1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)tip.1 6.5 (Berkeley) 06/11/90 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt TIP 1 10.Os BSD 4 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm tip , 13.Nm cu 14.Nd connect to a remote system 15.Sh SYNOPSIS 16.Nm tip 17.Op Fl v 18.Cx Fl 19.Ar speed 20.Cx 21.Ar system\-name 22.Nm tip 23.Op Fl v 24.Cx Fl 25.Ar speed 26.Cx 27.Ar phone\-number 28.Nm cu 29.Ar phone\-number 30.Op Fl t 31.Op Fl s Ar speed 32.Op Fl a Ar acu 33.Op Fl l Ar line 34.Op Fl # 35.Sh DESCRIPTION 36.Nm Tip 37and 38.Ar cu 39establish a full-duplex connection to another machine, 40giving the appearance of being logged in directly on the 41remote cpu. It goes without saying that you must have a login 42on the machine (or equivalent) to which you wish to connect. 43The preferred interface is 44.Nm tip . 45The 46.Ar cu 47interface is included for those people attached to the 48``call UNIX'' command of version 7. This manual page 49describes only 50.Nm tip . 51.Pp 52Options: 53.Tp Fl v 54Set verbose mode. 55.Tp 56.Pp 57Typed characters are normally transmitted directly to the remote 58machine (which does the echoing as well). A tilde (`~') appearing 59as the first character of a line is an escape signal; the following 60are recognized: 61.Tw Ds 62.Tp Ic \&~^D \&~ . 63Drop the connection and exit 64(you may still be logged in on the 65remote machine). 66.Pp 67.Tp Cx Ic \&~c 68.Cx \&\ \& 69.Op Ar name 70.Cx 71Change directory to name (no argument 72implies change to your home directory). 73.Tp Ic \&~! 74Escape to a shell (exiting the shell will 75return you to tip). 76.Tp Ic \&~> 77Copy file from local to remote. 78.Nm Tip 79prompts for the name of a local file to transmit. 80.Tp Ic \&~< 81Copy file from remote to local. 82.Nm Tip 83prompts first for the name of the file to be sent, then for 84a command to be executed on the remote machine. 85.Tp Cx Ic \&~p 86.Cx \&\ \& 87.Ar from 88.Cx \&\ \& 89.Op Ar to 90.Cx 91Send a file to a remote UNIX host. The put command causes the remote UNIX 92system to run the command string ``cat > 'to''', while 93.Nm tip 94sends it the ``from'' 95file. If the ``to'' file isn't specified the ``from'' file name is used. 96This command is actually a UNIX specific version of the ``~>'' command. 97.Tp Cx Ic \&~t 98.Cx \&\ \& 99.Ar from 100.Cx \&\ \& 101.Op Ar to 102.Cx 103Take a file from a remote UNIX host. 104As in the put command the ``to'' file 105defaults to the ``from'' file name if it isn't specified. 106The remote host 107executes the command string ``cat 'from';echo ^A'' to send the file to 108.Nm tip . 109.Tp Ic \&~ 110Pipe the output from a remote command to a local UNIX process. 111The command string sent to the local UNIX system is processed by the shell. 112.Tp Ic \&~$ 113Pipe the output from a local UNIX process to the remote host. 114The command string sent to the local UNIX system is processed by the shell. 115.Tp Ic \&~# 116Send a BREAK to the remote system. 117For systems which don't support the 118necessary 119.Ar ioctl 120call the break is simulated by a sequence of line speed changes 121and DEL characters. 122.Tp Ic \&~s 123Set a variable (see the discussion below). 124.Tp Ic \&~^Z 125Stop 126.Nm tip 127(only available with job control). 128.Tp Ic \&~^Y 129Stop only the ``local side'' of 130.Nm tip 131(only available with job control); 132the ``remote side'' of 133.Nm tip , 134the side that displays output from the remote host, is left running. 135.Tp Ic \&~? 136Get a summary of the tilde escapes 137.Tp 138.Pp 139.Nm Tip 140uses the file /etc/remote to find how to reach a particular 141system and to find out how it should operate while talking 142to the system; 143refer to 144.Xr remote 5 145for a full description. 146Each system has a default baud rate with which to 147establish a connection. If this value is not suitable, the baud rate 148to be used may be specified on the command line, e.g. ``tip -300 mds''. 149.Pp 150When 151.Nm tip 152establishes a connection it sends out a 153connection message to the remote system; the default value, if any, 154is defined in 155.Pa /etc/remote (see 156.Xr remote 5 ) . 157.Pp 158When 159.Nm tip 160prompts for an argument (e.g. during setup of 161a file transfer) the line typed may be edited with the standard 162erase and kill characters. A null line in response to a prompt, 163or an interrupt, will abort the dialogue and return you to the 164remote machine. 165.Pp 166.Nm Tip 167guards against multiple users connecting to a remote system 168by opening modems and terminal lines with exclusive access, 169and by honoring the locking protocol used by 170.Xr uucp 1 . 171.Pp 172During file transfers 173.Nm tip 174provides a running count of the number of lines transferred. 175When using the ~> and ~< commands, the ``eofread'' and ``eofwrite'' 176variables are used to recognize end-of-file when reading, and 177specify end-of-file when writing (see below). File transfers 178normally depend on tandem mode for flow control. If the remote 179system does not support tandem mode, ``echocheck'' may be set 180to indicate 181.Nm tip 182should synchronize with the remote system on the echo of each 183transmitted character. 184.Pp 185When 186.Nm tip 187must dial a phone number to connect to a system it will print 188various messages indicating its actions. 189.Nm Tip 190supports the DEC DN-11 and Racal-Vadic 831 auto-call-units; 191the DEC DF02 and DF03, Ventel 212+, Racal-Vadic 3451, and 192Bizcomp 1031 and 1032 integral call unit/modems. 193.Ss VARIABLES 194.Nm Tip 195maintains a set of 196.Ar variables 197which control its operation. 198Some of these variable are read-only to normal users (root is allowed 199to change anything of interest). Variables may be displayed 200and set through the ``s'' escape. The syntax for variables is patterned 201after 202.Xr vi 1 203and 204.Xr Mail 1 . 205Supplying ``all'' 206as an argument to the set command displays all variables readable by 207the user. Alternatively, the user may request display of a particular 208variable by attaching a `?' to the end. For example ``escape?'' 209displays the current escape character. 210.Pp 211Variables are numeric, string, character, or boolean values. Boolean 212variables are set merely by specifying their name; they may be reset 213by prepending a `!' to the name. Other variable types are set by 214concatenating an `=' and the value. The entire assignment must not 215have any blanks in it. A single set command may be used to interrogate 216as well as set a number of variables. 217Variables may be initialized at run time by placing set commands 218(without the ``~s'' prefix in a file 219.Pa .tiprc 220in one's home directory). The 221.Fl v 222option causes 223.Nm tip 224to display the sets as they are made. 225Certain common variables have abbreviations. 226The following is a list of common variables, 227their abbreviations, and their default values. 228.Tw Ar 229.Tp Ar beautify 230(bool) Discard unprintable characters when a session is being scripted; 231abbreviated 232.Ar be . 233.Tp Ar baudrate 234(num) The baud rate at which the connection was established; 235abbreviated 236.Ar ba . 237.Tp Ar dialtimeout 238(num) When dialing a phone number, the time (in seconds) 239to wait for a connection to be established; abbreviated 240.Ar dial . 241.Tp Ar echocheck 242(bool) Synchronize with the remote host during file transfer by 243waiting for the echo of the last character transmitted; default is 244.Ar off . 245.Tp Ar eofread 246(str) The set of characters which signify and end-of-tranmission 247during a ~< file transfer command; abbreviated 248.Ar eofr . 249.Tp Ar eofwrite 250(str) The string sent to indicate end-of-transmission during 251a ~> file transfer command; abbreviated 252.Ar eofw . 253.Tp Ar eol 254(str) The set of characters which indicate an end-of-line. 255.Nm Tip 256will recognize escape characters only after an end-of-line. 257.Tp Ar escape 258(char) The command prefix (escape) character; abbreviated 259.Ar es ; 260default value is `~'. 261.Tp Ar exceptions 262(str) The set of characters which should not be discarded 263due to the beautification switch; abbreviated 264.Ar ex ; 265default value is ``\et\en\ef\eb''. 266.Tp Ar force 267(char) The character used to force literal data transmission; 268abbreviated 269.Ar fo ; 270default value is `^P'. 271.Tp Ar framesize 272(num) The amount of data (in bytes) to buffer between file system 273writes when receiving files; abbreviated 274.Ar fr . 275.Tp Ar host 276(str) The name of the host to which you are connected; abbreviated 277.Ar ho . 278.Tp Ar prompt 279(char) The character which indicates and end-of-line on the remote 280host; abbreviated 281.Ar pr ; 282default value is `\en'. This value is used to synchronize during 283data transfers. The count of lines transferred during a file transfer 284command is based on recipt of this character. 285.Tp Ar raise 286(bool) Upper case mapping mode; abbreviated 287.Ar ra ; 288default value is 289.Ar off . 290When this mode is enabled, all lower case letters will be mapped to 291upper case by 292.Nm tip 293for transmission to the remote machine. 294.Tp Ar raisechar 295(char) The input character used to toggle upper case mapping mode; 296abbreviated 297.Ar rc ; 298default value is `^A'. 299.Tp Ar record 300(str) The name of the file in which a session script is recorded; 301abbreviated 302.Ar rec ; 303default value is ``tip.record''. 304.Tp Ar script 305(bool) Session scripting mode; abbreviated 306.Ar sc ; 307default is 308.Ar off . 309When 310.Ar script 311is 312.Li true , 313.Nm tip 314will record everything transmitted by the remote machine in 315the script record file specified in 316.Ar record . 317If the 318.Ar beautify 319switch is on, only printable ASCII characters will be included in 320the script file (those characters betwee 040 and 0177). The 321variable 322.Ar exceptions 323is used to indicate characters which are an exception to the normal 324beautification rules. 325.Tp Ar tabexpand 326(bool) Expand tabs to spaces during file transfers; abbreviated 327.Ar tab ; 328default value is 329.Ar false . 330Each tab is expanded to 8 spaces. 331.Tp Ar verbose 332(bool) Verbose mode; abbreviated 333.Ar verb ; 334default is 335.Ar true . 336When verbose mode is enabled, 337.Nm tip 338prints messages while dialing, shows the current number 339of lines transferred during a file transfer operations, 340and more. 341.Tp 342.Sh ENVIRONMENT 343.Nm Tip 344uses the followinf environment variables: 345.Tp Ar SHELL 346(str) The name of the shell to use for the ~! command; default 347value is ``/bin/sh'', or taken from the environment. 348.Tp Ar HOME 349(str) The home directory to use for the ~c command; default 350value is taken from the environment. 351.Tp Ar HOST 352Check for a default host if none specified. 353.Tp 354.Pp 355The variables 356.Ev ${REMOTE} 357and 358.Ev ${PHONES} 359are also exported. 360.Sh FILES 361.Dw /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 362.Di L 363.Dp Pa /etc/remote 364global system descriptions 365.Dp Pa /etc/phones 366global phone number data base 367.Dp ${REMOTE} 368private system descriptions 369.Dp ${PHONES} 370private phone numbers 371.Dp ~/.tiprc 372initialization file. 373.Dp /var/log/aculog 374line access log 375.Dp Pa /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 376lock file to avoid conflicts with 377.Xr uucp 378.Dp 379.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 380Diagnostics are, hopefully, self explanatory. 381.Sh SEE ALSO 382.Xr remote 5 , 383.Xr phones 5 384.Sh HISTORY 385.Nm Tip 386appeared in 4.2 BSD. 387.Sh BUGS 388The full set of variables is undocumented and should, probably, be 389paired down. 390