xref: /qemu/audio/alsaaudio.c (revision 5086c997)
1 /*
2  * QEMU ALSA audio driver
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 Vassili Karpov (malc)
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include <alsa/asoundlib.h>
27 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
28 #include "qemu/module.h"
29 #include "audio.h"
30 #include "trace.h"
31 
32 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Waddress"
33 
34 #define AUDIO_CAP "alsa"
35 #include "audio_int.h"
36 
37 struct pollhlp {
38     snd_pcm_t *handle;
39     struct pollfd *pfds;
40     int count;
41     int mask;
42     AudioState *s;
43 };
44 
45 typedef struct ALSAVoiceOut {
46     HWVoiceOut hw;
47     snd_pcm_t *handle;
48     struct pollhlp pollhlp;
49     Audiodev *dev;
50 } ALSAVoiceOut;
51 
52 typedef struct ALSAVoiceIn {
53     HWVoiceIn hw;
54     snd_pcm_t *handle;
55     struct pollhlp pollhlp;
56     Audiodev *dev;
57 } ALSAVoiceIn;
58 
59 struct alsa_params_req {
60     int freq;
61     snd_pcm_format_t fmt;
62     int nchannels;
63 };
64 
65 struct alsa_params_obt {
66     int freq;
67     AudioFormat fmt;
68     int endianness;
69     int nchannels;
70     snd_pcm_uframes_t samples;
71 };
72 
73 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR (2, 3) alsa_logerr (int err, const char *fmt, ...)
74 {
75     va_list ap;
76 
77     va_start (ap, fmt);
78     AUD_vlog (AUDIO_CAP, fmt, ap);
79     va_end (ap);
80 
81     AUD_log (AUDIO_CAP, "Reason: %s\n", snd_strerror (err));
82 }
83 
84 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR (3, 4) alsa_logerr2 (
85     int err,
86     const char *typ,
87     const char *fmt,
88     ...
89     )
90 {
91     va_list ap;
92 
93     AUD_log (AUDIO_CAP, "Could not initialize %s\n", typ);
94 
95     va_start (ap, fmt);
96     AUD_vlog (AUDIO_CAP, fmt, ap);
97     va_end (ap);
98 
99     AUD_log (AUDIO_CAP, "Reason: %s\n", snd_strerror (err));
100 }
101 
102 static void alsa_fini_poll (struct pollhlp *hlp)
103 {
104     int i;
105     struct pollfd *pfds = hlp->pfds;
106 
107     if (pfds) {
108         for (i = 0; i < hlp->count; ++i) {
109             qemu_set_fd_handler (pfds[i].fd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
110         }
111         g_free (pfds);
112     }
113     hlp->pfds = NULL;
114     hlp->count = 0;
115     hlp->handle = NULL;
116 }
117 
118 static void alsa_anal_close1 (snd_pcm_t **handlep)
119 {
120     int err = snd_pcm_close (*handlep);
121     if (err) {
122         alsa_logerr (err, "Failed to close PCM handle %p\n", *handlep);
123     }
124     *handlep = NULL;
125 }
126 
127 static void alsa_anal_close (snd_pcm_t **handlep, struct pollhlp *hlp)
128 {
129     alsa_fini_poll (hlp);
130     alsa_anal_close1 (handlep);
131 }
132 
133 static int alsa_recover (snd_pcm_t *handle)
134 {
135     int err = snd_pcm_prepare (handle);
136     if (err < 0) {
137         alsa_logerr (err, "Failed to prepare handle %p\n", handle);
138         return -1;
139     }
140     return 0;
141 }
142 
143 static int alsa_resume (snd_pcm_t *handle)
144 {
145     int err = snd_pcm_resume (handle);
146     if (err < 0) {
147         alsa_logerr (err, "Failed to resume handle %p\n", handle);
148         return -1;
149     }
150     return 0;
151 }
152 
153 static void alsa_poll_handler (void *opaque)
154 {
155     int err, count;
156     snd_pcm_state_t state;
157     struct pollhlp *hlp = opaque;
158     unsigned short revents;
159 
160     count = poll (hlp->pfds, hlp->count, 0);
161     if (count < 0) {
162         dolog ("alsa_poll_handler: poll %s\n", strerror (errno));
163         return;
164     }
165 
166     if (!count) {
167         return;
168     }
169 
170     /* XXX: ALSA example uses initial count, not the one returned by
171        poll, correct? */
172     err = snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_revents (hlp->handle, hlp->pfds,
173                                             hlp->count, &revents);
174     if (err < 0) {
175         alsa_logerr (err, "snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_revents");
176         return;
177     }
178 
179     if (!(revents & hlp->mask)) {
180         trace_alsa_revents(revents);
181         return;
182     }
183 
184     state = snd_pcm_state (hlp->handle);
185     switch (state) {
186     case SND_PCM_STATE_SETUP:
187         alsa_recover (hlp->handle);
188         break;
189 
190     case SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
191         alsa_recover (hlp->handle);
192         break;
193 
194     case SND_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
195         alsa_resume (hlp->handle);
196         break;
197 
198     case SND_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
199         audio_run(hlp->s, "alsa run (prepared)");
200         break;
201 
202     case SND_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
203         audio_run(hlp->s, "alsa run (running)");
204         break;
205 
206     default:
207         dolog ("Unexpected state %d\n", state);
208     }
209 }
210 
211 static int alsa_poll_helper (snd_pcm_t *handle, struct pollhlp *hlp, int mask)
212 {
213     int i, count, err;
214     struct pollfd *pfds;
215 
216     count = snd_pcm_poll_descriptors_count (handle);
217     if (count <= 0) {
218         dolog ("Could not initialize poll mode\n"
219                "Invalid number of poll descriptors %d\n", count);
220         return -1;
221     }
222 
223     pfds = audio_calloc ("alsa_poll_helper", count, sizeof (*pfds));
224     if (!pfds) {
225         dolog ("Could not initialize poll mode\n");
226         return -1;
227     }
228 
229     err = snd_pcm_poll_descriptors (handle, pfds, count);
230     if (err < 0) {
231         alsa_logerr (err, "Could not initialize poll mode\n"
232                      "Could not obtain poll descriptors\n");
233         g_free (pfds);
234         return -1;
235     }
236 
237     for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
238         if (pfds[i].events & POLLIN) {
239             qemu_set_fd_handler (pfds[i].fd, alsa_poll_handler, NULL, hlp);
240         }
241         if (pfds[i].events & POLLOUT) {
242             trace_alsa_pollout(i, pfds[i].fd);
243             qemu_set_fd_handler (pfds[i].fd, NULL, alsa_poll_handler, hlp);
244         }
245         trace_alsa_set_handler(pfds[i].events, i, pfds[i].fd, err);
246 
247     }
248     hlp->pfds = pfds;
249     hlp->count = count;
250     hlp->handle = handle;
251     hlp->mask = mask;
252     return 0;
253 }
254 
255 static int alsa_poll_out (HWVoiceOut *hw)
256 {
257     ALSAVoiceOut *alsa = (ALSAVoiceOut *) hw;
258 
259     return alsa_poll_helper (alsa->handle, &alsa->pollhlp, POLLOUT);
260 }
261 
262 static int alsa_poll_in (HWVoiceIn *hw)
263 {
264     ALSAVoiceIn *alsa = (ALSAVoiceIn *) hw;
265 
266     return alsa_poll_helper (alsa->handle, &alsa->pollhlp, POLLIN);
267 }
268 
269 static snd_pcm_format_t aud_to_alsafmt (AudioFormat fmt, int endianness)
270 {
271     switch (fmt) {
272     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S8:
273         return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8;
274 
275     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U8:
276         return SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8;
277 
278     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S16:
279         if (endianness) {
280             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE;
281         } else {
282             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE;
283         }
284 
285     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U16:
286         if (endianness) {
287             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_BE;
288         } else {
289             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_LE;
290         }
291 
292     case AUDIO_FORMAT_S32:
293         if (endianness) {
294             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE;
295         } else {
296             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE;
297         }
298 
299     case AUDIO_FORMAT_U32:
300         if (endianness) {
301             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32_BE;
302         } else {
303             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32_LE;
304         }
305 
306     case AUDIO_FORMAT_F32:
307         if (endianness) {
308             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_BE;
309         } else {
310             return SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE;
311         }
312 
313     default:
314         dolog ("Internal logic error: Bad audio format %d\n", fmt);
315 #ifdef DEBUG_AUDIO
316         abort ();
317 #endif
318         return SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8;
319     }
320 }
321 
322 static int alsa_to_audfmt (snd_pcm_format_t alsafmt, AudioFormat *fmt,
323                            int *endianness)
324 {
325     switch (alsafmt) {
326     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8:
327         *endianness = 0;
328         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_S8;
329         break;
330 
331     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_U8:
332         *endianness = 0;
333         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_U8;
334         break;
335 
336     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE:
337         *endianness = 0;
338         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_S16;
339         break;
340 
341     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_LE:
342         *endianness = 0;
343         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_U16;
344         break;
345 
346     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE:
347         *endianness = 1;
348         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_S16;
349         break;
350 
351     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_U16_BE:
352         *endianness = 1;
353         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_U16;
354         break;
355 
356     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE:
357         *endianness = 0;
358         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_S32;
359         break;
360 
361     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32_LE:
362         *endianness = 0;
363         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_U32;
364         break;
365 
366     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE:
367         *endianness = 1;
368         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_S32;
369         break;
370 
371     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_U32_BE:
372         *endianness = 1;
373         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_U32;
374         break;
375 
376     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE:
377         *endianness = 0;
378         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_F32;
379         break;
380 
381     case SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_BE:
382         *endianness = 1;
383         *fmt = AUDIO_FORMAT_F32;
384         break;
385 
386     default:
387         dolog ("Unrecognized audio format %d\n", alsafmt);
388         return -1;
389     }
390 
391     return 0;
392 }
393 
394 static void alsa_dump_info (struct alsa_params_req *req,
395                             struct alsa_params_obt *obt,
396                             snd_pcm_format_t obtfmt,
397                             AudiodevAlsaPerDirectionOptions *apdo)
398 {
399     dolog("parameter | requested value | obtained value\n");
400     dolog("format    |      %10d |     %10d\n", req->fmt, obtfmt);
401     dolog("channels  |      %10d |     %10d\n",
402           req->nchannels, obt->nchannels);
403     dolog("frequency |      %10d |     %10d\n", req->freq, obt->freq);
404     dolog("============================================\n");
405     dolog("requested: buffer len %" PRId32 " period len %" PRId32 "\n",
406           apdo->buffer_length, apdo->period_length);
407     dolog("obtained: samples %ld\n", obt->samples);
408 }
409 
410 static void alsa_set_threshold (snd_pcm_t *handle, snd_pcm_uframes_t threshold)
411 {
412     int err;
413     snd_pcm_sw_params_t *sw_params;
414 
415     snd_pcm_sw_params_alloca (&sw_params);
416 
417     err = snd_pcm_sw_params_current (handle, sw_params);
418     if (err < 0) {
419         dolog ("Could not fully initialize DAC\n");
420         alsa_logerr (err, "Failed to get current software parameters\n");
421         return;
422     }
423 
424     err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold (handle, sw_params, threshold);
425     if (err < 0) {
426         dolog ("Could not fully initialize DAC\n");
427         alsa_logerr (err, "Failed to set software threshold to %ld\n",
428                      threshold);
429         return;
430     }
431 
432     err = snd_pcm_sw_params (handle, sw_params);
433     if (err < 0) {
434         dolog ("Could not fully initialize DAC\n");
435         alsa_logerr (err, "Failed to set software parameters\n");
436         return;
437     }
438 }
439 
440 static int alsa_open(bool in, struct alsa_params_req *req,
441                      struct alsa_params_obt *obt, snd_pcm_t **handlep,
442                      Audiodev *dev)
443 {
444     AudiodevAlsaOptions *aopts = &dev->u.alsa;
445     AudiodevAlsaPerDirectionOptions *apdo = in ? aopts->in : aopts->out;
446     snd_pcm_t *handle;
447     snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hw_params;
448     int err;
449     unsigned int freq, nchannels;
450     const char *pcm_name = apdo->has_dev ? apdo->dev : "default";
451     snd_pcm_uframes_t obt_buffer_size;
452     const char *typ = in ? "ADC" : "DAC";
453     snd_pcm_format_t obtfmt;
454 
455     freq = req->freq;
456     nchannels = req->nchannels;
457 
458     snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca (&hw_params);
459 
460     err = snd_pcm_open (
461         &handle,
462         pcm_name,
463         in ? SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE : SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
464         SND_PCM_NONBLOCK
465         );
466     if (err < 0) {
467         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to open `%s':\n", pcm_name);
468         return -1;
469     }
470 
471     err = snd_pcm_hw_params_any (handle, hw_params);
472     if (err < 0) {
473         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to initialize hardware parameters\n");
474         goto err;
475     }
476 
477     err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access (
478         handle,
479         hw_params,
480         SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED
481         );
482     if (err < 0) {
483         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to set access type\n");
484         goto err;
485     }
486 
487     err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format (handle, hw_params, req->fmt);
488     if (err < 0) {
489         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to set format %d\n", req->fmt);
490     }
491 
492     err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near (handle, hw_params, &freq, 0);
493     if (err < 0) {
494         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to set frequency %d\n", req->freq);
495         goto err;
496     }
497 
498     err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels_near (
499         handle,
500         hw_params,
501         &nchannels
502         );
503     if (err < 0) {
504         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to set number of channels %d\n",
505                       req->nchannels);
506         goto err;
507     }
508 
509     if (apdo->buffer_length) {
510         int dir = 0;
511         unsigned int btime = apdo->buffer_length;
512 
513         err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near(
514             handle, hw_params, &btime, &dir);
515 
516         if (err < 0) {
517             alsa_logerr2(err, typ, "Failed to set buffer time to %" PRId32 "\n",
518                          apdo->buffer_length);
519             goto err;
520         }
521 
522         if (apdo->has_buffer_length && btime != apdo->buffer_length) {
523             dolog("Requested buffer time %" PRId32
524                   " was rejected, using %u\n", apdo->buffer_length, btime);
525         }
526     }
527 
528     if (apdo->period_length) {
529         int dir = 0;
530         unsigned int ptime = apdo->period_length;
531 
532         err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near(handle, hw_params, &ptime,
533                                                      &dir);
534 
535         if (err < 0) {
536             alsa_logerr2(err, typ, "Failed to set period time to %" PRId32 "\n",
537                          apdo->period_length);
538             goto err;
539         }
540 
541         if (apdo->has_period_length && ptime != apdo->period_length) {
542             dolog("Requested period time %" PRId32 " was rejected, using %d\n",
543                   apdo->period_length, ptime);
544         }
545     }
546 
547     err = snd_pcm_hw_params (handle, hw_params);
548     if (err < 0) {
549         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to apply audio parameters\n");
550         goto err;
551     }
552 
553     err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size (hw_params, &obt_buffer_size);
554     if (err < 0) {
555         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to get buffer size\n");
556         goto err;
557     }
558 
559     err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_format (hw_params, &obtfmt);
560     if (err < 0) {
561         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Failed to get format\n");
562         goto err;
563     }
564 
565     if (alsa_to_audfmt (obtfmt, &obt->fmt, &obt->endianness)) {
566         dolog ("Invalid format was returned %d\n", obtfmt);
567         goto err;
568     }
569 
570     err = snd_pcm_prepare (handle);
571     if (err < 0) {
572         alsa_logerr2 (err, typ, "Could not prepare handle %p\n", handle);
573         goto err;
574     }
575 
576     if (!in && aopts->has_threshold && aopts->threshold) {
577         struct audsettings as = { .freq = freq };
578         alsa_set_threshold(
579             handle,
580             audio_buffer_frames(qapi_AudiodevAlsaPerDirectionOptions_base(apdo),
581                                 &as, aopts->threshold));
582     }
583 
584     obt->nchannels = nchannels;
585     obt->freq = freq;
586     obt->samples = obt_buffer_size;
587 
588     *handlep = handle;
589 
590     if (obtfmt != req->fmt ||
591          obt->nchannels != req->nchannels ||
592          obt->freq != req->freq) {
593         dolog ("Audio parameters for %s\n", typ);
594         alsa_dump_info(req, obt, obtfmt, apdo);
595     }
596 
597 #ifdef DEBUG
598     alsa_dump_info(req, obt, obtfmt, apdo);
599 #endif
600     return 0;
601 
602  err:
603     alsa_anal_close1 (&handle);
604     return -1;
605 }
606 
607 static size_t alsa_write(HWVoiceOut *hw, void *buf, size_t len)
608 {
609     ALSAVoiceOut *alsa = (ALSAVoiceOut *) hw;
610     size_t pos = 0;
611     size_t len_frames = len / hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
612 
613     while (len_frames) {
614         char *src = advance(buf, pos);
615         snd_pcm_sframes_t written;
616 
617         written = snd_pcm_writei(alsa->handle, src, len_frames);
618 
619         if (written <= 0) {
620             switch (written) {
621             case 0:
622                 trace_alsa_wrote_zero(len_frames);
623                 return pos;
624 
625             case -EPIPE:
626                 if (alsa_recover(alsa->handle)) {
627                     alsa_logerr(written, "Failed to write %zu frames\n",
628                                 len_frames);
629                     return pos;
630                 }
631                 trace_alsa_xrun_out();
632                 continue;
633 
634             case -ESTRPIPE:
635                 /*
636                  * stream is suspended and waiting for an application
637                  * recovery
638                  */
639                 if (alsa_resume(alsa->handle)) {
640                     alsa_logerr(written, "Failed to write %zu frames\n",
641                                 len_frames);
642                     return pos;
643                 }
644                 trace_alsa_resume_out();
645                 continue;
646 
647             case -EAGAIN:
648                 return pos;
649 
650             default:
651                 alsa_logerr(written, "Failed to write %zu frames from %p\n",
652                             len, src);
653                 return pos;
654             }
655         }
656 
657         pos += written * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
658         if (written < len_frames) {
659             break;
660         }
661         len_frames -= written;
662     }
663 
664     return pos;
665 }
666 
667 static void alsa_fini_out (HWVoiceOut *hw)
668 {
669     ALSAVoiceOut *alsa = (ALSAVoiceOut *) hw;
670 
671     ldebug ("alsa_fini\n");
672     alsa_anal_close (&alsa->handle, &alsa->pollhlp);
673 }
674 
675 static int alsa_init_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, struct audsettings *as,
676                          void *drv_opaque)
677 {
678     ALSAVoiceOut *alsa = (ALSAVoiceOut *) hw;
679     struct alsa_params_req req;
680     struct alsa_params_obt obt;
681     snd_pcm_t *handle;
682     struct audsettings obt_as;
683     Audiodev *dev = drv_opaque;
684 
685     req.fmt = aud_to_alsafmt (as->fmt, as->endianness);
686     req.freq = as->freq;
687     req.nchannels = as->nchannels;
688 
689     if (alsa_open(0, &req, &obt, &handle, dev)) {
690         return -1;
691     }
692 
693     obt_as.freq = obt.freq;
694     obt_as.nchannels = obt.nchannels;
695     obt_as.fmt = obt.fmt;
696     obt_as.endianness = obt.endianness;
697 
698     audio_pcm_init_info (&hw->info, &obt_as);
699     hw->samples = obt.samples;
700 
701     alsa->pollhlp.s = hw->s;
702     alsa->handle = handle;
703     alsa->dev = dev;
704     return 0;
705 }
706 
707 #define VOICE_CTL_PAUSE 0
708 #define VOICE_CTL_PREPARE 1
709 #define VOICE_CTL_START 2
710 
711 static int alsa_voice_ctl (snd_pcm_t *handle, const char *typ, int ctl)
712 {
713     int err;
714 
715     if (ctl == VOICE_CTL_PAUSE) {
716         err = snd_pcm_drop (handle);
717         if (err < 0) {
718             alsa_logerr (err, "Could not stop %s\n", typ);
719             return -1;
720         }
721     } else {
722         err = snd_pcm_prepare (handle);
723         if (err < 0) {
724             alsa_logerr (err, "Could not prepare handle for %s\n", typ);
725             return -1;
726         }
727         if (ctl == VOICE_CTL_START) {
728             err = snd_pcm_start(handle);
729             if (err < 0) {
730                 alsa_logerr (err, "Could not start handle for %s\n", typ);
731                 return -1;
732             }
733         }
734     }
735 
736     return 0;
737 }
738 
739 static void alsa_enable_out(HWVoiceOut *hw, bool enable)
740 {
741     ALSAVoiceOut *alsa = (ALSAVoiceOut *) hw;
742     AudiodevAlsaPerDirectionOptions *apdo = alsa->dev->u.alsa.out;
743 
744     if (enable) {
745         bool poll_mode = apdo->try_poll;
746 
747         ldebug("enabling voice\n");
748         if (poll_mode && alsa_poll_out(hw)) {
749             poll_mode = 0;
750         }
751         hw->poll_mode = poll_mode;
752         alsa_voice_ctl(alsa->handle, "playback", VOICE_CTL_PREPARE);
753     } else {
754         ldebug("disabling voice\n");
755         if (hw->poll_mode) {
756             hw->poll_mode = 0;
757             alsa_fini_poll(&alsa->pollhlp);
758         }
759         alsa_voice_ctl(alsa->handle, "playback", VOICE_CTL_PAUSE);
760     }
761 }
762 
763 static int alsa_init_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, struct audsettings *as, void *drv_opaque)
764 {
765     ALSAVoiceIn *alsa = (ALSAVoiceIn *) hw;
766     struct alsa_params_req req;
767     struct alsa_params_obt obt;
768     snd_pcm_t *handle;
769     struct audsettings obt_as;
770     Audiodev *dev = drv_opaque;
771 
772     req.fmt = aud_to_alsafmt (as->fmt, as->endianness);
773     req.freq = as->freq;
774     req.nchannels = as->nchannels;
775 
776     if (alsa_open(1, &req, &obt, &handle, dev)) {
777         return -1;
778     }
779 
780     obt_as.freq = obt.freq;
781     obt_as.nchannels = obt.nchannels;
782     obt_as.fmt = obt.fmt;
783     obt_as.endianness = obt.endianness;
784 
785     audio_pcm_init_info (&hw->info, &obt_as);
786     hw->samples = obt.samples;
787 
788     alsa->pollhlp.s = hw->s;
789     alsa->handle = handle;
790     alsa->dev = dev;
791     return 0;
792 }
793 
794 static void alsa_fini_in (HWVoiceIn *hw)
795 {
796     ALSAVoiceIn *alsa = (ALSAVoiceIn *) hw;
797 
798     alsa_anal_close (&alsa->handle, &alsa->pollhlp);
799 }
800 
801 static size_t alsa_read(HWVoiceIn *hw, void *buf, size_t len)
802 {
803     ALSAVoiceIn *alsa = (ALSAVoiceIn *) hw;
804     size_t pos = 0;
805 
806     while (len) {
807         void *dst = advance(buf, pos);
808         snd_pcm_sframes_t nread;
809 
810         nread = snd_pcm_readi(
811             alsa->handle, dst, len / hw->info.bytes_per_frame);
812 
813         if (nread <= 0) {
814             switch (nread) {
815             case 0:
816                 trace_alsa_read_zero(len);
817                 return pos;
818 
819             case -EPIPE:
820                 if (alsa_recover(alsa->handle)) {
821                     alsa_logerr(nread, "Failed to read %zu frames\n", len);
822                     return pos;
823                 }
824                 trace_alsa_xrun_in();
825                 continue;
826 
827             case -EAGAIN:
828                 return pos;
829 
830             default:
831                 alsa_logerr(nread, "Failed to read %zu frames to %p\n",
832                             len, dst);
833                 return pos;
834             }
835         }
836 
837         pos += nread * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
838         len -= nread * hw->info.bytes_per_frame;
839     }
840 
841     return pos;
842 }
843 
844 static void alsa_enable_in(HWVoiceIn *hw, bool enable)
845 {
846     ALSAVoiceIn *alsa = (ALSAVoiceIn *) hw;
847     AudiodevAlsaPerDirectionOptions *apdo = alsa->dev->u.alsa.in;
848 
849     if (enable) {
850         bool poll_mode = apdo->try_poll;
851 
852         ldebug("enabling voice\n");
853         if (poll_mode && alsa_poll_in(hw)) {
854             poll_mode = 0;
855         }
856         hw->poll_mode = poll_mode;
857 
858         alsa_voice_ctl(alsa->handle, "capture", VOICE_CTL_START);
859     } else {
860         ldebug ("disabling voice\n");
861         if (hw->poll_mode) {
862             hw->poll_mode = 0;
863             alsa_fini_poll(&alsa->pollhlp);
864         }
865         alsa_voice_ctl(alsa->handle, "capture", VOICE_CTL_PAUSE);
866     }
867 }
868 
869 static void alsa_init_per_direction(AudiodevAlsaPerDirectionOptions *apdo)
870 {
871     if (!apdo->has_try_poll) {
872         apdo->try_poll = true;
873         apdo->has_try_poll = true;
874     }
875 }
876 
877 static void *alsa_audio_init(Audiodev *dev)
878 {
879     AudiodevAlsaOptions *aopts;
880     assert(dev->driver == AUDIODEV_DRIVER_ALSA);
881 
882     aopts = &dev->u.alsa;
883     alsa_init_per_direction(aopts->in);
884     alsa_init_per_direction(aopts->out);
885 
886     /*
887      * need to define them, as otherwise alsa produces no sound
888      * doesn't set has_* so alsa_open can identify it wasn't set by the user
889      */
890     if (!dev->u.alsa.out->has_period_length) {
891         /* 1024 frames assuming 44100Hz */
892         dev->u.alsa.out->period_length = 1024 * 1000000 / 44100;
893     }
894     if (!dev->u.alsa.out->has_buffer_length) {
895         /* 4096 frames assuming 44100Hz */
896         dev->u.alsa.out->buffer_length = 4096ll * 1000000 / 44100;
897     }
898 
899     /*
900      * OptsVisitor sets unspecified optional fields to zero, but do not depend
901      * on it...
902      */
903     if (!dev->u.alsa.in->has_period_length) {
904         dev->u.alsa.in->period_length = 0;
905     }
906     if (!dev->u.alsa.in->has_buffer_length) {
907         dev->u.alsa.in->buffer_length = 0;
908     }
909 
910     return dev;
911 }
912 
913 static void alsa_audio_fini (void *opaque)
914 {
915 }
916 
917 static struct audio_pcm_ops alsa_pcm_ops = {
918     .init_out = alsa_init_out,
919     .fini_out = alsa_fini_out,
920     .write    = alsa_write,
921     .run_buffer_out = audio_generic_run_buffer_out,
922     .enable_out = alsa_enable_out,
923 
924     .init_in  = alsa_init_in,
925     .fini_in  = alsa_fini_in,
926     .read     = alsa_read,
927     .run_buffer_in = audio_generic_run_buffer_in,
928     .enable_in = alsa_enable_in,
929 };
930 
931 static struct audio_driver alsa_audio_driver = {
932     .name           = "alsa",
933     .descr          = "ALSA http://www.alsa-project.org",
934     .init           = alsa_audio_init,
935     .fini           = alsa_audio_fini,
936     .pcm_ops        = &alsa_pcm_ops,
937     .can_be_default = 1,
938     .max_voices_out = INT_MAX,
939     .max_voices_in  = INT_MAX,
940     .voice_size_out = sizeof (ALSAVoiceOut),
941     .voice_size_in  = sizeof (ALSAVoiceIn)
942 };
943 
944 static void register_audio_alsa(void)
945 {
946     audio_driver_register(&alsa_audio_driver);
947 }
948 type_init(register_audio_alsa);
949