1.\" Copyright (c) 1991 Keith Muller. 2.\" Copyright (c) 1993 3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego. 7.\" 8.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 9.\" 10.\" @(#)pr.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 04/18/94 11.\" 12.Dd 13.Dt PR 1 14.Os BSD 4.4 15.Sh NAME 16.Nm pr 17.Nd print files 18.Sh SYNOPSIS 19.Nm pr 20.Bk -words 21.Op Ar \&+page 22.Ek 23.Bk -words 24.Op Fl Ar column 25.Ek 26.Op Fl adFmrt 27.Bk -words 28.Oo 29.Op Fl e 30.Op Ar char 31.Op Ar gap 32.Oc 33.Ek 34.Bk -words 35.Op Fl h Ar header 36.Ek 37.Bk -words 38.Oo 39.Op Fl i 40.Op Ar char 41.Op Ar gap 42.Oc 43.Ek 44.Bk -words 45.Op Fl l Ar lines 46.Ek 47.Bk -words 48.Op Fl o Ar offset 49.Ek 50.Bk -words 51.Oo 52.Op Fl s 53.Op Ar char 54.Oc 55.Ek 56.Bk -words 57.Oo 58.Op Fl n 59.Op Ar char 60.Op Ar width 61.Oc 62.Ek 63.Bk -words 64.Op Fl w Ar width 65.Ek 66.Op - 67.Op Ar file ... 68.Sh DESCRIPTION 69The 70.Nm pr 71utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files. 72When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, 73and written to standard output. 74By default, the input is separated into 66-line pages, each with 75.sp 76.in +2 77.ti -2 78\(bu A 5-line header with the page number, date, time, and 79the pathname of the file. 80.sp 81.ti -2 82\(bu A 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines. 83.in -2 84.Pp 85If standard output is associated with a terminal, 86diagnostic messages are suppressed until the 87.Nm pr 88utility has completed processing. 89.Pp 90When multiple column output is specified, 91text columns are of equal width. 92By default text columns are separated by at least one 93.Em <blank>. 94Input lines that do not fit into a text column are truncated. 95Lines are not truncated under single column output. 96.Sh OPTIONS 97.Pp 98In the following option descriptions, column, lines, offset, page, and 99width are positive decimal integers and gap is a nonnegative decimal integer. 100.Bl -tag -width 4n 101.It Ar \&+page 102Begin output at page number 103.Ar page 104of the formatted input. 105.It Fl Ar column 106Produce output that is 107.Ar columns 108wide (default is 1) that is written vertically 109down each column in the order in which the text 110is received from the input file. 111The options 112.Fl e 113and 114.Fl i 115are assumed. 116This option should not be used with 117.Fl m . 118When used with 119.Fl t , 120the minimum number of lines is used to display the output. 121.It Fl a 122Modify the effect of the 123.Fl column 124option so that the columns are filled across the page in a round-robin order 125(e.g., when column is 2, the first input line heads column 1261, the second heads column 2, the third is the second line 127in column 1, etc.). 128This option requires the use of the 129.Fl column 130option. 131.It Fl d 132Produce output that is double spaced. An extra 133.Em <newline> 134character is output following every <newline> found in the input. 135.It Fl e Ar \&[char\&]\&[gap\&] 136Expand each input <tab> to the next greater column 137position specified by the formula 138.Ar n*gap+1 , 139where 140.Em n 141is an integer > 0. 142If 143.Ar gap 144is zero or is omitted the default is 8. 145All 146.Em <tab> 147characters in the input are expanded into the appropriate 148number of 149.Em <space>s . 150If any nondigit character, 151.Ar char , 152is specified, it is used as the input tab character. 153.It Fl F 154Use a 155.Em <form-feed> 156character for new pages, 157instead of the default behavior that uses a 158sequence o 159.Em <newline> 160characters. 161.It Fl h Ar header 162.Ar header 163Use the string 164.Ar header 165to replace the 166.Ar file name 167in the header line. 168.It Fl i Ar \&[char\&]\&[gap\&] 169In output, replace multiple <space>s with <tab>s whenever two or more 170adjacent <space>s reach column positions 171.Ar gap+1 , 172.Ar 2*gap+1 , 173etc. 174If 175.Ar gap 176is zero or omitted, default 177.Em <tab> 178settings at every eighth column position 179is used. 180If any nondigit character, 181.Ar char , 182is specified, it is used as the output 183.Em <tab> 184character. 185.It Fl l Ar lines 186Override the 66 line default and reset the page length to 187.Ar lines. 188If 189.Ar lines 190is not greater than the sum of both the header and trailer 191depths (in lines), the 192.Nm pr 193utility suppresses output of both the header and trailer, as if the 194.Fl t 195option were in effect. 196.It Fl m 197Merge the contents of multiple files. 198One line from each file specified by a file operand is 199written side by side into text columns of equal fixed widths, in 200terms of the number of column positions. 201The number of text columns depends on the number of 202file operands successfully opened. 203The maximum number of files merged depends on page width and the 204per process open file limit. 205The options 206.Fl e 207and 208.Fl i 209are assumed. 210.It Fl n Ar \&[char\&]\&[width\&] 211Provide 212.Ar width 213digit line numbering. 214The default for 215.Ar width , 216if not specified, is 5. 217The number occupies the first 218.Ar width 219column positions of each text column or each line of 220.Fl m 221output. 222If 223.Ar char 224(any nondigit character) is given, it is appended to the line number to 225separate it from whatever follows. The default for 226.Ar char 227is a 228.Em <tab> . 229Line numbers longer than 230.Ar width 231columns are truncated. 232.It Fl o Ar offset 233Each line of output is preceded by 234.Ar offset 235.Em <spaces>s . 236If the 237.FL o 238option is not specified, the default is zero. 239The space taken is in addition to the output line width. 240.It Fl r 241Write no diagnostic reports on failure to open a file. 242.It Fl s Ar char 243Separate text columns by the single character 244.Ar char 245instead of by the appropriate number of 246.Em <space>s 247(default for 248.Ar char 249is the 250.Em <tab> 251character). 252.It Fl t 253Print neither the five-line identifying 254header nor the five-line trailer usually supplied for each page. 255Quit printing after the last line of each file without spacing to the 256end of the page. 257.It Fl w Ar width 258Set the width of the line to 259.Ar width 260column positions for multiple text-column output only. 261If the 262.Fl w 263option is not specified and the 264.Fl s 265option is not specified, the default width is 72. 266If the 267.Fl w 268option is not specified and the 269.Fl s 270option is specified, the default width is 512. 271.It Ar file 272A pathname of a file to be printed. 273If no 274.Ar file 275operands are specified, or if a 276.Ar file 277operand is 278.Sq Fl , 279the standard input is used. 280The standard input is used only if no 281.Ar file 282operands are specified, or if a 283.Ar file 284operand is 285.Sq Fl . 286.El 287.Pp 288The 289.Fl s 290option does not allow the option letter to be separated from its 291argument, and the options 292.Fl e , 293.Fl i , 294and 295.Fl n 296require that both arguments, if present, not be separated from the option 297letter. 298.Sh ERRORS 299.Pp 300If 301.Nm pr 302receives an interrupt while printing to a terminal, it 303flushes all accumulated error messages to the screen before 304terminating. 305.Pp 306The 307.Nm pr 308utility exits 0 on success, and 1 if an error occurs. 309.Pp 310Error messages are written to standard error during the printing 311process (if output is redirected) or after all successful 312file printing is complete (when printing to a terminal). 313.Sh SEE ALSO 314.Xr cat 1 , 315.Xr more 1 316.Sh STANDARDS 317The 318.Nm pr 319utility is 320.St -p1003.2 321compatible. 322