xref: /qemu/block/bochs.c (revision d1f711d4)
1 /*
2  * Block driver for the various disk image formats used by Bochs
3  * Currently only for "growing" type in read-only mode
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2005 Alex Beregszaszi
6  *
7  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
9  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
10  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
11  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13  *
14  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16  *
17  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
20  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
22  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
23  * THE SOFTWARE.
24  */
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qemu-common.h"
28 #include "block/block_int.h"
29 #include "qemu/module.h"
30 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
31 
32 /**************************************************************/
33 
34 #define HEADER_MAGIC "Bochs Virtual HD Image"
35 #define HEADER_VERSION 0x00020000
36 #define HEADER_V1 0x00010000
37 #define HEADER_SIZE 512
38 
39 #define REDOLOG_TYPE "Redolog"
40 #define GROWING_TYPE "Growing"
41 
42 // not allocated: 0xffffffff
43 
44 // always little-endian
45 struct bochs_header {
46     char magic[32];     /* "Bochs Virtual HD Image" */
47     char type[16];      /* "Redolog" */
48     char subtype[16];   /* "Undoable" / "Volatile" / "Growing" */
49     uint32_t version;
50     uint32_t header;    /* size of header */
51 
52     uint32_t catalog;   /* num of entries */
53     uint32_t bitmap;    /* bitmap size */
54     uint32_t extent;    /* extent size */
55 
56     union {
57         struct {
58             uint32_t reserved;  /* for ??? */
59             uint64_t disk;      /* disk size */
60             char padding[HEADER_SIZE - 64 - 20 - 12];
61         } QEMU_PACKED redolog;
62         struct {
63             uint64_t disk;      /* disk size */
64             char padding[HEADER_SIZE - 64 - 20 - 8];
65         } QEMU_PACKED redolog_v1;
66         char padding[HEADER_SIZE - 64 - 20];
67     } extra;
68 } QEMU_PACKED;
69 
70 typedef struct BDRVBochsState {
71     CoMutex lock;
72     uint32_t *catalog_bitmap;
73     uint32_t catalog_size;
74 
75     uint32_t data_offset;
76 
77     uint32_t bitmap_blocks;
78     uint32_t extent_blocks;
79     uint32_t extent_size;
80 } BDRVBochsState;
81 
82 static int bochs_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
83 {
84     const struct bochs_header *bochs = (const void *)buf;
85 
86     if (buf_size < HEADER_SIZE)
87 	return 0;
88 
89     if (!strcmp(bochs->magic, HEADER_MAGIC) &&
90 	!strcmp(bochs->type, REDOLOG_TYPE) &&
91 	!strcmp(bochs->subtype, GROWING_TYPE) &&
92 	((le32_to_cpu(bochs->version) == HEADER_VERSION) ||
93 	(le32_to_cpu(bochs->version) == HEADER_V1)))
94 	return 100;
95 
96     return 0;
97 }
98 
99 static int bochs_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
100                       Error **errp)
101 {
102     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
103     uint32_t i;
104     struct bochs_header bochs;
105     int ret;
106 
107     bs->read_only = true; /* no write support yet */
108 
109     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, &bochs, sizeof(bochs));
110     if (ret < 0) {
111         return ret;
112     }
113 
114     if (strcmp(bochs.magic, HEADER_MAGIC) ||
115         strcmp(bochs.type, REDOLOG_TYPE) ||
116         strcmp(bochs.subtype, GROWING_TYPE) ||
117 	((le32_to_cpu(bochs.version) != HEADER_VERSION) &&
118 	(le32_to_cpu(bochs.version) != HEADER_V1))) {
119         error_setg(errp, "Image not in Bochs format");
120         return -EINVAL;
121     }
122 
123     if (le32_to_cpu(bochs.version) == HEADER_V1) {
124         bs->total_sectors = le64_to_cpu(bochs.extra.redolog_v1.disk) / 512;
125     } else {
126         bs->total_sectors = le64_to_cpu(bochs.extra.redolog.disk) / 512;
127     }
128 
129     /* Limit to 1M entries to avoid unbounded allocation. This is what is
130      * needed for the largest image that bximage can create (~8 TB). */
131     s->catalog_size = le32_to_cpu(bochs.catalog);
132     if (s->catalog_size > 0x100000) {
133         error_setg(errp, "Catalog size is too large");
134         return -EFBIG;
135     }
136 
137     s->catalog_bitmap = g_try_new(uint32_t, s->catalog_size);
138     if (s->catalog_size && s->catalog_bitmap == NULL) {
139         error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate memory for catalog");
140         return -ENOMEM;
141     }
142 
143     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, le32_to_cpu(bochs.header), s->catalog_bitmap,
144                      s->catalog_size * 4);
145     if (ret < 0) {
146         goto fail;
147     }
148 
149     for (i = 0; i < s->catalog_size; i++)
150 	le32_to_cpus(&s->catalog_bitmap[i]);
151 
152     s->data_offset = le32_to_cpu(bochs.header) + (s->catalog_size * 4);
153 
154     s->bitmap_blocks = 1 + (le32_to_cpu(bochs.bitmap) - 1) / 512;
155     s->extent_blocks = 1 + (le32_to_cpu(bochs.extent) - 1) / 512;
156 
157     s->extent_size = le32_to_cpu(bochs.extent);
158     if (s->extent_size < BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
159         /* bximage actually never creates extents smaller than 4k */
160         error_setg(errp, "Extent size must be at least 512");
161         ret = -EINVAL;
162         goto fail;
163     } else if (!is_power_of_2(s->extent_size)) {
164         error_setg(errp, "Extent size %" PRIu32 " is not a power of two",
165                    s->extent_size);
166         ret = -EINVAL;
167         goto fail;
168     } else if (s->extent_size > 0x800000) {
169         error_setg(errp, "Extent size %" PRIu32 " is too large",
170                    s->extent_size);
171         ret = -EINVAL;
172         goto fail;
173     }
174 
175     if (s->catalog_size < DIV_ROUND_UP(bs->total_sectors,
176                                        s->extent_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE))
177     {
178         error_setg(errp, "Catalog size is too small for this disk size");
179         ret = -EINVAL;
180         goto fail;
181     }
182 
183     qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
184     return 0;
185 
186 fail:
187     g_free(s->catalog_bitmap);
188     return ret;
189 }
190 
191 static void bochs_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
192 {
193     bs->bl.request_alignment = BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE; /* No sub-sector I/O */
194 }
195 
196 static int64_t seek_to_sector(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num)
197 {
198     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
199     uint64_t offset = sector_num * 512;
200     uint64_t extent_index, extent_offset, bitmap_offset;
201     char bitmap_entry;
202     int ret;
203 
204     // seek to sector
205     extent_index = offset / s->extent_size;
206     extent_offset = (offset % s->extent_size) / 512;
207 
208     if (s->catalog_bitmap[extent_index] == 0xffffffff) {
209 	return 0; /* not allocated */
210     }
211 
212     bitmap_offset = s->data_offset +
213         (512 * (uint64_t) s->catalog_bitmap[extent_index] *
214         (s->extent_blocks + s->bitmap_blocks));
215 
216     /* read in bitmap for current extent */
217     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, bitmap_offset + (extent_offset / 8),
218                      &bitmap_entry, 1);
219     if (ret < 0) {
220         return ret;
221     }
222 
223     if (!((bitmap_entry >> (extent_offset % 8)) & 1)) {
224 	return 0; /* not allocated */
225     }
226 
227     return bitmap_offset + (512 * (s->bitmap_blocks + extent_offset));
228 }
229 
230 static int coroutine_fn
231 bochs_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset, uint64_t bytes,
232                 QEMUIOVector *qiov, int flags)
233 {
234     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
235     uint64_t sector_num = offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
236     int nb_sectors = bytes >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
237     uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
238     QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
239     int ret;
240 
241     assert((offset & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0);
242     assert((bytes & (BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) == 0);
243 
244     qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, qiov->niov);
245     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
246 
247     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
248         int64_t block_offset = seek_to_sector(bs, sector_num);
249         if (block_offset < 0) {
250             ret = block_offset;
251             goto fail;
252         }
253 
254         qemu_iovec_reset(&local_qiov);
255         qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, qiov, bytes_done, 512);
256 
257         if (block_offset > 0) {
258             ret = bdrv_co_preadv(bs->file, block_offset, 512,
259                                  &local_qiov, 0);
260             if (ret < 0) {
261                 goto fail;
262             }
263         } else {
264             qemu_iovec_memset(&local_qiov, 0, 0, 512);
265         }
266         nb_sectors--;
267         sector_num++;
268         bytes_done += 512;
269     }
270 
271     ret = 0;
272 fail:
273     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
274     qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
275 
276     return ret;
277 }
278 
279 static void bochs_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
280 {
281     BDRVBochsState *s = bs->opaque;
282     g_free(s->catalog_bitmap);
283 }
284 
285 static BlockDriver bdrv_bochs = {
286     .format_name	= "bochs",
287     .instance_size	= sizeof(BDRVBochsState),
288     .bdrv_probe		= bochs_probe,
289     .bdrv_open		= bochs_open,
290     .bdrv_refresh_limits = bochs_refresh_limits,
291     .bdrv_co_preadv = bochs_co_preadv,
292     .bdrv_close		= bochs_close,
293 };
294 
295 static void bdrv_bochs_init(void)
296 {
297     bdrv_register(&bdrv_bochs);
298 }
299 
300 block_init(bdrv_bochs_init);
301