xref: /qemu/block/bochs.c (revision 9be38598)
1 /*
2  * Block driver for the various disk image formats used by Bochs
3  * Currently only for "growing" type in read-only mode
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2005 Alex Beregszaszi
6  *
7  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
9  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
10  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
11  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13  *
14  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16  *
17  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
20  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
22  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
23  * THE SOFTWARE.
24  */
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qemu-common.h"
28 #include "block/block_int.h"
29 #include "qemu/module.h"
30 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
31 
32 /**************************************************************/
33 
34 #define HEADER_MAGIC "Bochs Virtual HD Image"
35 #define HEADER_VERSION 0x00020000
36 #define HEADER_V1 0x00010000
37 #define HEADER_SIZE 512
38 
39 #define REDOLOG_TYPE "Redolog"
40 #define GROWING_TYPE "Growing"
41 
42 // not allocated: 0xffffffff
43 
44 // always little-endian
45 struct bochs_header {
46     char magic[32];     /* "Bochs Virtual HD Image" */
47     char type[16];      /* "Redolog" */
48     char subtype[16];   /* "Undoable" / "Volatile" / "Growing" */
49     uint32_t version;
50     uint32_t header;    /* size of header */
51 
52     uint32_t catalog;   /* num of entries */
53     uint32_t bitmap;    /* bitmap size */
54     uint32_t extent;    /* extent size */
55 
56     union {
57         struct {
58             uint32_t reserved;  /* for ??? */
59             uint64_t disk;      /* disk size */
60             char padding[HEADER_SIZE - 64 - 20 - 12];
61         } QEMU_PACKED redolog;
62         struct {
63             uint64_t disk;      /* disk size */
64             char padding[HEADER_SIZE - 64 - 20 - 8];
65         } QEMU_PACKED redolog_v1;
66         char padding[HEADER_SIZE - 64 - 20];
67     } extra;
68 } QEMU_PACKED;
69 
70 typedef struct BDRVBochsState {
71     CoMutex lock;
72     uint32_t *catalog_bitmap;
73     uint32_t catalog_size;
74 
75     uint32_t data_offset;
76 
77     uint32_t bitmap_blocks;
78     uint32_t extent_blocks;
79     uint32_t extent_size;
80 } BDRVBochsState;
81 
82 static int bochs_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
83 {
84     const struct bochs_header *bochs = (const void *)buf;
85 
86     if (buf_size < HEADER_SIZE)
87 	return 0;
88 
89     if (!strcmp(bochs->magic, HEADER_MAGIC) &&
90 	!strcmp(bochs->type, REDOLOG_TYPE) &&
91 	!strcmp(bochs->subtype, GROWING_TYPE) &&
92 	((le32_to_cpu(bochs->version) == HEADER_VERSION) ||
93 	(le32_to_cpu(bochs->version) == HEADER_V1)))
94 	return 100;
95 
96     return 0;
97 }
98 
99 static int bochs_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
100                       Error **errp)
101 {
102     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
103     uint32_t i;
104     struct bochs_header bochs;
105     int ret;
106 
107     bs->read_only = 1; // no write support yet
108     bs->request_alignment = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; /* No sub-sector I/O supported */
109 
110     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, 0, &bochs, sizeof(bochs));
111     if (ret < 0) {
112         return ret;
113     }
114 
115     if (strcmp(bochs.magic, HEADER_MAGIC) ||
116         strcmp(bochs.type, REDOLOG_TYPE) ||
117         strcmp(bochs.subtype, GROWING_TYPE) ||
118 	((le32_to_cpu(bochs.version) != HEADER_VERSION) &&
119 	(le32_to_cpu(bochs.version) != HEADER_V1))) {
120         error_setg(errp, "Image not in Bochs format");
121         return -EINVAL;
122     }
123 
124     if (le32_to_cpu(bochs.version) == HEADER_V1) {
125         bs->total_sectors = le64_to_cpu(bochs.extra.redolog_v1.disk) / 512;
126     } else {
127         bs->total_sectors = le64_to_cpu(bochs.extra.redolog.disk) / 512;
128     }
129 
130     /* Limit to 1M entries to avoid unbounded allocation. This is what is
131      * needed for the largest image that bximage can create (~8 TB). */
132     s->catalog_size = le32_to_cpu(bochs.catalog);
133     if (s->catalog_size > 0x100000) {
134         error_setg(errp, "Catalog size is too large");
135         return -EFBIG;
136     }
137 
138     s->catalog_bitmap = g_try_new(uint32_t, s->catalog_size);
139     if (s->catalog_size && s->catalog_bitmap == NULL) {
140         error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate memory for catalog");
141         return -ENOMEM;
142     }
143 
144     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, le32_to_cpu(bochs.header), s->catalog_bitmap,
145                      s->catalog_size * 4);
146     if (ret < 0) {
147         goto fail;
148     }
149 
150     for (i = 0; i < s->catalog_size; i++)
151 	le32_to_cpus(&s->catalog_bitmap[i]);
152 
153     s->data_offset = le32_to_cpu(bochs.header) + (s->catalog_size * 4);
154 
155     s->bitmap_blocks = 1 + (le32_to_cpu(bochs.bitmap) - 1) / 512;
156     s->extent_blocks = 1 + (le32_to_cpu(bochs.extent) - 1) / 512;
157 
158     s->extent_size = le32_to_cpu(bochs.extent);
159     if (s->extent_size < BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
160         /* bximage actually never creates extents smaller than 4k */
161         error_setg(errp, "Extent size must be at least 512");
162         ret = -EINVAL;
163         goto fail;
164     } else if (!is_power_of_2(s->extent_size)) {
165         error_setg(errp, "Extent size %" PRIu32 " is not a power of two",
166                    s->extent_size);
167         ret = -EINVAL;
168         goto fail;
169     } else if (s->extent_size > 0x800000) {
170         error_setg(errp, "Extent size %" PRIu32 " is too large",
171                    s->extent_size);
172         ret = -EINVAL;
173         goto fail;
174     }
175 
176     if (s->catalog_size < DIV_ROUND_UP(bs->total_sectors,
177                                        s->extent_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE))
178     {
179         error_setg(errp, "Catalog size is too small for this disk size");
180         ret = -EINVAL;
181         goto fail;
182     }
183 
184     qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
185     return 0;
186 
187 fail:
188     g_free(s->catalog_bitmap);
189     return ret;
190 }
191 
192 static int64_t seek_to_sector(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num)
193 {
194     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
195     uint64_t offset = sector_num * 512;
196     uint64_t extent_index, extent_offset, bitmap_offset;
197     char bitmap_entry;
198     int ret;
199 
200     // seek to sector
201     extent_index = offset / s->extent_size;
202     extent_offset = (offset % s->extent_size) / 512;
203 
204     if (s->catalog_bitmap[extent_index] == 0xffffffff) {
205 	return 0; /* not allocated */
206     }
207 
208     bitmap_offset = s->data_offset +
209         (512 * (uint64_t) s->catalog_bitmap[extent_index] *
210         (s->extent_blocks + s->bitmap_blocks));
211 
212     /* read in bitmap for current extent */
213     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, bitmap_offset + (extent_offset / 8),
214                      &bitmap_entry, 1);
215     if (ret < 0) {
216         return ret;
217     }
218 
219     if (!((bitmap_entry >> (extent_offset % 8)) & 1)) {
220 	return 0; /* not allocated */
221     }
222 
223     return bitmap_offset + (512 * (s->bitmap_blocks + extent_offset));
224 }
225 
226 static int coroutine_fn
227 bochs_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
228                 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
229 {
230     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
231     uint64_t sector_num = offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
232     int nb_sectors = bytes >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
233     uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
234     QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
235     int ret;
236 
237     assert((offset & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0);
238     assert((bytes & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0);
239 
240     qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, qiov->niov);
241     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
242 
243     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
244         int64_t block_offset = seek_to_sector(bs, sector_num);
245         if (block_offset < 0) {
246             ret = block_offset;
247             goto fail;
248         }
249 
250         qemu_iovec_reset(&local_qiov);
251         qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, 512);
252 
253         if (block_offset > 0) {
254             ret = bdrv_co_preadv(bs->file->bs, block_offset, 512,
255                                  &local_qiov, 0);
256             if (ret < 0) {
257                 goto fail;
258             }
259         } else {
260             qemu_iovec_memset(&local_qiov, 0, 0, 512);
261         }
262         nb_sectors--;
263         sector_num++;
264         bytes_done += 512;
265     }
266 
267     ret = 0;
268 fail:
269     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
270     qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
271 
272     return ret;
273 }
274 
275 static void bochs_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
276 {
277     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
278     g_free(s->catalog_bitmap);
279 }
280 
281 static BlockDriver bdrv_bochs = {
282     .format_name	= "bochs",
283     .instance_size	= sizeof(BDRVBochsState),
284     .bdrv_probe		= bochs_probe,
285     .bdrv_open		= bochs_open,
286     .bdrv_co_preadv = bochs_co_preadv,
287     .bdrv_close		= bochs_close,
288 };
289 
290 static void bdrv_bochs_init(void)
291 {
292     bdrv_register(&bdrv_bochs);
293 }
294 
295 block_init(bdrv_bochs_init);
296