1.\" Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California. 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 5.\" 6.\" @(#)tr.1 6.4 (Berkeley) 04/23/91 7.\" 8.Dd 9.Dt TR 1 10.Os 11.Sh NAME 12.Nm tr 13.Nd translate characters 14.Sh SYNOPSIS 15.Nm tr 16.Op Fl c 17.Op Fl d | Fl s 18.Ar string1 string2 19.Sh DESCRIPTION 20The tr utility copies the standard input to the standard 21output with substitution or deletion of selected characters. 22The options specified and the 23.Ar string1 24and 25.Ar string2 26operands 27control translations that occur while copying characters. 28.Pp 29The following options are available: 30.Bl -tag -width Ds 31.It Fl c 32Complements the set of characters in string1 with 33respect to the universe of characters whose 34.Tn ISO 35646 36[4] codes are 00 through 0377 octal. 37.It Fl d 38Deletes all input characters in 39.Ar string1 . 40.It Fl s 41Squeezes all output strings of one or more 42instances of a single character in 43.Ar string2 44to a 45single instance of that character. 46Input characters found 47in 48.Ar string1 49are mapped into the corresponding characters 50of 51.Ar string2 . 52When 53.Ar string2 54is shorter than 55.Ar string1 , string2 56is extended to the length of 57.Ar string1 58by duplicating the last character of 59.Ar string2 . 60If 61.Ar string2 62is explicitly a string of zero 63length, 64.Ar string2 65is padded with 66.Tn NUL 67characters. 68.El 69.Pp 70The following operands are available: 71.Bl -tag -width stringx 72.It Ar string1 73.It Ar string2 74Translation character strings. 75.El 76.Pp 77.Pp 78If 79the 80.Fl c 81option is given in conjunction with the 82.Fl d 83option, then only those characters found in 84.Ar string1 85is copied to the standard output. 86.Pp 87The following conventions can be used in 88.Ar string1 89or 90.Ar string2 91or both to specify characters, character ranges, character 92classes, or collating elements: 93.Bl -tag -width [[:equiv:]] 94.It character 95Represents that character. 96.It \eoctal 97A backslash followed by 1, 2, or 3 octal 98digits represents a character with that 99encoded value. 100If a \eoctal sequence is 101followed by digits, the backslash and up to 102three digits are interpreted to prepare a 103character; subsequent digits are interpreted 104as individual characters. 105.It \echaracter 106A backslash followed by any character except 107an octal digit represents that character. 108.It [c-c] 109Represents the range of ordered elements 110between the range endpoints, inclusive. 111.\" ; as 112.\" defined by the current setting of the 113.\" setlocale() category 114.\" .Em LC_COLLATE . 115.\" The collating 116.\" elements are ordered in ascending collating 117.\" sequence, and the first endpoint shall precede 118.\" the second in the collating sequence. 119.It [[:class:]] 120Represents all characters belonging to the 121defined character class. 122.\" as defined by the 123.\" current setting of the setlocale() category 124.\" .Ev LC_CTYPE . 125Allowable names for class are: 126.Bl -column alpha upper lower digit xdigit -offset indent 127alpha upper lower digit xdigit alnum 128space punct print graph cntrl 129.El 130.Pp 131The characters placed in ascending order. 132.\" .Em LC_COLLATE . 133.\" (Characters not defined in the 134.\" current collating sequence are ordered 135.\" according to the collation sequence's rules 136.\" for ordering of undefined characters.) 137.It [[=equiv=]] 138Represents all characters or collating (sorting) 139elements belonging to the same equivalence class 140as equiv. 141.\" 142.\" 143.\" .Em LC_COLLATE . 144If 145there is a secondary ordering within the 146equivalence class, the characters are ordered 147in ascending sequence. 148Otherwise, they are 149ordered after their encoded values. 150.It [[.cs.]] 151Represents a collating symbol. 152Multicharacter 153collating symbols shall be represented as 154collating symbols to distinguish them from a 155string of the same characters. 156.It [x*n] 157Represents n repeated occurrences of the 158character or collating symbol x. 159This 160expression is only valid when it occurs in 161.Ar string2 . 162If n is omitted or is zero, it is 163be interpreted as large enough to extend the 164.Ar string2 Ns -based 165sequence to the length of the 166.Ar string1 Ns -based 167sequence. 168If n has a leading 169zero, it shall be interpreted as an octal 170value. 171Otherwise, it shall be interpreted as 172a decimal value. 173.El 174.Pp 175Characters belonging to an equivalence class occupy the same 176position in the sequence, ordered after secondary ordering. 177.Pp 178The 179.Nm tr 180utility exits with one of the following values: 181.Bl -tag -width Ds 182.It 0 183All input was processed successfully. 184.It 1 185An error occurred. 186.El 187.Sh STANDARDS 188The 189.Nm tr 190utility is expected to be 191.Tn POSIX 1921003.2 compatible. 193