1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.roff% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)tip.1 8.4 (Berkeley) 04/18/94 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt TIP 1 10.Os BSD 4 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm tip , 13.Nm cu 14.Nd connect to a remote system 15.Sh SYNOPSIS 16.Nm tip 17.Op Fl v 18.Fl Ns Ns Ar speed 19.Ar system\-name 20.Nm tip 21.Op Fl v 22.Fl Ns Ns Ar speed 23.Ar phone\-number 24.Nm cu 25.Ar phone\-number 26.Op Fl t 27.Op Fl s Ar speed 28.Op Fl a Ar acu 29.Op Fl l Ar line 30.Op Fl # 31.Sh DESCRIPTION 32.Nm Tip 33and 34.Ar cu 35establish a full-duplex connection to another machine, 36giving the appearance of being logged in directly on the 37remote cpu. It goes without saying that you must have a login 38on the machine (or equivalent) to which you wish to connect. 39The preferred interface is 40.Nm tip . 41The 42.Ar cu 43interface is included for those people attached to the 44``call 45.Ux Ns '' 46command of version 7. This manual page 47describes only 48.Nm tip . 49.Pp 50Available Option: 51.Bl -tag -width indent 52.It Fl v 53Set verbose mode. 54.El 55.Pp 56Typed characters are normally transmitted directly to the remote 57machine (which does the echoing as well). A tilde (`~') appearing 58as the first character of a line is an escape signal; the following 59are recognized: 60.Bl -tag -width flag 61.It Ic \&~^D No or Ic \&~ . 62Drop the connection and exit 63(you may still be logged in on the 64remote machine). 65.It Ic \&~c Op Ar name 66Change directory to 67.Ar name 68(no argument 69implies change to your home directory). 70.It Ic \&~! 71Escape to a shell (exiting the shell will 72return you to tip). 73.It Ic \&~> 74Copy file from local to remote. 75.Nm Tip 76prompts for the name of a local file to transmit. 77.It Ic \&~< 78Copy file from remote to local. 79.Nm Tip 80prompts first for the name of the file to be sent, then for 81a command to be executed on the remote machine. 82.It Ic \&~p Ar from Op Ar to 83Send a file to a remote 84.Ux 85host. The put command causes the remote 86.Ux 87system to run the command string ``cat > 'to''', while 88.Nm tip 89sends it the ``from'' 90file. If the ``to'' file isn't specified the ``from'' file name is used. 91This command is actually a 92.Ux 93specific version of the ``~>'' command. 94.It Ic \&~t Ar from Op Ar to 95Take a file from a remote 96.Ux 97host. 98As in the put command the ``to'' file 99defaults to the ``from'' file name if it isn't specified. 100The remote host 101executes the command string ``cat 'from';echo ^A'' to send the file to 102.Nm tip . 103.It Ic \&~| 104Pipe the output from a remote command to a local 105.Ux 106process. 107The command string sent to the local 108.Ux 109system is processed by the shell. 110.It Ic \&~$ 111Pipe the output from a local 112.Ux 113process to the remote host. 114The command string sent to the local 115.Ux 116system is processed by the shell. 117.It Ic \&~C 118Fork a child process on the local system to perform special protocols 119such as \s-1XMODEM\s+1. The child program will be run with the following 120somewhat unusual arrangement of file descriptors: 121.nf 122.in +1i 1230 <-> local tty in 1241 <-> local tty out 1252 <-> local tty out 1263 <-> remote tty in 1274 <-> remote tty out 128.in -1i 129.fi 130.It Ic \&~# 131Send a 132.Dv BREAK 133to the remote system. 134For systems which don't support the 135necessary 136.Ar ioctl 137call the break is simulated by a sequence of line speed changes 138and 139.Dv DEL 140characters. 141.It Ic \&~s 142Set a variable (see the discussion below). 143.It Ic \&~^Z 144Stop 145.Nm tip 146(only available with job control). 147.It Ic \&~^Y 148Stop only the ``local side'' of 149.Nm tip 150(only available with job control); 151the ``remote side'' of 152.Nm tip , 153the side that displays output from the remote host, is left running. 154.It Ic \&~? 155Get a summary of the tilde escapes 156.El 157.Pp 158.Nm Tip 159uses the file 160.Pa /etc/remote 161to find how to reach a particular 162system and to find out how it should operate while talking 163to the system; 164refer to 165.Xr remote 5 166for a full description. 167Each system has a default baud rate with which to 168establish a connection. If this value is not suitable, the baud rate 169to be used may be specified on the command line, e.g. 170.Ql "tip -300 mds" . 171.Pp 172When 173.Nm tip 174establishes a connection it sends out a 175connection message to the remote system; the default value, if any, 176is defined in 177.Pa /etc/remote 178(see 179.Xr remote 5 ) . 180.Pp 181When 182.Nm tip 183prompts for an argument (e.g. during setup of 184a file transfer) the line typed may be edited with the standard 185erase and kill characters. A null line in response to a prompt, 186or an interrupt, will abort the dialogue and return you to the 187remote machine. 188.Pp 189.Nm Tip 190guards against multiple users connecting to a remote system 191by opening modems and terminal lines with exclusive access, 192and by honoring the locking protocol used by 193.Xr uucico 8 . 194.Pp 195During file transfers 196.Nm tip 197provides a running count of the number of lines transferred. 198When using the ~> and ~< commands, the ``eofread'' and ``eofwrite'' 199variables are used to recognize end-of-file when reading, and 200specify end-of-file when writing (see below). File transfers 201normally depend on tandem mode for flow control. If the remote 202system does not support tandem mode, ``echocheck'' may be set 203to indicate 204.Nm tip 205should synchronize with the remote system on the echo of each 206transmitted character. 207.Pp 208When 209.Nm tip 210must dial a phone number to connect to a system it will print 211various messages indicating its actions. 212.Nm Tip 213supports the 214.Tn DEC DN Ns-11 215and 216Racal-Vadic 831 auto-call-units; 217the 218.Tn DEC DF Ns \&02 219and 220.Tn DF Ns \&03 , 221Ventel 212+, Racal-Vadic 3451, and 222Bizcomp 1031 and 1032 integral call unit/modems. 223.Ss VARIABLES 224.Nm Tip 225maintains a set of 226.Ar variables 227which control its operation. 228Some of these variables are read-only to normal users (root is allowed 229to change anything of interest). Variables may be displayed 230and set through the ``s'' escape. The syntax for variables is patterned 231after 232.Xr vi 1 233and 234.Xr Mail 1 . 235Supplying ``all'' 236as an argument to the set command displays all variables readable by 237the user. Alternatively, the user may request display of a particular 238variable by attaching a `?' to the end. For example ``escape?'' 239displays the current escape character. 240.Pp 241Variables are numeric, string, character, or boolean values. Boolean 242variables are set merely by specifying their name; they may be reset 243by prepending a `!' to the name. Other variable types are set by 244concatenating an `=' and the value. The entire assignment must not 245have any blanks in it. A single set command may be used to interrogate 246as well as set a number of variables. 247Variables may be initialized at run time by placing set commands 248(without the ``~s'' prefix in a file 249.Pa .tiprc 250in one's home directory). The 251.Fl v 252option causes 253.Nm tip 254to display the sets as they are made. 255Certain common variables have abbreviations. 256The following is a list of common variables, 257their abbreviations, and their default values. 258.Bl -tag -width Ar 259.It Ar beautify 260(bool) Discard unprintable characters when a session is being scripted; 261abbreviated 262.Ar be . 263.It Ar baudrate 264(num) The baud rate at which the connection was established; 265abbreviated 266.Ar ba . 267.It Ar dialtimeout 268(num) When dialing a phone number, the time (in seconds) 269to wait for a connection to be established; abbreviated 270.Ar dial . 271.It Ar echocheck 272(bool) Synchronize with the remote host during file transfer by 273waiting for the echo of the last character transmitted; default is 274.Ar off . 275.It Ar eofread 276(str) The set of characters which signify an end-of-transmission 277during a ~< file transfer command; abbreviated 278.Ar eofr . 279.It Ar eofwrite 280(str) The string sent to indicate end-of-transmission during 281a ~> file transfer command; abbreviated 282.Ar eofw . 283.It Ar eol 284(str) The set of characters which indicate an end-of-line. 285.Nm Tip 286will recognize escape characters only after an end-of-line. 287.It Ar escape 288(char) The command prefix (escape) character; abbreviated 289.Ar es ; 290default value is `~'. 291.It Ar exceptions 292(str) The set of characters which should not be discarded 293due to the beautification switch; abbreviated 294.Ar ex ; 295default value is ``\et\en\ef\eb''. 296.It Ar force 297(char) The character used to force literal data transmission; 298abbreviated 299.Ar fo ; 300default value is `^P'. 301.It Ar framesize 302(num) The amount of data (in bytes) to buffer between file system 303writes when receiving files; abbreviated 304.Ar fr . 305.It Ar host 306(str) The name of the host to which you are connected; abbreviated 307.Ar ho . 308.It Ar prompt 309(char) The character which indicates an end-of-line on the remote 310host; abbreviated 311.Ar pr ; 312default value is `\en'. This value is used to synchronize during 313data transfers. The count of lines transferred during a file transfer 314command is based on receipt of this character. 315.It Ar raise 316(bool) Upper case mapping mode; abbreviated 317.Ar ra ; 318default value is 319.Ar off . 320When this mode is enabled, all lower case letters will be mapped to 321upper case by 322.Nm tip 323for transmission to the remote machine. 324.It Ar raisechar 325(char) The input character used to toggle upper case mapping mode; 326abbreviated 327.Ar rc ; 328default value is `^A'. 329.It Ar record 330(str) The name of the file in which a session script is recorded; 331abbreviated 332.Ar rec ; 333default value is ``tip.record''. 334.It Ar script 335(bool) Session scripting mode; abbreviated 336.Ar sc ; 337default is 338.Ar off . 339When 340.Ar script 341is 342.Li true , 343.Nm tip 344will record everything transmitted by the remote machine in 345the script record file specified in 346.Ar record . 347If the 348.Ar beautify 349switch is on, only printable 350.Tn ASCII 351characters will be included in 352the script file (those characters betwee 040 and 0177). The 353variable 354.Ar exceptions 355is used to indicate characters which are an exception to the normal 356beautification rules. 357.It Ar tabexpand 358(bool) Expand tabs to spaces during file transfers; abbreviated 359.Ar tab ; 360default value is 361.Ar false . 362Each tab is expanded to 8 spaces. 363.It Ar verbose 364(bool) Verbose mode; abbreviated 365.Ar verb ; 366default is 367.Ar true . 368When verbose mode is enabled, 369.Nm tip 370prints messages while dialing, shows the current number 371of lines transferred during a file transfer operations, 372and more. 373.El 374.Sh ENVIRONMENT 375.Nm Tip 376uses the following environment variables: 377.Bl -tag -width Fl 378.It Ev SHELL 379(str) The name of the shell to use for the ~! command; default 380value is ``/bin/sh'', or taken from the environment. 381.It Ev HOME 382(str) The home directory to use for the ~c command; default 383value is taken from the environment. 384.It Ev HOST 385Check for a default host if none specified. 386.El 387.Pp 388The variables 389.Ev ${REMOTE} 390and 391.Ev ${PHONES} 392are also exported. 393.Sh FILES 394.Bl -tag -width /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* -compact 395.It Pa /etc/remote 396Global system descriptions. 397.It Pa /etc/phones 398Global phone number data base. 399.It ${REMOTE} 400Private system descriptions. 401.It ${PHONES} 402Private phone numbers. 403.It ~/.tiprc 404Initialization file. 405.It Pa tip.record 406Record file. 407.It /var/log/aculog 408Line access log. 409.It Pa /var/spool/uucp/LCK..* 410Lock file to avoid conflicts with 411.Xr uucp . 412.El 413.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 414Diagnostics are, hopefully, self explanatory. 415.Sh SEE ALSO 416.Xr remote 5 , 417.Xr phones 5 418.Sh HISTORY 419The 420.Nm tip 421appeared command in 422.Bx 4.2 . 423.Sh BUGS 424The full set of variables is undocumented and should, probably, be 425pared down. 426