "Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs" use Pascal as a vehicle for teaching programming and data structure concepts respectively. They are both recommended. Other books on Pascal are listed in the references below. Pascal documents - The Berkeley Implementation
This section describes the documentation which is available describing the Berkeley implementation of Pascal.
User's ManualThe document you are reading is the "User's Manual" for P . We often refer the reader to the Jensen-Wirth "User Manual" mentioned above, a different document with a similar name.
Manual sectionsThe sections relating to Pascal in the "UNIX Programmer's Manual" are (1),
I (1),
C (1), .X (1), pxp (1), and pxref (1). These sections give a description of each program, summarize the available options, indicate files used by the program, give basic information on the diagnostics produced and include a list of known bugs.
Implementation notesFor those interested in the internal organization of the Berkeley Pascal system there are a series of "Implementation Notes" describing these details. The "Berkeley Pascal PXP Implementation Notes" describe the Pascal interpreter .X \|; and the "Berkeley Pascal PX Implementation Notes" describe the structure of the execution profiler pxp . These documents are not reproduced in these manuals; they are available on the CD-ROM in /usr/src/share/doc/papers .
References
'nf .. UNIX Documents .re William Joy "Ex Reference Manual - Version 3.7" 4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents (USD), 12 University of California, Berkeley, CA. 94720 April, 1994. .re William Joy "An Introduction to Display Editing with Vi" 4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents (USD), 11 University of California, Berkeley, CA. 94720 April, 1994. .re William Joy "An Introduction to the C shell (Revised)" 4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents (USD), 4 University of California, Berkeley, CA. 94720 April, 1994. .re Brian W. Kernighan "UNIX for Beginners - Second Edition" 4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents (USD), 1 University of California, Berkeley, CA. 94720 April, 1994. .re Brian W. Kernighan "A Tutorial Introduction to the UNIX Text Editor" 4.4BSD User's Supplementary Documents (USD), 9 University of California, Berkeley, CA. 94720 April, 1994. .re Dennis M. Ritchie and Ken Thompson "The UNIX Time Sharing System" Reprinted from Communications of the ACM July 1974 in 4.4BSD Programmer's Supplementary Documents (PSD), 1 University of California, Berkeley, CA. 94720 April, 1994. Pascal Language Documents .re Cooper and Clancy "Oh! Pascal!, 2nd Edition" W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 500 Fifth Ave., NY, NY. 10110 1985, 475 pp. .re Cooper "Standard Pascal User Reference Manual" W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 500 Fifth Ave., NY, NY. 10110 1983, 176 pp. .re Kathleen Jensen and Niklaus Wirth "Pascal - User Manual and Report" Springer-Verlag, New York. 1975, 167 pp. .re Niklaus Wirth "Algorithms + Data structures = Programs" Prentice-Hall, New York. 1976, 366 pp.