1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.roff% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)tip.1 6.8 (Berkeley) 07/27/91 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt TIP 1 10.Os BSD 4 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm tip , 13.Nm cu 14.Nd connect to a remote system 15.Sh SYNOPSIS 16.Nm tip 17.Op Fl v 18.Fl Ns Ns Ar speed 19.Ar system\-name 20.Nm tip 21.Op Fl v 22.Fl Ns Ns Ar speed 23.Ar phone\-number 24.Nm cu 25.Ar phone\-number 26.Op Fl t 27.Op Fl s Ar speed 28.Op Fl a Ar acu 29.Op Fl l Ar line 30.Op Fl # 31.Sh DESCRIPTION 32.Nm Tip 33and 34.Ar cu 35establish a full-duplex connection to another machine, 36giving the appearance of being logged in directly on the 37remote cpu. It goes without saying that you must have a login 38on the machine (or equivalent) to which you wish to connect. 39The preferred interface is 40.Nm tip . 41The 42.Ar cu 43interface is included for those people attached to the 44``call 45.Ux Ns '' 46command of version 7. This manual page 47describes only 48.Nm tip . 49.Pp 50Available Option: 51.Bl -tag -width indent 52.It Fl v 53Set verbose mode. 54.El 55.Pp 56Typed characters are normally transmitted directly to the remote 57machine (which does the echoing as well). A tilde (`~') appearing 58as the first character of a line is an escape signal; the following 59are recognized: 60.Bl -tag -width flag 61.It Ic \&~^D No or Ic \&~ . 62Drop the connection and exit 63(you may still be logged in on the 64remote machine). 65.It Ic \&~c Op Ar name 66Change directory to 67.Ar name 68(no argument 69implies change to your home directory). 70.It Ic \&~! 71Escape to a shell (exiting the shell will 72return you to tip). 73.It Ic \&~> 74Copy file from local to remote. 75.Nm Tip 76prompts for the name of a local file to transmit. 77.It Ic \&~< 78Copy file from remote to local. 79.Nm Tip 80prompts first for the name of the file to be sent, then for 81a command to be executed on the remote machine. 82.It Ic \&~p Ar from Op Ar to 83Send a file to a remote 84.Ux 85host. The put command causes the remote 86.Ux 87system to run the command string ``cat > 'to''', while 88.Nm tip 89sends it the ``from'' 90file. If the ``to'' file isn't specified the ``from'' file name is used. 91This command is actually a 92.Ux 93specific version of the ``~>'' command. 94.It Ic \&~t Ar from Op Ar to 95Take a file from a remote 96.Ux 97host. 98As in the put command the ``to'' file 99defaults to the ``from'' file name if it isn't specified. 100The remote host 101executes the command string ``cat 'from';echo ^A'' to send the file to 102.Nm tip . 103.It Ic \&~ 104Pipe the output from a remote command to a local 105.Ux 106process. 107The command string sent to the local 108.Ux 109system is processed by the shell. 110.It Ic \&~$ 111Pipe the output from a local 112.Ux 113process to the remote host. 114The command string sent to the local 115.Ux 116system is processed by the shell. 117.It Ic \&~# 118Send a 119.Dv BREAK 120to the remote system. 121For systems which don't support the 122necessary 123.Ar ioctl 124call the break is simulated by a sequence of line speed changes 125and 126.Dv DEL 127characters. 128.It Ic \&~s 129Set a variable (see the discussion below). 130.It Ic \&~^Z 131Stop 132.Nm tip 133(only available with job control). 134.It Ic \&~^Y 135Stop only the ``local side'' of 136.Nm tip 137(only available with job control); 138the ``remote side'' of 139.Nm tip , 140the side that displays output from the remote host, is left running. 141.It Ic \&~? 142Get a summary of the tilde escapes 143.El 144.Pp 145.Nm Tip 146uses the file 147.Pa /etc/remote 148to find how to reach a particular 149system and to find out how it should operate while talking 150to the system; 151refer to 152.Xr remote 5 153for a full description. 154Each system has a default baud rate with which to 155establish a connection. If this value is not suitable, the baud rate 156to be used may be specified on the command line, e.g. 157.Ql "tip -300 mds" . 158.Pp 159When 160.Nm tip 161establishes a connection it sends out a 162connection message to the remote system; the default value, if any, 163is defined in 164.Pa /etc/remote 165(see 166.Xr remote 5 ) . 167.Pp 168When 169.Nm tip 170prompts for an argument (e.g. during setup of 171a file transfer) the line typed may be edited with the standard 172erase and kill characters. A null line in response to a prompt, 173or an interrupt, will abort the dialogue and return you to the 174remote machine. 175.Pp 176.Nm Tip 177guards against multiple users connecting to a remote system 178by opening modems and terminal lines with exclusive access, 179and by honoring the locking protocol used by 180.Xr uucp 1 . 181.Pp 182During file transfers 183.Nm tip 184provides a running count of the number of lines transferred. 185When using the ~> and ~< commands, the ``eofread'' and ``eofwrite'' 186variables are used to recognize end-of-file when reading, and 187specify end-of-file when writing (see below). File transfers 188normally depend on tandem mode for flow control. If the remote 189system does not support tandem mode, ``echocheck'' may be set 190to indicate 191.Nm tip 192should synchronize with the remote system on the echo of each 193transmitted character. 194.Pp 195When 196.Nm tip 197must dial a phone number to connect to a system it will print 198various messages indicating its actions. 199.Nm Tip 200supports the 201.Tn DEC DN Ns-11 202and 203Racal-Vadic 831 auto-call-units; 204the 205.Tn DEC DF Ns \&02 206and 207.Tn DF Ns \&03 , 208Ventel 212+, Racal-Vadic 3451, and 209Bizcomp 1031 and 1032 integral call unit/modems. 210.Ss VARIABLES 211.Nm Tip 212maintains a set of 213.Ar variables 214which control its operation. 215Some of these variable are read-only to normal users (root is allowed 216to change anything of interest). Variables may be displayed 217and set through the ``s'' escape. The syntax for variables is patterned 218after 219.Xr vi 1 220and 221.Xr Mail 1 . 222Supplying ``all'' 223as an argument to the set command displays all variables readable by 224the user. Alternatively, the user may request display of a particular 225variable by attaching a `?' to the end. For example ``escape?'' 226displays the current escape character. 227.Pp 228Variables are numeric, string, character, or boolean values. Boolean 229variables are set merely by specifying their name; they may be reset 230by prepending a `!' to the name. Other variable types are set by 231concatenating an `=' and the value. The entire assignment must not 232have any blanks in it. A single set command may be used to interrogate 233as well as set a number of variables. 234Variables may be initialized at run time by placing set commands 235(without the ``~s'' prefix in a file 236.Pa .tiprc 237in one's home directory). The 238.Fl v 239option causes 240.Nm tip 241to display the sets as they are made. 242Certain common variables have abbreviations. 243The following is a list of common variables, 244their abbreviations, and their default values. 245.Bl -tag -width Ar 246.It Ar beautify 247(bool) Discard unprintable characters when a session is being scripted; 248abbreviated 249.Ar be . 250.It Ar baudrate 251(num) The baud rate at which the connection was established; 252abbreviated 253.Ar ba . 254.It Ar dialtimeout 255(num) When dialing a phone number, the time (in seconds) 256to wait for a connection to be established; abbreviated 257.Ar dial . 258.It Ar echocheck 259(bool) Synchronize with the remote host during file transfer by 260waiting for the echo of the last character transmitted; default is 261.Ar off . 262.It Ar eofread 263(str) The set of characters which signify and end-of-tranmission 264during a ~< file transfer command; abbreviated 265.Ar eofr . 266.It Ar eofwrite 267(str) The string sent to indicate end-of-transmission during 268a ~> file transfer command; abbreviated 269.Ar eofw . 270.It Ar eol 271(str) The set of characters which indicate an end-of-line. 272.Nm Tip 273will recognize escape characters only after an end-of-line. 274.It Ar escape 275(char) The command prefix (escape) character; abbreviated 276.Ar es ; 277default value is `~'. 278.It Ar exceptions 279(str) The set of characters which should not be discarded 280due to the beautification switch; abbreviated 281.Ar ex ; 282default value is ``\et\en\ef\eb''. 283.It Ar force 284(char) The character used to force literal data transmission; 285abbreviated 286.Ar fo ; 287default value is `^P'. 288.It Ar framesize 289(num) The amount of data (in bytes) to buffer between file system 290writes when receiving files; abbreviated 291.Ar fr . 292.It Ar host 293(str) The name of the host to which you are connected; abbreviated 294.Ar ho . 295.It Ar prompt 296(char) The character which indicates and end-of-line on the remote 297host; abbreviated 298.Ar pr ; 299default value is `\en'. This value is used to synchronize during 300data transfers. The count of lines transferred during a file transfer 301command is based on recipt of this character. 302.It Ar raise 303(bool) Upper case mapping mode; abbreviated 304.Ar ra ; 305default value is 306.Ar off . 307When this mode is enabled, all lower case letters will be mapped to 308upper case by 309.Nm tip 310for transmission to the remote machine. 311.It Ar raisechar 312(char) The input character used to toggle upper case mapping mode; 313abbreviated 314.Ar rc ; 315default value is `^A'. 316.It Ar record 317(str) The name of the file in which a session script is recorded; 318abbreviated 319.Ar rec ; 320default value is ``tip.record''. 321.It Ar script 322(bool) Session scripting mode; abbreviated 323.Ar sc ; 324default is 325.Ar off . 326When 327.Ar script 328is 329.Li true , 330.Nm tip 331will record everything transmitted by the remote machine in 332the script record file specified in 333.Ar record . 334If the 335.Ar beautify 336switch is on, only printable 337.Tn ASCII 338characters will be included in 339the script file (those characters betwee 040 and 0177). The 340variable 341.Ar exceptions 342is used to indicate characters which are an exception to the normal 343beautification rules. 344.It Ar tabexpand 345(bool) Expand tabs to spaces during file transfers; abbreviated 346.Ar tab ; 347default value is 348.Ar false . 349Each tab is expanded to 8 spaces. 350.It Ar verbose 351(bool) Verbose mode; abbreviated 352.Ar verb ; 353default is 354.Ar true . 355When verbose mode is enabled, 356.Nm tip 357prints messages while dialing, shows the current number 358of lines transferred during a file transfer operations, 359and more. 360.El 361.Sh ENVIRONMENT 362.Nm Tip 363uses the following environment variables: 364.Bl -tag -width Fl 365.It Ev SHELL 366(str) The name of the shell to use for the ~! command; default 367value is ``/bin/sh'', or taken from the environment. 368.It Ev HOME 369(str) The home directory to use for the ~c command; default 370value is taken from the environment. 371.It Ev HOST 372Check for a default host if none specified. 373.El 374.Pp 375The variables 376.Ev ${REMOTE} 377and 378.Ev ${PHONES} 379are also exported. 380.Sh FILES 381.Bl -tag -width /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* -compact 382.It Pa /etc/remote 383Global system descriptions. 384.It Pa /etc/phones 385Global phone number data base. 386.It ${REMOTE} 387Private system descriptions. 388.It ${PHONES} 389Private phone numbers. 390.It ~/.tiprc 391Initialization file. 392.It Pa tip.record 393Record file. 394.It /var/log/aculog 395Line access log. 396.It Pa /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 397Lock file to avoid conflicts with 398.Xr uucp . 399.El 400.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 401Diagnostics are, hopefully, self explanatory. 402.Sh SEE ALSO 403.Xr remote 5 , 404.Xr phones 5 405.Sh HISTORY 406The 407.Nm tip 408appeared command in 409.Bx 4.2 . 410.Sh BUGS 411The full set of variables is undocumented and should, probably, be 412paired down. 413