1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)tip.1 6.6 (Berkeley) 07/24/90 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt TIP 1 10.Os BSD 4 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm tip , 13.Nm cu 14.Nd connect to a remote system 15.Sh SYNOPSIS 16.Nm tip 17.Op Fl v 18.Cx Fl 19.Ar speed 20.Cx 21.Ar system\-name 22.Nm tip 23.Op Fl v 24.Cx Fl 25.Ar speed 26.Cx 27.Ar phone\-number 28.Nm cu 29.Ar phone\-number 30.Op Fl t 31.Op Fl s Ar speed 32.Op Fl a Ar acu 33.Op Fl l Ar line 34.Op Fl # 35.Sh DESCRIPTION 36.Nm Tip 37and 38.Ar cu 39establish a full-duplex connection to another machine, 40giving the appearance of being logged in directly on the 41remote cpu. It goes without saying that you must have a login 42on the machine (or equivalent) to which you wish to connect. 43The preferred interface is 44.Nm tip . 45The 46.Ar cu 47interface is included for those people attached to the 48``call UNIX'' command of version 7. This manual page 49describes only 50.Nm tip . 51.Pp 52Available Option: 53.Tw Ds 54.Tp Fl v 55Set verbose mode. 56.Tp 57.Pp 58Typed characters are normally transmitted directly to the remote 59machine (which does the echoing as well). A tilde (`~') appearing 60as the first character of a line is an escape signal; the following 61are recognized: 62.Tw Ds 63.Tp Ic \&~^D \&~ . 64Drop the connection and exit 65(you may still be logged in on the 66remote machine). 67.Pp 68.Tp Cx Ic \&~c 69.Cx \&\ \& 70.Op Ar name 71.Cx 72Change directory to 73.Ar name 74(no argument 75implies change to your home directory). 76.Tp Ic \&~! 77Escape to a shell (exiting the shell will 78return you to tip). 79.Tp Ic \&~> 80Copy file from local to remote. 81.Nm Tip 82prompts for the name of a local file to transmit. 83.Tp Ic \&~< 84Copy file from remote to local. 85.Nm Tip 86prompts first for the name of the file to be sent, then for 87a command to be executed on the remote machine. 88.Tp Cx Ic \&~p 89.Cx \&\ \& 90.Ar from 91.Cx \&\ \& 92.Op Ar to 93.Cx 94Send a file to a remote UNIX host. The put command causes the remote UNIX 95system to run the command string ``cat > 'to''', while 96.Nm tip 97sends it the ``from'' 98file. If the ``to'' file isn't specified the ``from'' file name is used. 99This command is actually a UNIX specific version of the ``~>'' command. 100.Tp Cx Ic \&~t 101.Cx \&\ \& 102.Ar from 103.Cx \&\ \& 104.Op Ar to 105.Cx 106Take a file from a remote UNIX host. 107As in the put command the ``to'' file 108defaults to the ``from'' file name if it isn't specified. 109The remote host 110executes the command string ``cat 'from';echo ^A'' to send the file to 111.Nm tip . 112.Tp Ic \&~ 113Pipe the output from a remote command to a local UNIX process. 114The command string sent to the local UNIX system is processed by the shell. 115.Tp Ic \&~$ 116Pipe the output from a local UNIX process to the remote host. 117The command string sent to the local UNIX system is processed by the shell. 118.Tp Ic \&~# 119Send a BREAK to the remote system. 120For systems which don't support the 121necessary 122.Ar ioctl 123call the break is simulated by a sequence of line speed changes 124and DEL characters. 125.Tp Ic \&~s 126Set a variable (see the discussion below). 127.Tp Ic \&~^Z 128Stop 129.Nm tip 130(only available with job control). 131.Tp Ic \&~^Y 132Stop only the ``local side'' of 133.Nm tip 134(only available with job control); 135the ``remote side'' of 136.Nm tip , 137the side that displays output from the remote host, is left running. 138.Tp Ic \&~? 139Get a summary of the tilde escapes 140.Tp 141.Pp 142.Nm Tip 143uses the file 144.Pa /etc/remote 145to find how to reach a particular 146system and to find out how it should operate while talking 147to the system; 148refer to 149.Xr remote 5 150for a full description. 151Each system has a default baud rate with which to 152establish a connection. If this value is not suitable, the baud rate 153to be used may be specified on the command line, e.g. ``tip -300 mds''. 154.Pp 155When 156.Nm tip 157establishes a connection it sends out a 158connection message to the remote system; the default value, if any, 159is defined in 160.Pa /etc/remote 161(see 162.Xr remote 5 ) . 163.Pp 164When 165.Nm tip 166prompts for an argument (e.g. during setup of 167a file transfer) the line typed may be edited with the standard 168erase and kill characters. A null line in response to a prompt, 169or an interrupt, will abort the dialogue and return you to the 170remote machine. 171.Pp 172.Nm Tip 173guards against multiple users connecting to a remote system 174by opening modems and terminal lines with exclusive access, 175and by honoring the locking protocol used by 176.Xr uucp 1 . 177.Pp 178During file transfers 179.Nm tip 180provides a running count of the number of lines transferred. 181When using the ~> and ~< commands, the ``eofread'' and ``eofwrite'' 182variables are used to recognize end-of-file when reading, and 183specify end-of-file when writing (see below). File transfers 184normally depend on tandem mode for flow control. If the remote 185system does not support tandem mode, ``echocheck'' may be set 186to indicate 187.Nm tip 188should synchronize with the remote system on the echo of each 189transmitted character. 190.Pp 191When 192.Nm tip 193must dial a phone number to connect to a system it will print 194various messages indicating its actions. 195.Nm Tip 196supports the DEC DN-11 and Racal-Vadic 831 auto-call-units; 197the DEC DF02 and DF03, Ventel 212+, Racal-Vadic 3451, and 198Bizcomp 1031 and 1032 integral call unit/modems. 199.Ss VARIABLES 200.Nm Tip 201maintains a set of 202.Ar variables 203which control its operation. 204Some of these variable are read-only to normal users (root is allowed 205to change anything of interest). Variables may be displayed 206and set through the ``s'' escape. The syntax for variables is patterned 207after 208.Xr vi 1 209and 210.Xr Mail 1 . 211Supplying ``all'' 212as an argument to the set command displays all variables readable by 213the user. Alternatively, the user may request display of a particular 214variable by attaching a `?' to the end. For example ``escape?'' 215displays the current escape character. 216.Pp 217Variables are numeric, string, character, or boolean values. Boolean 218variables are set merely by specifying their name; they may be reset 219by prepending a `!' to the name. Other variable types are set by 220concatenating an `=' and the value. The entire assignment must not 221have any blanks in it. A single set command may be used to interrogate 222as well as set a number of variables. 223Variables may be initialized at run time by placing set commands 224(without the ``~s'' prefix in a file 225.Pa .tiprc 226in one's home directory). The 227.Fl v 228option causes 229.Nm tip 230to display the sets as they are made. 231Certain common variables have abbreviations. 232The following is a list of common variables, 233their abbreviations, and their default values. 234.Tw Ar 235.Tp Ar beautify 236(bool) Discard unprintable characters when a session is being scripted; 237abbreviated 238.Ar be . 239.Tp Ar baudrate 240(num) The baud rate at which the connection was established; 241abbreviated 242.Ar ba . 243.Tp Ar dialtimeout 244(num) When dialing a phone number, the time (in seconds) 245to wait for a connection to be established; abbreviated 246.Ar dial . 247.Tp Ar echocheck 248(bool) Synchronize with the remote host during file transfer by 249waiting for the echo of the last character transmitted; default is 250.Ar off . 251.Tp Ar eofread 252(str) The set of characters which signify and end-of-tranmission 253during a ~< file transfer command; abbreviated 254.Ar eofr . 255.Tp Ar eofwrite 256(str) The string sent to indicate end-of-transmission during 257a ~> file transfer command; abbreviated 258.Ar eofw . 259.Tp Ar eol 260(str) The set of characters which indicate an end-of-line. 261.Nm Tip 262will recognize escape characters only after an end-of-line. 263.Tp Ar escape 264(char) The command prefix (escape) character; abbreviated 265.Ar es ; 266default value is `~'. 267.Tp Ar exceptions 268(str) The set of characters which should not be discarded 269due to the beautification switch; abbreviated 270.Ar ex ; 271default value is ``\et\en\ef\eb''. 272.Tp Ar force 273(char) The character used to force literal data transmission; 274abbreviated 275.Ar fo ; 276default value is `^P'. 277.Tp Ar framesize 278(num) The amount of data (in bytes) to buffer between file system 279writes when receiving files; abbreviated 280.Ar fr . 281.Tp Ar host 282(str) The name of the host to which you are connected; abbreviated 283.Ar ho . 284.Tp Ar prompt 285(char) The character which indicates and end-of-line on the remote 286host; abbreviated 287.Ar pr ; 288default value is `\en'. This value is used to synchronize during 289data transfers. The count of lines transferred during a file transfer 290command is based on recipt of this character. 291.Tp Ar raise 292(bool) Upper case mapping mode; abbreviated 293.Ar ra ; 294default value is 295.Ar off . 296When this mode is enabled, all lower case letters will be mapped to 297upper case by 298.Nm tip 299for transmission to the remote machine. 300.Tp Ar raisechar 301(char) The input character used to toggle upper case mapping mode; 302abbreviated 303.Ar rc ; 304default value is `^A'. 305.Tp Ar record 306(str) The name of the file in which a session script is recorded; 307abbreviated 308.Ar rec ; 309default value is ``tip.record''. 310.Tp Ar script 311(bool) Session scripting mode; abbreviated 312.Ar sc ; 313default is 314.Ar off . 315When 316.Ar script 317is 318.Li true , 319.Nm tip 320will record everything transmitted by the remote machine in 321the script record file specified in 322.Ar record . 323If the 324.Ar beautify 325switch is on, only printable ASCII characters will be included in 326the script file (those characters betwee 040 and 0177). The 327variable 328.Ar exceptions 329is used to indicate characters which are an exception to the normal 330beautification rules. 331.Tp Ar tabexpand 332(bool) Expand tabs to spaces during file transfers; abbreviated 333.Ar tab ; 334default value is 335.Ar false . 336Each tab is expanded to 8 spaces. 337.Tp Ar verbose 338(bool) Verbose mode; abbreviated 339.Ar verb ; 340default is 341.Ar true . 342When verbose mode is enabled, 343.Nm tip 344prints messages while dialing, shows the current number 345of lines transferred during a file transfer operations, 346and more. 347.Tp 348.Sh ENVIRONMENT 349.Nm Tip 350uses the following environment variables: 351.Tw Fl 352.Tp Ev SHELL 353(str) The name of the shell to use for the ~! command; default 354value is ``/bin/sh'', or taken from the environment. 355.Tp Ev HOME 356(str) The home directory to use for the ~c command; default 357value is taken from the environment. 358.Tp Ev HOST 359Check for a default host if none specified. 360.Tp 361.Pp 362The variables 363.Ev ${REMOTE} 364and 365.Ev ${PHONES} 366are also exported. 367.Sh FILES 368.Dw /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 369.Di L 370.Dp Pa /etc/remote 371global system descriptions 372.Dp Pa /etc/phones 373global phone number data base 374.Dp ${REMOTE} 375private system descriptions 376.Dp ${PHONES} 377private phone numbers 378.Dp ~/.tiprc 379initialization file. 380.Dp Pa tip.record 381record file 382.Dp /var/log/aculog 383line access log 384.Dp Pa /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 385lock file to avoid conflicts with 386.Xr uucp 387.Dp 388.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 389Diagnostics are, hopefully, self explanatory. 390.Sh SEE ALSO 391.Xr remote 5 , 392.Xr phones 5 393.Sh HISTORY 394.Nm Tip 395appeared in 4.2 BSD. 396.Sh BUGS 397The full set of variables is undocumented and should, probably, be 398paired down. 399