1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)tip.1 6.7 (Berkeley) 03/14/91 7.\" 8.Vx 9.Vx 10.Dd 11.Dt TIP 1 12.Os BSD 4 13.Sh NAME 14.Nm tip , 15.Nm cu 16.Nd connect to a remote system 17.Sh SYNOPSIS 18.Nm tip 19.Op Fl v 20.Cx Fl 21.Ar speed 22.Cx 23.Ar system\-name 24.Nm tip 25.Op Fl v 26.Cx Fl 27.Ar speed 28.Cx 29.Ar phone\-number 30.Nm cu 31.Ar phone\-number 32.Op Fl t 33.Op Fl s Ar speed 34.Op Fl a Ar acu 35.Op Fl l Ar line 36.Op Fl # 37.Sh DESCRIPTION 38.Nm Tip 39and 40.Ar cu 41establish a full-duplex connection to another machine, 42giving the appearance of being logged in directly on the 43remote cpu. It goes without saying that you must have a login 44on the machine (or equivalent) to which you wish to connect. 45The preferred interface is 46.Nm tip . 47The 48.Ar cu 49interface is included for those people attached to the 50``call UNIX'' command of version 7. This manual page 51describes only 52.Nm tip . 53.Pp 54Available Option: 55.Tw Ds 56.Tp Fl v 57Set verbose mode. 58.Tp 59.Pp 60Typed characters are normally transmitted directly to the remote 61machine (which does the echoing as well). A tilde (`~') appearing 62as the first character of a line is an escape signal; the following 63are recognized: 64.Tw Ds 65.Tp Ic \&~^D \&~ . 66Drop the connection and exit 67(you may still be logged in on the 68remote machine). 69.Pp 70.Tp Cx Ic \&~c 71.Cx \&\ \& 72.Op Ar name 73.Cx 74Change directory to 75.Ar name 76(no argument 77implies change to your home directory). 78.Tp Ic \&~! 79Escape to a shell (exiting the shell will 80return you to tip). 81.Tp Ic \&~> 82Copy file from local to remote. 83.Nm Tip 84prompts for the name of a local file to transmit. 85.Tp Ic \&~< 86Copy file from remote to local. 87.Nm Tip 88prompts first for the name of the file to be sent, then for 89a command to be executed on the remote machine. 90.Tp Cx Ic \&~p 91.Cx \&\ \& 92.Ar from 93.Cx \&\ \& 94.Op Ar to 95.Cx 96Send a file to a remote UNIX host. The put command causes the remote UNIX 97system to run the command string ``cat > 'to''', while 98.Nm tip 99sends it the ``from'' 100file. If the ``to'' file isn't specified the ``from'' file name is used. 101This command is actually a UNIX specific version of the ``~>'' command. 102.Tp Cx Ic \&~t 103.Cx \&\ \& 104.Ar from 105.Cx \&\ \& 106.Op Ar to 107.Cx 108Take a file from a remote UNIX host. 109As in the put command the ``to'' file 110defaults to the ``from'' file name if it isn't specified. 111The remote host 112executes the command string ``cat 'from';echo ^A'' to send the file to 113.Nm tip . 114.Tp Ic \&~ 115Pipe the output from a remote command to a local UNIX process. 116The command string sent to the local UNIX system is processed by the shell. 117.Tp Ic \&~$ 118Pipe the output from a local UNIX process to the remote host. 119The command string sent to the local UNIX system is processed by the shell. 120.Tp Ic \&~# 121Send a BREAK to the remote system. 122For systems which don't support the 123necessary 124.Ar ioctl 125call the break is simulated by a sequence of line speed changes 126and DEL characters. 127.Tp Ic \&~s 128Set a variable (see the discussion below). 129.Tp Ic \&~^Z 130Stop 131.Nm tip 132(only available with job control). 133.Tp Ic \&~^Y 134Stop only the ``local side'' of 135.Nm tip 136(only available with job control); 137the ``remote side'' of 138.Nm tip , 139the side that displays output from the remote host, is left running. 140.Tp Ic \&~? 141Get a summary of the tilde escapes 142.Tp 143.Pp 144.Nm Tip 145uses the file 146.Pa /etc/remote 147to find how to reach a particular 148system and to find out how it should operate while talking 149to the system; 150refer to 151.Xr remote 5 152for a full description. 153Each system has a default baud rate with which to 154establish a connection. If this value is not suitable, the baud rate 155to be used may be specified on the command line, e.g. ``tip -300 mds''. 156.Pp 157When 158.Nm tip 159establishes a connection it sends out a 160connection message to the remote system; the default value, if any, 161is defined in 162.Pa /etc/remote 163(see 164.Xr remote 5 ) . 165.Pp 166When 167.Nm tip 168prompts for an argument (e.g. during setup of 169a file transfer) the line typed may be edited with the standard 170erase and kill characters. A null line in response to a prompt, 171or an interrupt, will abort the dialogue and return you to the 172remote machine. 173.Pp 174.Nm Tip 175guards against multiple users connecting to a remote system 176by opening modems and terminal lines with exclusive access, 177and by honoring the locking protocol used by 178.Xr uucp 1 . 179.Pp 180During file transfers 181.Nm tip 182provides a running count of the number of lines transferred. 183When using the ~> and ~< commands, the ``eofread'' and ``eofwrite'' 184variables are used to recognize end-of-file when reading, and 185specify end-of-file when writing (see below). File transfers 186normally depend on tandem mode for flow control. If the remote 187system does not support tandem mode, ``echocheck'' may be set 188to indicate 189.Nm tip 190should synchronize with the remote system on the echo of each 191transmitted character. 192.Pp 193When 194.Nm tip 195must dial a phone number to connect to a system it will print 196various messages indicating its actions. 197.Nm Tip 198supports the DEC DN-11 and Racal-Vadic 831 auto-call-units; 199the DEC DF02 and DF03, Ventel 212+, Racal-Vadic 3451, and 200Bizcomp 1031 and 1032 integral call unit/modems. 201.Ss VARIABLES 202.Nm Tip 203maintains a set of 204.Ar variables 205which control its operation. 206Some of these variable are read-only to normal users (root is allowed 207to change anything of interest). Variables may be displayed 208and set through the ``s'' escape. The syntax for variables is patterned 209after 210.Xr vi 1 211and 212.Xr Mail 1 . 213Supplying ``all'' 214as an argument to the set command displays all variables readable by 215the user. Alternatively, the user may request display of a particular 216variable by attaching a `?' to the end. For example ``escape?'' 217displays the current escape character. 218.Pp 219Variables are numeric, string, character, or boolean values. Boolean 220variables are set merely by specifying their name; they may be reset 221by prepending a `!' to the name. Other variable types are set by 222concatenating an `=' and the value. The entire assignment must not 223have any blanks in it. A single set command may be used to interrogate 224as well as set a number of variables. 225Variables may be initialized at run time by placing set commands 226(without the ``~s'' prefix in a file 227.Pa .tiprc 228in one's home directory). The 229.Fl v 230option causes 231.Nm tip 232to display the sets as they are made. 233Certain common variables have abbreviations. 234The following is a list of common variables, 235their abbreviations, and their default values. 236.Tw Ar 237.Tp Ar beautify 238(bool) Discard unprintable characters when a session is being scripted; 239abbreviated 240.Ar be . 241.Tp Ar baudrate 242(num) The baud rate at which the connection was established; 243abbreviated 244.Ar ba . 245.Tp Ar dialtimeout 246(num) When dialing a phone number, the time (in seconds) 247to wait for a connection to be established; abbreviated 248.Ar dial . 249.Tp Ar echocheck 250(bool) Synchronize with the remote host during file transfer by 251waiting for the echo of the last character transmitted; default is 252.Ar off . 253.Tp Ar eofread 254(str) The set of characters which signify and end-of-tranmission 255during a ~< file transfer command; abbreviated 256.Ar eofr . 257.Tp Ar eofwrite 258(str) The string sent to indicate end-of-transmission during 259a ~> file transfer command; abbreviated 260.Ar eofw . 261.Tp Ar eol 262(str) The set of characters which indicate an end-of-line. 263.Nm Tip 264will recognize escape characters only after an end-of-line. 265.Tp Ar escape 266(char) The command prefix (escape) character; abbreviated 267.Ar es ; 268default value is `~'. 269.Tp Ar exceptions 270(str) The set of characters which should not be discarded 271due to the beautification switch; abbreviated 272.Ar ex ; 273default value is ``\et\en\ef\eb''. 274.Tp Ar force 275(char) The character used to force literal data transmission; 276abbreviated 277.Ar fo ; 278default value is `^P'. 279.Tp Ar framesize 280(num) The amount of data (in bytes) to buffer between file system 281writes when receiving files; abbreviated 282.Ar fr . 283.Tp Ar host 284(str) The name of the host to which you are connected; abbreviated 285.Ar ho . 286.Tp Ar prompt 287(char) The character which indicates and end-of-line on the remote 288host; abbreviated 289.Ar pr ; 290default value is `\en'. This value is used to synchronize during 291data transfers. The count of lines transferred during a file transfer 292command is based on recipt of this character. 293.Tp Ar raise 294(bool) Upper case mapping mode; abbreviated 295.Ar ra ; 296default value is 297.Ar off . 298When this mode is enabled, all lower case letters will be mapped to 299upper case by 300.Nm tip 301for transmission to the remote machine. 302.Tp Ar raisechar 303(char) The input character used to toggle upper case mapping mode; 304abbreviated 305.Ar rc ; 306default value is `^A'. 307.Tp Ar record 308(str) The name of the file in which a session script is recorded; 309abbreviated 310.Ar rec ; 311default value is ``tip.record''. 312.Tp Ar script 313(bool) Session scripting mode; abbreviated 314.Ar sc ; 315default is 316.Ar off . 317When 318.Ar script 319is 320.Li true , 321.Nm tip 322will record everything transmitted by the remote machine in 323the script record file specified in 324.Ar record . 325If the 326.Ar beautify 327switch is on, only printable ASCII characters will be included in 328the script file (those characters betwee 040 and 0177). The 329variable 330.Ar exceptions 331is used to indicate characters which are an exception to the normal 332beautification rules. 333.Tp Ar tabexpand 334(bool) Expand tabs to spaces during file transfers; abbreviated 335.Ar tab ; 336default value is 337.Ar false . 338Each tab is expanded to 8 spaces. 339.Tp Ar verbose 340(bool) Verbose mode; abbreviated 341.Ar verb ; 342default is 343.Ar true . 344When verbose mode is enabled, 345.Nm tip 346prints messages while dialing, shows the current number 347of lines transferred during a file transfer operations, 348and more. 349.Tp 350.Sh ENVIRONMENT 351.Nm Tip 352uses the following environment variables: 353.Tw Fl 354.Tp Ev SHELL 355(str) The name of the shell to use for the ~! command; default 356value is ``/bin/sh'', or taken from the environment. 357.Tp Ev HOME 358(str) The home directory to use for the ~c command; default 359value is taken from the environment. 360.Tp Ev HOST 361Check for a default host if none specified. 362.Tp 363.Pp 364The variables 365.Ev ${REMOTE} 366and 367.Ev ${PHONES} 368are also exported. 369.Sh FILES 370.Dw /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 371.Di L 372.Dp Pa /etc/remote 373global system descriptions 374.Dp Pa /etc/phones 375global phone number data base 376.Dp ${REMOTE} 377private system descriptions 378.Dp ${PHONES} 379private phone numbers 380.Dp ~/.tiprc 381initialization file. 382.Dp Pa tip.record 383record file 384.Dp /var/log/aculog 385line access log 386.Dp Pa /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 387lock file to avoid conflicts with 388.Xr uucp 389.Dp 390.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 391Diagnostics are, hopefully, self explanatory. 392.Sh SEE ALSO 393.Xr remote 5 , 394.Xr phones 5 395.Sh HISTORY 396.Nm Tip 397appeared in 4.2 BSD. 398.Sh BUGS 399The full set of variables is undocumented and should, probably, be 400paired down. 401